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Articles 91 - 106 of 106
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Neuropsychological Functioning And Attrition Rates In Outpatient Substance Dependence Treatment, Sandra M. Adams
Neuropsychological Functioning And Attrition Rates In Outpatient Substance Dependence Treatment, Sandra M. Adams
Dissertations (1934 -)
Numerous neuropsychological factors have been associated with substance dependence, however, very few studies have evaluated the relationship of the neuropsychological functioning and attrition rates in substance dependence treatment. This study examined the relationship of neuropsychological functioning and attrition rates in 68 homeless, substance dependent men participating in outpatient treatment at the 7C's Community Counseling Clinic located in the Guesthouse of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. A neuropsychological battery including the Delis Kaplan Executive Functioning System, the Conners' Continuous Performance Test II, the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) and the Wechsler Test of Adult Reading was given to all participants to evaluate neuropsychological …
Neuropsychological Assessment Of Executive Functioning And Its Association With Depressive Symptomology, Erica Jean Kalkut
Neuropsychological Assessment Of Executive Functioning And Its Association With Depressive Symptomology, Erica Jean Kalkut
Dissertations
The current study explored the construct of executive functioning and neuropsychological measurement techniques used to assess executive functioning (EF). Two current comprehensive measures of executive functioning include the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning-Adult Version (BRIEF-A) and the Delis-Kaplan Executive Functioning System (D-KEFS). The BRIEF-A is a self-report questionnaire that reportedly assesses behaviors associated with EF, and the D-KEFS is a battery of tests that are objectively administered by a trained examiner to directly measure different manifestations of EF ability. This study examined the relationship between gender and general intellectual ability on EF and investigated each measure's construct validity in …
Assessment Of Memory Function And Effort Using The Wechsler Memory Scale - 4th Edition, Justin B. Miller
Assessment Of Memory Function And Effort Using The Wechsler Memory Scale - 4th Edition, Justin B. Miller
Wayne State University Dissertations
Even the most psychometrically sound measures are sensitive to the level of effort put forth by the examinee and their intent. This is especially true for measures of memory functioning that are a common target of negative response bias and withholding effort. The aim of the present study was to develop methods for detecting these behaviors for the current edition of the Wechsler Memory Scale, 4th Edition (WMS-IV) using a community sample of healthy adults coached to simulate traumatic brain injury (TBI) and a sample of bona fide TBI survivors. The primary analytic strategy involved generation of prediction models to …
The Neuropsychological Deficits In Cannabis Users : Does Motivation Play A Role?, Rayna Beth Ericson
The Neuropsychological Deficits In Cannabis Users : Does Motivation Play A Role?, Rayna Beth Ericson
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Prior research of the neuropsychological functioning of cannabis users has yielded mixed results, in that some studies identified differences compared to non-users, while others found no group differences at all. A meta-analysis revealed a small effect of cannabis use on the cognitive domains of learning and forgetting, while domains such as attention and processing speed yielded no effect (Grant et al., 2003). However, none of the previous studies assessed the participants' motivation to perform well on the assessment, which may have influenced the results. The present study sought to determine whether motivation is differentially demonstrated in cannabis users compared to …
Subtypes Of Memory Impairment In Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, Nicole C. Mickley
Subtypes Of Memory Impairment In Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, Nicole C. Mickley
Psychology Dissertations
Memory impairments are common in individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). This is understandable given that temporal lobe brain structures involved in TLE play a central role in encoding memories. It is widely accepted that individuals whose seizure focus is in the left temporal lobe (LTLE) tend to have verbal memory impairments, whereas individuals whose seizure focus is in the right temporal lobe (RTLE) tend to have visuospatial memory impairments. However, evidence of functional subdivisions within the left and right temporal lobes in both the animal and human literature suggest that more specific subtypes of memory impairment may exist in …
Neural Replay : A Possible Mechanism For Differing Rehersal Strategies Across Parity, Cassie Brooke Jones
Neural Replay : A Possible Mechanism For Differing Rehersal Strategies Across Parity, Cassie Brooke Jones
Master's Theses
All mammalian females undergo behavioral and neurological changes during pregnancy and motherhood. Many of these changes lead to an enhanced ability to be an effective mother including: increased memory, foraging behaviors, and boldness. Here, we examined the differences in rehearsal strategies between mother and virgin rats. Stops made by rats when exploring their environment have been found to result in reverse replay activity in the hippocampus (Foster & Wilson, 2006). Reverse replay is sequential replay that occurs in the hippocampus immediately after a spatial experience; this replay/activation is in reversed order of the initial spatial episode (Foster & Wilson, 2006). …
Neuropsychological Functioning In Social Phobia, Scott Sutterby
Neuropsychological Functioning In Social Phobia, Scott Sutterby
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of the current study was to clarify the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying social phobia. Previous research has identified some specific group differences in neurocognitive functioning between individuals diagnosed with social phobia and nonpsychiatric controls, but has failed to administer a comprehensive neuropsychological battery to a social phobia patient group, resulting in a piecemeal understanding of the neurocognitive functioning of this population and an incomplete picture of the neuropsychological profile inherent to this group. The present research utilized a broader collection of neuropsychological tests to assess nine cognitive domains: Verbal Learning, Verbal Delayed Memory, Visual Immediate Memory, Visual Delayed Memory, …
Developing New Indices For The Identification Of Poor Effort, Scott A. Magnuson
Developing New Indices For The Identification Of Poor Effort, Scott A. Magnuson
ETD Archive
The purpose of this study is to gather data in order to develop new indices to aid clinicians in more accurately distinguishing between patients feigning posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and those with genuine PTSD. Participants were administered a battery of tests that included the Digit Span, Digit Symbol, Trail Making Test (TMT), and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) twice, once while performing genuinely and again while simulating PTSD. The results of this study found that trails 21-25 of part A of the TMT are a good indicator of poor effort. This measurement was found to have high sensitivity (90.7 …
Boston Naming Test Performance In Young Adults : An Investigation Of Ethnocultural And Educational Factors In Performance And Emotional Response, Julie Elizabeth Horwitz
Boston Naming Test Performance In Young Adults : An Investigation Of Ethnocultural And Educational Factors In Performance And Emotional Response, Julie Elizabeth Horwitz
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The rapidly growing ethnic minority population and increasing focus on cultural awareness and sensitivity within psychology have led to calls for expanded research on minority and cross-cultural issues. Despite this recognized need, ethnic minority and cross-cultural research within neuropsychology continues to lag behind similar research in other areas of psychology, and those studies published have generally utilized older adult samples. In addition, although research in this area has predominantly focused on performance differences between different ethnocultural groups, recent discussion on various neuropsychology listserves has focused on the emotional salience of the noose item on the Boston Naming Test (BNT). Therefore, …
Evalutaion Of Embedded Malingering Indices In A Non-Litigating, Relief Seeking Sample: A Partial Cross-Validation Using Control, Clinical, And Derived Groups, Russell D. Pella
Evalutaion Of Embedded Malingering Indices In A Non-Litigating, Relief Seeking Sample: A Partial Cross-Validation Using Control, Clinical, And Derived Groups, Russell D. Pella
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Researchers have recently noted college students fail validity measures and base rate data are needed for students meeting Slick et al.’s criteria (1999) for malingering. The association between meeting Slick Criteria and subsequent recommendations (i.e., to receive external gain) is unknown as is the diagnostic utility of embedded validity indices in this population. The authors utilized archival data from: 1) a university psychological clinic (n = 986) and 2) a university student control sample (n = 182). Measures included the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III, Wechsler Memory Scale-III, and Personality Assessment Inventory. Empirically supported embedded validity indices were utilized to retrospectively …
Neurocognitive Deficits And Functional Outcome In Bipolar Disorder, Danielle T. Bello
Neurocognitive Deficits And Functional Outcome In Bipolar Disorder, Danielle T. Bello
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Bipolar disorder affects approximately 1% of the population. It is a severe and debilitating illness, causing serious impairment of interpersonal, occupational and social functioning. The disorder is characterized by marked mood swings as well significant neurocognitive deficits. Based on work with other psychiatric and neurological disorders, neurocognitive deficits in bipolar disorder are expected to be strong predictors of functional capacity. However, few studies have evaluated the consequences of neurocognitive deficits in this disorder. Most available studies have focused on the clinical correlates of functional outcome, such as number of hospitalizations, age of disorder onset, and severity of symptoms. While useful, …
Clinical Applications Of Fmri: An Adaptation Of A Standard Neuropsychological Battery, Alina K. F. Ichimura
Clinical Applications Of Fmri: An Adaptation Of A Standard Neuropsychological Battery, Alina K. F. Ichimura
Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this study is to advance the utility of functional brain imaging as a tool for the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders by creating a statistical database of functional MRI (fMRI) brain activation patterns collected from neurologically and psychiatrically unimpaired subjects. Continuous fMRI scans have been obtained from each subject while s/he performed a variety of cognitive tasks that are commonly found in standard neurological and cognitive assessment batteries. The collected fMRI data has been processed, analyzed, and converted into database which can be used as a reference of reliable indices of normal brain activity patterns for …
Humor Perception: The Contribution Of Cognitive Factors, Erin Baldwin
Humor Perception: The Contribution Of Cognitive Factors, Erin Baldwin
Psychology Dissertations
Most of the extant humor research has focused on humor comprehension with only a few studies investigating humor appreciation as a separate construct. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the relation between humor and underlying cognitive processes. Literature on brain injured individuals has indicated that working memory, verbal and visual-spatial reasoning, cognitive flexibility, and concept formation are related to performance on comprehension tests of humor. In this study, cognitive processes underlying both verbal and nonverbal humor were investigated in a sample of healthy young adults. There is evidence that semantic and phonological humor are associated with different neural …
Top-Down Modulation By Medial Prefrontal Cortex Of Basal Forebrain Activation Of Auditory Cortex During Learning, Candice Monique Chavez
Top-Down Modulation By Medial Prefrontal Cortex Of Basal Forebrain Activation Of Auditory Cortex During Learning, Candice Monique Chavez
Theses Digitization Project
The experiment tested the hypothesis that the acetylcholine (ACh) release in the rat auditory cortex is greater in rats undergoing auditory classical conditioning compared to rats in a truly random control paradigm where no associative learning takes place and that this is mediated by prefrontal afferent projections influencing the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM), which in turn modulates ACh release in neocortex. Rats with bilateral ibotenic acid lesions of medial prefrontal and agranular insular cortices were tested in an auditory classical conditioning task while ACh was collected from the primary auditory cortex. It was hypothesized that lesions of these prefrontal areas …
Cholinergic Basal Forebrain Involvement In The Acquisition Of Differential Reinforcement Of Low Rate Responding Tasks In Rats, Sean Ryan Corley
Cholinergic Basal Forebrain Involvement In The Acquisition Of Differential Reinforcement Of Low Rate Responding Tasks In Rats, Sean Ryan Corley
Theses Digitization Project
It was hypothesized that 192 IgG-saporin lesions of the basal forebrain cholinergic system (BFCS) would disrupt differential reinforcement of low rate (DRL) learning in an uncued DRL task, but would not impair acquisition and performance in the cued version of the task. Results suggest that BFCS lesions impair vigilance to the external cues despite continued practice in the cued DRL, whereas continuous attention to internally produced cues recovers with extended practice in the uncued DRL.
Effects Of Neurofeedback Training On Objective And Subjective Measures Of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder In Children, Carolyn Mary Nott Mccollum
Effects Of Neurofeedback Training On Objective And Subjective Measures Of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder In Children, Carolyn Mary Nott Mccollum
Theses Digitization Project
No abstract provided.