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Articles 1 - 30 of 236
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Examining The Strong Black Woman Schema, Kaiya Keiko Haywood
Examining The Strong Black Woman Schema, Kaiya Keiko Haywood
Senior Honors Theses and Projects
Research about the Strong Black Women (SBW) schema shows that it can have harmful outcomes when individuals are given a specific SBW stereotype to consider (Donovan & West, 2015). I examined the benefits of the SBW schema when participants were given a schema description absent of a specific exemplar or stereotype, a description of a person characterized by mostly positive traits related to the schema (as found in pilot data). Participants then attempted to match the description with a Black woman (or not) and reported how inspiring and reassuring the protagonist made them feel. It was hypothesized that the description …
Examining Stereotypes Of Fatherhood According To The Stereotype Content Model, Basra Keynan
Examining Stereotypes Of Fatherhood According To The Stereotype Content Model, Basra Keynan
Senior Honors Theses and Projects
This study examined participants' stereotypic views of fathers. The analysis used the Stereotype Content Model as a focus. Participants (Ps) first rated men in general and then different types of fathers (3 types) on 62 traits (e.g., open, caring) on a 6-point scales (0 = not all like to 6 = most like). The father types measured included: married father, divorced non-resident, divorced resident, stepfather, never married, adoptive, and gay fathers. These ratings were compared to what participants believe is typical of men and will assess the extent that each type of father is in the domains of warmth and …
Psychology And Criminology Students' Attribution Of Factors Contributing To Criminal Behaviors, Ava Marie Leahy
Psychology And Criminology Students' Attribution Of Factors Contributing To Criminal Behaviors, Ava Marie Leahy
Senior Honors Theses and Projects
The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in the attribution of contributing factors to criminal behaviors between psychology and criminology majors. To gauge participant perception, a carefully crafted vignette was presented to participants accompanied by questions asking participants to what extent eight variables (conformation to labels, hostile attribution bias, rational choice based on circumstances, poor attachments, mental illness, upbringing, insufficient deterrence, and learned behavior through observation) contributed to the perpetrator’s criminal behavior and for participants to rank-order these same variables from the largest contributors to the least. Participants were also asked to provide a sentencing recommendation for …
Attachment Security Moderating The Effects Of Social Media Use On Body Dissatisfaction In Adolescent Girls, Jenna Walters
Attachment Security Moderating The Effects Of Social Media Use On Body Dissatisfaction In Adolescent Girls, Jenna Walters
Senior Honors Theses and Projects
Social relationships are important for the vast majority of people, especially adolescents. Social media has become increasingly common in people under the age of 30 and has been associated with body dissatisfaction and stress; furthermore, insecure attachment styles have also been associated with body dissatisfaction in adolescents. Using the survey results from 104 adolescent girls from a Midwestern metropolitan area, this study examined how attachment style potentially moderates the relationship between three social media variables (frequency of use, emotional investment in social media, and pressure felt from media) and body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls. Controlling for age and body mass …
Stereotype Threat Within The Lgbtq+ Community, Chloe Laporte
Stereotype Threat Within The Lgbtq+ Community, Chloe Laporte
Senior Honors Theses and Projects
This study examined stereotype threat for students from the LGBTQ+ community. Stereotype threat can cause negative effects regarding performance and can influence the expression of social behaviors. This project observed differences between LGBTQ+ and non-LGBTQ+ identifying groups who believe the study tests performance stereotypes for LGBTQ+ students (or not), on a quantitative test, as well as for responses about social behaviors. I postulated that LGBTQ+ individuals under threat will perform more poorly on the test, and exhibit more problematic social behaviors. In the current study, some participants were assigned to a control condition and were given a diagnostic test, while …
The Impact Of Belief In A Just World And Social Dominance Orientation On Reactions To Pay Inequities, Sydney Rae Dhue
The Impact Of Belief In A Just World And Social Dominance Orientation On Reactions To Pay Inequities, Sydney Rae Dhue
Senior Honors Theses and Projects
Prior work has examined how racial prejudice can lead to the acceptance of unjust pay toward women and minorities. Other work has found that people who are high in the belief in a just world (BJW) often accept the outcome of events and situations despite differences in outcomes for certain individuals or groups. This research examined if BJW and social dominance orientation (SDO) contributes to the acceptance of pay discrimination toward African Americans. In the research participants read a description of a job applicant and an offer of employment toward that applicant. For the description, participants received explicit information that …
Adherence To Covid-19 Safety Guidelines As A Function Of Depression And Anxiety, Derek Berger
Adherence To Covid-19 Safety Guidelines As A Function Of Depression And Anxiety, Derek Berger
Senior Honors Theses and Projects
The entire world has been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic in a multitude of ways. This project aimed to identify if those experiencing depression and anxiety are more likely or less likely to follow mandated guidelines and safety procedures for COVID-19 than those who are undiagnosed. For the purposes of this project, guidelines and safety procedures were defined as receiving the COVID-19 vaccines, wearing a mask, practicing social distancing, and avoiding social gatherings. Data were gathered through the construction and administration of a nationwide survey, and then depression and anxiety were correlated with each safety procedure separately. It was found …
Feasibility And Acceptability Of A Pediatric Primary Care Physician Training For Anxiety Screening And Psychoeducation, Julie A. Wojtaszek
Feasibility And Acceptability Of A Pediatric Primary Care Physician Training For Anxiety Screening And Psychoeducation, Julie A. Wojtaszek
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Anxiety is one of the most prevalent psychological conditions in the pediatric population with significant impacts that often extend into adulthood. Pediatricians are in a unique position to screen and briefly intervene to facilitate early treatment and prevent long-term sequelae, but they often do not have adequate training. The current study addressed this gap with a brief online educational workshop that had two aims: to promote (a) screening for anxiety and (b) appropriate evidence-based interventions. Fifty-three providers participated, and 38 completed surveys preand post-training. Findings support the acceptability of the training, improved knowledge related to anxiety, and an increased readiness …
Dyadic Analysis Of Positive And Negative Social Support Behaviors And Psychological Outcomes In Romantic Couples, Lucas H. Parnell
Dyadic Analysis Of Positive And Negative Social Support Behaviors And Psychological Outcomes In Romantic Couples, Lucas H. Parnell
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The current study examined the effect of social support behaviors on psychological adjustment in couples. Couples (N = 123) completed surveys assessing depressive and anxiety symptoms. Observational support interactions were conducted to measure partners’ positive and negative affective support behaviors. Structural equation modeling and actor-partner interdependence models (APIM) were used to estimate effects. Results highlight the unfavorable effects of negative social support behaviors on one’s own depression symptoms. Additionally, men’s, but not women’s, negative support behaviors were found to be associated with elevated partner depression symptoms. No significant predictors were found in models predicting anxiety. The combination of partners’ …
Initial Evaluation Of The Reliability And Validity Of An Assessment-Based Approach To Identifying And Addressing Barriers To Caregiver Treatment Adherence, Elah Sunde
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Caregiver-mediated behavioral interventions are a critical and evidence-based treatment of childhood behavioral concerns. However, caregivers face many barriers to adherence that can reduce the effectiveness of these interventions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a training protocol delivered over telehealth within an integrated behavioral health setting, evaluate the reliability and validity of an assessment tool (i.e., the Performance Diagnostic Checklist - Parent), and examine patterns of engagement (e.g., missed sessions, dropout rates) that caregivers experienced. Eight caregivers enrolled in the study and received a child-directed interaction protocol, which included instruction, a video model and skill …
The Impact Of Early Social Factors On Trajectories Of Internalizing Behavior Problems Within Maltreated Foster Care Youth, Ethan Michael Paschall
The Impact Of Early Social Factors On Trajectories Of Internalizing Behavior Problems Within Maltreated Foster Care Youth, Ethan Michael Paschall
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Children who experience maltreatment are at an increased risk for developing internalizing problems. Little is known about long-term symptom trajectories of children placed in foster care following maltreatment. This study used contemporary growth mixture modeling to assess symptom trajectories of 322 youth from the Consortium for Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect Southwest site placed in foster care due to maltreatment. Internalizing symptom trajectories were assessed using Child Behavior Checklist caregiver reports. This study examined the relationship between early social factors (i.e., social support, unpopularity, aggression, cognitive ability, trauma exposure) and trajectories of future internalizing symptoms. Results indicate a …
Social Media Use In Adolescence: Longitudinal Relationships With Social Functioning And Psychopathology, Aidan P. Schmitt
Social Media Use In Adolescence: Longitudinal Relationships With Social Functioning And Psychopathology, Aidan P. Schmitt
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Social media use and psychopathology are both prevalent during adolescence; however, the relationship between these two variables is not yet fully understood. Research on these topics is generally myopic in that it focuses on a brief window of time (e.g., cross-sectional studies), a small number of variables (e.g., hours spent per day; depressive symptoms), and uses single reporters and measures (e.g., adolescent report using a questionnaire). Extant literature shows moderate relationships between frequency of social media use and depressive symptoms; however, most studies do not use statistical methods that investigate bidirectionality or parse apart between-person and within-person effects, so effects …
Coping Styles As A Moderator Between Body Dissatisfaction And Maladaptive Eating Behaviors, Maisy Seale
Coping Styles As A Moderator Between Body Dissatisfaction And Maladaptive Eating Behaviors, Maisy Seale
Senior Honors Theses and Projects
Body dissatisfaction and eating disorders are prevalent and concerning issues for adolescent girls. Coping styles have been linked to disordered eating behaviors. Little research has tied coping with body dissatisfaction and eating disorders. When this has been done, there have not been significant results. This study was designed to see if there could be significant results for negative coping as a moderator between body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behavior. Adolescent girls aged 11 to 18 years old participated by completing online questionnaires. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to test the hypothesis of negative coping as a moderator between body dissatisfaction …
Pursuit Of Happiness: How Perceived Financial Autonomy Affects Happiness In College Students, Maxwell Andrews
Pursuit Of Happiness: How Perceived Financial Autonomy Affects Happiness In College Students, Maxwell Andrews
Senior Honors Theses and Projects
Does having control over how you spend your money influence happiness? Prior research has asked to what extent money positively influences happiness and about the factors/contexts that make it so. This study examines one of those factors on how individual reports of happiness and positive affect are influenced by the realization of financial independence (having the ability to make fully independent decisions on how one spends their finances). It was hypothesized that people who have financial independence (or imagine having that independence) will be more likely to report greater amounts of happiness and positive affect after thinking about finances, as …
Ptsd Endorsement Among Diverse Populations During Covid-19 Pandemic, Noor Jassim
Ptsd Endorsement Among Diverse Populations During Covid-19 Pandemic, Noor Jassim
Senior Honors Theses and Projects
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health diagnosis that is a reaction to very stressful experiences. PTSD may hamper the quality of life for individuals suffering from it. It has been shown that being part of disadvantaged groups racially and socioeconomically may pose a higher risk of experiencing PTSD. The stress component of PTSD is the imbalance between the demands of an environment and an individual's ability to cope. A mismatch between degree of demands and coping ability influences psychological and physiological well-being. The impact on well-being varies by stress being acute, chronic, or a combined state of acute …
Assessing The Relationship Between Audience And Sport Performance In Competition During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Noah Perrin
Assessing The Relationship Between Audience And Sport Performance In Competition During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Noah Perrin
Senior Honors Theses and Projects
The COVID-19 pandemic has created an environment in sports in which players are performing in the absence of crowds. This study analyzed the performance of 12 teams and 11 players in games played with and without an audience over a period of three years in collegiate basketball. It was expected that in games with crowds, simple tasks (free throws) would be more successful and complex tasks (field goals) would be less successful compared to games without crowds. The second hypothesis predicted that home performances would be better than away performances in seasons with crowds, but there would be no difference …
Pathways From Parental Adverse Childhood Experiences To Child Emotion Regulation: The Role Of Parent Emotion Regulation And Emotion Socialization, Sarah E. Freeman
Pathways From Parental Adverse Childhood Experiences To Child Emotion Regulation: The Role Of Parent Emotion Regulation And Emotion Socialization, Sarah E. Freeman
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study evaluates the mediating role of parent emotion regulation (ER) and parent emotion-related socialization behaviors (ERSBs) in the relation between parent adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and child ER. Caregivers of children ages 2 through 5 (inclusive) completed traditional and expanded ACEs scales, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale Short Form, the Coping with Toddlers’ Negative Emotions Scale, and the Emotion Regulation Checklist. Data analysis involved correlation and mediation analyses. Parent difficulties in ER statistically mediated the association between parent ACEs and child ER such that a higher expanded ACEs score was associated with more parent difficulties in ER, …
Perceptions Of Female Gender Norm Violations: The Case Of Occupation And Body Hair, Kacie M. Kinkade
Perceptions Of Female Gender Norm Violations: The Case Of Occupation And Body Hair, Kacie M. Kinkade
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Many studies have looked at perceptions or attitudes toward women who violate a single type of gender norm but not the effect of multiple gender norm violations. The purpose of this study was to examine the perception and perceived success of a female who violated either body hair norms and/or occupational norms as part of her online dating profile. Two hundred eighty participants were asked to read one of four online dating profiles where the occupation was either kindergarten teacher or mechanic (e.g., occupational norm maintained or violated) and shaving products were either utilized or not utilized (e.g., body hair …
Covid-19 And Its Impact On Perceptions Of Healthcare And Health-Related Behaviors, Quinn Higgins
Covid-19 And Its Impact On Perceptions Of Healthcare And Health-Related Behaviors, Quinn Higgins
Senior Honors Theses and Projects
The purpose of this project was to discover how certain psychological, structural, and demographic variables have contributed to people’s attitudes and perceptions regarding the COVID-19 pandemic and how it has impacted people’s everyday lives. The goal of this research was to understand how these variables, as well as individual’s knowledge of the current pandemic, their access to resources, and how they perceive and adhere to suggested safety behaviors can help us to discover why certain populations are significantly affected by COVID- 19. In particular, this research focused on how participants’ perceptions of healthcare and the support that they receive from …
The Impact Of Father Involvement And Socioeconomic Status On Child Behavior Problems, Delaney Hansen
The Impact Of Father Involvement And Socioeconomic Status On Child Behavior Problems, Delaney Hansen
Senior Honors Theses and Projects
Research has indicated that child behavior is highly influenced by both the quantity and quality of father involvement. Despite the awareness of the important role father’s play, many parenting studies fail to focus on the father-child relationship. Furthermore, lower income families are especially important to examine due to the increased risk of lower father involvement. Identifying sources of resilience in low-income communities is needed. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between father involvement, socioeconomic status and child behavior outcomes. The data was derived from a sample of 52 parent-child dyads recruited from an urban Head …
Examining The Intention-Behavior Gap: The Impact Of The Food Environment On The Eating Behaviors Of Low-Income African American Women, Karen Glownia
Examining The Intention-Behavior Gap: The Impact Of The Food Environment On The Eating Behaviors Of Low-Income African American Women, Karen Glownia
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The current study investigated environmental barriers to the intention-behavior gap. The food environment was examined as a moderator between motivation for healthy living and actual eating behavior. A sample of 55 low-income African American women (Mage = 30.25, SD = 7.46) completed self-report motivation and eating behavior questionnaires. The food environment was measured by the number and proportion of healthy and unhealthy food retailers in one’s neighborhood using ArcGIS mapping software. The results showed that greater motivation was associated with less unhealthy eating when there was relatively equal access to nearby unhealthy and healthy food retailers. When given …
Parenting, Neighborhood Characteristics, And Disruptive Child Behavior In Low-Income African American Families, Alyssa Buthman
Parenting, Neighborhood Characteristics, And Disruptive Child Behavior In Low-Income African American Families, Alyssa Buthman
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to further examine the multifaceted relationship between parenting, neighborhood characteristics, and child disruptive behavior. Examining data from a low-income, African American preschool sample, this study investigated how self-reported neighborhood characteristics and observed parenting behaviors uniquely predicted observed disruptive behavior in children. Findings supported the strong relationship between parenting behaviors and child disruptive behavior where parenting sensitivity and engagement were predictive of fewer child disruptive behaviors while verbal and physical parenting interference and intrusiveness was predictive of greater disruptive child behavior. Neighborhood characteristics did not directly relate to parenting or child behaviors. However, neighborhood characteristics …
Primary Care Behavioral Health In The Time Of Covid-19, Michael Vriesman
Primary Care Behavioral Health In The Time Of Covid-19, Michael Vriesman
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
People are commonly receiving mental health treatment from primary care providers rather than from behavioral health providers. To address this issue, the healthcare system has begun to integrate behavioral health providers into primary care clinics, known as integrated primary care (IPC). Research suggests that IPC can lead to a number of benefits, including increased likelihood of patients receiving the appropriate standard of care, as well as reduction in healthcare costs due to medical cost offset. While IPC is a promising method of healthcare delivery, additional research is needed to optimize this system. Additionally, the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has …
Avatars And Empathy: The Use Of Video Games To Affect Prejudicial Evaluations Of African Americans, Christopher J. Corr
Avatars And Empathy: The Use Of Video Games To Affect Prejudicial Evaluations Of African Americans, Christopher J. Corr
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
This research sought to test the relation between video game avatars (online representations of the self), empathy, social dominance orientation, and prejudice. By having participants imagine playing in a game as an avatar I sought to test three hypotheses. Th first hypothesis proposed that that participants would be more inclined to support policies regarding a specific racial group when imagining play as an avatar representing that group. The second hypothesis proposed that empathy would influence the connection between the avatar and participant race variables. The third, which was split into three parts, tested for a negative correlation between prejudice and …
Screening For Energy Restriction In Middle And Late Life, Kate Happel Krautbauer
Screening For Energy Restriction In Middle And Late Life, Kate Happel Krautbauer
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The most commonly used screening tools for disordered eating, the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and Eating Disorders Examination–Questionnaire (EDE-Q), rely on the detection of shape and weight concerns to identify potentially dangerous caloric restriction among adolescent girls and young adult women. It is unclear how accurate these measures are at detecting restriction among adults 40 years and older. These adults may be vulnerable to developing or maintaining restrictive eating patterns when healthcare providers recommend weight loss as a preventative health measure or when acute or chronic illnesses (e.g., diabetes or cancers) impact eating. The present online study (a) evaluated the …
The Role Of Caregiver-Reported Emerging Social Attention In Predicting Duration Of Orienting And Social Communication, Casey E. Swick
The Role Of Caregiver-Reported Emerging Social Attention In Predicting Duration Of Orienting And Social Communication, Casey E. Swick
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Early identification of atypical development could lead to opportunities for earlier intervention, ultimately improving developmental outcomes. Early signs of atypical attention, social attention, and social communication development emerge in infancy, yet age at diagnosis of neurodevelopmental difficulties does not typically occur until well after the first year of life. In order to achieve this goal of early identification, sensitive and accessible tools are needed to identify infants at risk for atypical development. This study examined whether caregivers could report on emerging social attention behaviors in the first days to weeks of life with a novel, experimental scale (PediaTrac SSIP). This …
Predictors Of Treatment Outcome In A Family-Based Hospitalization Program For Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa, Kellsey Launius
Predictors Of Treatment Outcome In A Family-Based Hospitalization Program For Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa, Kellsey Launius
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Family-based treatment (FBT) is the first-line treatment for adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN). Although FBT works for many, it does not work for everyone. The current study explored variables that are believed to impact treatment outcome in FBT, (a) initial weight gain, (b) parental criticism, and (c) obsessive-compulsive features, and investigated three additional factors expected to predict positive treatment outcome, (d) fear of food, (e) exposure to feared foods, and (f) parent-child concordance. Participants were 240 children, adolescents, and young adults with AN or other specified feeding or eating disorder (OSFED) enrolled in a family-based partial hospitalization program (PHP). Pearson …
Daily Functioning And Compliance To Health Precautions In Relation To Covid-19, Alexander N. Karl
Daily Functioning And Compliance To Health Precautions In Relation To Covid-19, Alexander N. Karl
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study cross-sectionally investigated the moderating effect of vaccination status on the relationship between COVID-19 related anxiety and functional impairment, and the moderating effect of health literacy on the relationship between source of COVID-19 information (e.g., healthcare providers, public health organizations, liberal media outlets, and conservative media outlets) and preventative measure compliance. Participants (N = 126) completed an online survey via Prolific that measured their functional impairment, anxiety, health literacy, precaution compliance, and level of trust of various sources of COVID-19 information. Vaccination status did not significantly moderate the relationship between participants’ anxiety and functional impairment, and health literacy …
A Comparison Of Forensic Populations Using The Validity Scales On The Mmpi-3, Steven W. Steinert
A Comparison Of Forensic Populations Using The Validity Scales On The Mmpi-3, Steven W. Steinert
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Examining the impact of different factors influencing the validity of an individual’s self-report during a psychological assessment is important in ensuring valid clinical findings and useful recommendations. These factors are often referred to as response biases. There are multiple types of response bias that can negatively influence the validity of self-reports in clinical assessment contexts. Specifically, individuals undergoing an assessment can be impacted by non-contentbased response bias, overreporting, and underreporting of psychological impairment and/or distress. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) instruments are amongst the leading tools within professional psychology used to identify response bias. The most recent iteration, the MMPI-3, …
The Relationship Between Introversion/Extroversion And Covid-19 Health Precautions, Kalie Luckett
The Relationship Between Introversion/Extroversion And Covid-19 Health Precautions, Kalie Luckett
Senior Honors Theses and Projects
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic health precautionary measures taken by individuals is an area of great interest in the field of psychology today because of the immense change to social dynamics, safety practices, and interpersonal relationships that occurred. This study looked at 125 U.S. participants and was able to find correlations between introversion/extroversion and the COVID-related precautions taken by individuals. The hypotheses for the study were supported by the data and introverts were more likely to continue taking health precautions throughout the pandemic, while extroverts in the study were less likely to want to continue to take health and …