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Articles 31 - 60 of 81
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Studying Gambling Experimentally: The Value Of Money, Jeffrey N. Weatherly, Ellen Meier
Studying Gambling Experimentally: The Value Of Money, Jeffrey N. Weatherly, Ellen Meier
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
Determining whether “gambling” behavior in the laboratory differs as a function of whether or not participants are risking actual money is important because the outcome will determine whether results from laboratory research can be genera-lized to actual gambling. Eighteen participants played video poker in two sepa-rate sessions. In one, they risked credits that had no monetary value and in the other they risked credits worth money. Results showed that participants played a similar number of hands and played with similar accuracy regardless of whether or not the credits had monetary value. However, participants risked significantly fewer credits when the credits …
Assessing And Manipulating The Illusion Of Control Of Video Poker Players, Mark R. Dixon, James W. Jackson, Jennifer Delaney, Bethany Holton, Martha C. Crothers
Assessing And Manipulating The Illusion Of Control Of Video Poker Players, Mark R. Dixon, James W. Jackson, Jennifer Delaney, Bethany Holton, Martha C. Crothers
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
The present investigation explored the presence of illusory control in recreation-al video poker players. Using a multi-monitor computer which allowed for two different types of games to be presented concurrently, one on each monitor, players were allowed to freely choose which game they wished to play. One option allowed for the player to select the cards they wished to hold and discard, while the other option was designed such that the computer automatically se-lected the most probabilistically optimal sequence of cards to hold and discard. In the first experiment, two groups of ten participants were exposed to one of two …
Rats Playing A Slot Machine: A Preliminary Attempt At An Animal Gambling Model, Jeffrey N. Weatherly, Adam Derenne
Rats Playing A Slot Machine: A Preliminary Attempt At An Animal Gambling Model, Jeffrey N. Weatherly, Adam Derenne
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
Due to certain ethical and procedural considerations, it is not possible to con-duct certain experimental studies on human gambling behavior. Animal mod-els of gambling may hold some utility because they can possibly overcome these considerations. The present experiment was a first attempt to establish an animal model of gambling by having rats play a “slot machine.” Rats pressed a lever on a fixed-ratio 5 schedule of reinforcement. In the Cue conditions, a bank of stimulus lights flashed after the completion of the ratio, with the pattern of lights that subsequently remained illuminated signaling what consequence would be received (i.e., a …
Commentary The Alloplastic Nature Of Pathological Gambling, Nancy M. Petry, Gegory J. Madden, John M. Roll
Commentary The Alloplastic Nature Of Pathological Gambling, Nancy M. Petry, Gegory J. Madden, John M. Roll
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
No abstract provided.
Commentary Getting There: Commentary On "Toward An Intergrative Behavioral Model Of Gambling" By Weatherly And Dixon, Charles A. Lyons
Commentary Getting There: Commentary On "Toward An Intergrative Behavioral Model Of Gambling" By Weatherly And Dixon, Charles A. Lyons
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
No abstract provided.
Commentary Intergrative Model Or Fracturing Framework: Better We Hedge Our Bets, Mark P. Reilly, Andrew T. Fox
Commentary Intergrative Model Or Fracturing Framework: Better We Hedge Our Bets, Mark P. Reilly, Andrew T. Fox
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
No abstract provided.
Commentary Verbal Relations And The Behavior Analysis Of Gambling, Simon Dymond, Robert Whelan
Commentary Verbal Relations And The Behavior Analysis Of Gambling, Simon Dymond, Robert Whelan
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
No abstract provided.
In Response An Intergrative, Not Necessarily Comprehensive, Behavioral Model Of Gambling, Mark R. Dixon, Jeffrey N. Weatherly
In Response An Intergrative, Not Necessarily Comprehensive, Behavioral Model Of Gambling, Mark R. Dixon, Jeffrey N. Weatherly
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
No abstract provided.
The Role Of "Experience" When People Gamble On Three Different Video-Poker Games, Jeffrey N. Weatherly, David P. Austin, Katie Farewell
The Role Of "Experience" When People Gamble On Three Different Video-Poker Games, Jeffrey N. Weatherly, David P. Austin, Katie Farewell
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
The present experiment was designed to determine if and how experience might alter individuals’ gambling when playing video poker. Twelve self-identified “experienced” poker players and 12 self-identified “novices” were recruited to play video poker across three different sessions. A different game (i.e., Jacks or Better, Bonus Poker, or Loose Deuces) was played in each session, with these games differing in what strategies were optimal. “Experienced” participants displayed more knowledge of poker than their “novice” counterparts. However, the only observed difference in the gambling between “experienced” and “no-vice” players was in how much they bet per hand, with “experienced” players betting …
Using Winpoker 6.0 To Study Gambling Behavior, James W. Jackson
Using Winpoker 6.0 To Study Gambling Behavior, James W. Jackson
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
Previous technical efforts have described how custom computer programs for the study of gambling behavior may be created to allow for the manipulation of variables not readily available in natural gambling contexts, however many people may lack the technical repertoires necessary to make such efforts feasible. The current paper discusses how a commercially available Video-Poker simula-tion and training software package, WinPoker 6.0, may be employed to study gambling behavior.
Perceptions Of Luck: Near Win And Near Loss Experiences, Dustin Daugherty, Otto H. Maclin
Perceptions Of Luck: Near Win And Near Loss Experiences, Dustin Daugherty, Otto H. Maclin
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
Current research examining gambling behaviors has tended to focus on structur-al features such as the “near miss” phenomenon. Until now this research has focused mainly on a near “win” situation and ignored what can be considered a near “loss” situation (Wohl & Enzle, 2003). The present study compared the effects of participants‟ (N=132) near win/loss situations when playing a Wheel of Fortune slot-machine program designed to manipulate near wins and near losses. Near win/loss events were presented at a rate of 15, 30, or 45 percent of the total trials during an acquisition phase. Participants experiencing near win situations at …
The Effects Of Relatedness And Order Of Anagrams On The Ability To Recall, Dana Castrellon, Mai Ozaki, Sarah Staley
The Effects Of Relatedness And Order Of Anagrams On The Ability To Recall, Dana Castrellon, Mai Ozaki, Sarah Staley
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
This paper discusses the effects of the relatedness and order in which words are presented on a person’s ability to solve anagrams. One of the hypotheses was that it would be easier to recall anagrams if they were related and presented in the same order as the study sheet. The other was that a person would more easily recall words if they are related rather than unrelated. Forty-eight participants were recruited and asked to complete two of four anagrams tests. The results of a one-way MANOVA examining the effect of consistency of item order did not reveal statistically significant results. …
Why Do You Come To Lu?, Sara Hawkins, Amanda Schmidt
Why Do You Come To Lu?, Sara Hawkins, Amanda Schmidt
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
The purpose of this study was to examine the reasons that people attend and continue to attend Lindenwood University. We examined 129 surveys completed by current Lindenwood University students. The survey asked a variety of questions, including demographic data, resident/commuter status, and what the student likes/dislikes about Lindenwood. There were two hypotheses for this study. Our first hypothesis was that commuter students would attend class more often than resident students. Our second hypothesis was that scholarships/funding was the top reason that students chose to come to Lindenwood. While our second hypothesis did yield statistical significance, our first one did not. …
Gender Bias In Peer Grading Among Undergraduate Students, Elizabeth Dalton
Gender Bias In Peer Grading Among Undergraduate Students, Elizabeth Dalton
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
Using the observation that people refer to their own genders when talking about an unknown author, one might infer that people might relate to authors of their same sex. If this is true, this could be a gender bias as people could attribute good qualities of an unknown author to their gender. This led to an investigation of gender bias in peer grading where students were thought to attribute better grades on a paper if the author is their same sex. Participants were separated into three groups separated by the knowledge of the author’s gender then asked to grade a …
I Changed My Mind, Jodi Curtis, Adam Saito
I Changed My Mind, Jodi Curtis, Adam Saito
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
Some might say that college is a time for people to find out what they want to do with the rest of their lives. Students select fields based on their interest, to study and further turn into a career. Some students become unsatisfied with their choice, or even find interest in another field. This leads to students making the decision to change their major and pursue another major. In this paper, it is hypothesized that due to exposure to different, required, general education classes of different fields, students change their majors. Data was collected from students enrolled in capstone classes, …
Gender And Other Social Effects In People’S Perceptions Of Domesticated Animals, Clayton Wagner Bell, A. Hayden Brown
Gender And Other Social Effects In People’S Perceptions Of Domesticated Animals, Clayton Wagner Bell, A. Hayden Brown
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
It is no secret that people possess radically differing opinions and philosophical beliefs regarding domesticated animals. These contradictory perceptions are especially evident when examining people’s thoughts regarding the mental capabilities of animals and issues related to animal welfare. To determine whether or not gender and social environments play a role in these various perceptions, a survey was formulated and randomly distributed to 1000 undergraduate students across the University of Arkansas campus. Upon examination of the survey results, some very intriguing correlations became apparent. Of particular interest were the differences between the perceptions of males and females regarding domesticated animals. Women …
Effects Of Letter Transposition In Subliminal Primes On Perceived Content Of Abstract Images, C.S. Bailey, Amanda K. Harsin, Suzie Heffernan
Effects Of Letter Transposition In Subliminal Primes On Perceived Content Of Abstract Images, C.S. Bailey, Amanda K. Harsin, Suzie Heffernan
The Journal of Undergraduate Research
Subliminal presentation of a stimulus can influence responses to later stimuli. This effect is known as priming. The current study used Microsoft PowerPoint as a novel, low-cost paradigm to present experimental stimuli. Thirty-one undergraduate participants viewed a PowerPoint presentation that contained conditions with no, with unscrambled, and with center-scrambled sexually-themed messages. The effects of gender, counterbalancing, and type of message on perceived sexual content in experimenter-made inkblots was assessed. The current study failed to find any significant differences or interaction effects between any of the variables. A post-hoc analysis revealed a significant priming effect. Possible confounding variables and suggestions for …
Cell Phone Usage And Autonomy In College Students, Jonathon Lassiter, Jessica Hill, Kelli Fain, Kevin Lamb
Cell Phone Usage And Autonomy In College Students, Jonathon Lassiter, Jessica Hill, Kelli Fain, Kevin Lamb
The Corinthian
This study aimed to determine cell phone usage differences in dependency upon family and friends between upper division (3rd & 4th year undergraduates) and lower division (1st & 2nd year undergraduates) males and females. Subjects consisted of 270 students at a public liberal arts university in the southeastern United States. Participants in the study were administered an online survey that consisted of 31 questions assessing their cell phone usage. Cell phone usage in this study was defined as engaging in verbal communication on a cellular phone. Dependency was measured by the number of calls and length of calls one reportedly …
Assessing Observed Character Strengths In Groups Using Streamed Video And Video Ipods, Jonathan P. Floyd
Assessing Observed Character Strengths In Groups Using Streamed Video And Video Ipods, Jonathan P. Floyd
The Corinthian
Positive psychology is a developing trend in modern psychological studies. Among the many facets of positive psychology are the values in action signature strengths, a collection of 24 positive attributes that are related to basic good character traits in all people. These strengths were recognized and researched as a way in which to cultivate good character through examining the positive side of individuals. The research examined the effectiveness of the values in action signature strengths survey as an evaluation tool to be used in group development activities.
A Case Study Of Pathological Gambler Wagering At Golf, James Borderi, James W. Jackson, Mark R. Dixon
A Case Study Of Pathological Gambler Wagering At Golf, James Borderi, James W. Jackson, Mark R. Dixon
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
The present single case design explored the degree to which a pathological gambler’s golf performance would be affected by monetary consequences. Using an AB design, a twenty-three year old pathological gambler initially hit 10 golf balls on a computerized golfing game that interfaced with Playstation2’s “Tiger Woods PGA Tour 2006”. Following baseline, the participant was informed that he would be paid 20 dollars if his next 10 swings were closer to the golf hole than the prior 10 swings. The introduction of the monetary consequences resulted in the participant increasing shot variability and decreas-ing shot accuracy.
Review Of "Gambling: Behavior Theory, Research, And Application" By Patrick M. Gheezi, Charles A. Lyons, Mark R. Dixon, And Ginger R. Wilson (Eds.), Simon Dymond, Jennifer L. Austin, Alice Hoon, Sara Tepaeru Minster
Review Of "Gambling: Behavior Theory, Research, And Application" By Patrick M. Gheezi, Charles A. Lyons, Mark R. Dixon, And Ginger R. Wilson (Eds.), Simon Dymond, Jennifer L. Austin, Alice Hoon, Sara Tepaeru Minster
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
Behavior analysis has not devoted much research attention to understanding or treating gambling behavior, yet it clearly has much to offer. Recently, the advent of this journal and other developments has helped to increase the need for, and relevance of, behavior analytic approaches to the study of gambling behavior. The edited volume by Ghezzi, Lyons, Dixon, and Wilson (2006) is testimony to this growing interest. In an effort to further delineate the behavior analysis of gambling behavior, Ghezzi and colleagues have produced a compelling and timely scholarly overview of behavioral research on understanding and treating disorders associated with gambling. The …
Manipulating Contextual Control Over Simulated Slot Machine Gambling, Alice Hoon, Simon Dymond, James W. Jackson, Mark R. Dixon
Manipulating Contextual Control Over Simulated Slot Machine Gambling, Alice Hoon, Simon Dymond, James W. Jackson, Mark R. Dixon
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
Situational or contextual factors involved in slot machine gambling, such as colors, are assumed to play an important role in initiating and maintaining gambling. However, there is little empirical evidence for this assumption. The present study sought to investigate the effects of manipulating two contextual factors (the background colors of computer-simulated slot machines) on participants‟ responding to two concurrently available slot machines. Following a pretest, a nonarbitrary relational training and testing procedure was used to establish contextual functions of MORE-THAN and LESS-THAN for two cues. During posttest, participants allocated the majority of their responses to the slot machine that shared …
Why Behavior Analysts Should Study Gambling Behavior, Mark R. Dixon
Why Behavior Analysts Should Study Gambling Behavior, Mark R. Dixon
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
The field of behavior analysis has been applied to solve many problems facing our society. Differential allocation of behavioral research to certain applied problems has resulted in positive changes in those areas while other areas re-main underserved. Problem and pathological gambling are areas of concern in our society which have been minimally addressed by behavior analysts. Rea-sons for the underrepresentation of research in gambling are discussed and poss-ible solutions to foster a behavioral understanding of and treatment for problem gamblers are presented.
Toward An Integrative Behavioral Model Of Gambling, Jeffrey N. Weatherly, Mark R. Dixon
Toward An Integrative Behavioral Model Of Gambling, Jeffrey N. Weatherly, Mark R. Dixon
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
Although the activity of gambling and the research on gambling continues to grow every year, behavior analysts have contributed minimally to the published literature. Theories of gambling abound from social to neurological frameworks, yet empirical data supporting such tenets is less than overwhelming. The science of behavior analysis often seeks data first and theory later. As a result, in the absence of a large body of data, behavior analysis has yet to put forward a comprehensive theoretical account of gambling behavior. Albeit limited, the behavioral data continue to emerge and collectively they begin to represent the foundation upon which a …
Commentary Delay Discounting And Problem Gambling, Andrew Cooper
Commentary Delay Discounting And Problem Gambling, Andrew Cooper
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
No abstract provided.
The Gambling Functional Assessment (Gfa): An Assessment Device For Identification Of The Maintaining Variables Of Pathological Gambling, Mark R. Dixon, Taylor E. Johnson
The Gambling Functional Assessment (Gfa): An Assessment Device For Identification Of The Maintaining Variables Of Pathological Gambling, Mark R. Dixon, Taylor E. Johnson
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
The present paper describes the rationale and presents an assess-ment device for the identification of functional control of patholog-ical gambling behavior. It is suggested in this paper that only through identification of function and eventual treatment based on such function will interventions for the treatment of pathological gamblers become successful. A 20-item self-report format as-sessment is presented along with the scoring key for the instru-ment. Suggestions for future research on the psychometrics of the proposed instrument are presented along with implications for use in both research and clinical treatment facilities.
Treatment Of Compulsive Gambling, Erik Arntzen, Jorn Stensvold
Treatment Of Compulsive Gambling, Erik Arntzen, Jorn Stensvold
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
A program for treatment of compulsive gambling is presented. The participant in the study was a 27-year old teacher. Before the treatment started he spent about $3.700 a month and his debt because of gambling was 60 000 dollars. The procedure included different parts; self-recording, establishment of alternative and incompatible behavior, relapse prevention and restrictions in access to money. To ensure that it was not the prevention from the access to money that stopped the use of money spent on gambling, thus, a couple of days every month participant had access to a certain amount of money. After the start …
Prologue, Michiko Nohara-Leclair
Prologue, Michiko Nohara-Leclair
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
Prologue.
Math Magician: A Study On Distraction And Testing Ability, Brad Fincher, Kate Nelson, Carter Bray
Math Magician: A Study On Distraction And Testing Ability, Brad Fincher, Kate Nelson, Carter Bray
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
The problem with distraction in schools today could be affecting student’s learning. Our hypothesis is that students who are confronted with a distraction do not do as well as students who are not confronted with distractions while doing homework. There was a total of thirty five participants. The procedure was for participants in the experimental group would begin doing a math worksheet and a distraction (cell phone ring tone) would be introduced. For participants in the control group they would do the math worksheet in silence with out distraction. The results showed that the distraction did not affect the participant’s …
Homophones With Dual Interpretations As Affected By Temperature, Jamie Fritz
Homophones With Dual Interpretations As Affected By Temperature, Jamie Fritz
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
This study investigated the effect of temperature on selection of neutral and negative connotations. Homophones, words with two meanings with the same pronunciations, with a neutral and negative connotation were used to detect differences in temperature environments (75 or 85 F). Homophones were selected based on their use in a study by J. B.Halberstadt, P.M. Niedenthal, and J. Kushner (1995) where homophone-meaning selection was affected by “happy” and “sad” music played during the experiment. The current study did not find statistical significance between the two temperatures to reject the null hypothesis, but demonstrated the need for further study in this …