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Articles 61 - 82 of 82
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Influence Of Vocal And Verbal Cues On Ratings Of Interview Anxiety And Interview Performance, Ryan O. Miller, Brianne L. Gayfer, Deborah M. Powell
Influence Of Vocal And Verbal Cues On Ratings Of Interview Anxiety And Interview Performance, Ryan O. Miller, Brianne L. Gayfer, Deborah M. Powell
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
In two studies, we examined the effect of the presence (versus absence) of vocal cues on judges’ ratings of interview anxiety and interview performance. In Study 1, we designed an experiment in which participants rated either a high-anxiety candidate or a low-anxiety candidate and were exposed to either an audio version of the interview or a text-only version. In Study 2, we added a third condition—a text-only version with filler words (um and ah) cleaned out. In two online studies (n = 72 and n = 411), we found that the high-anxiety interviewee was rated higher on observer-rated anxiety and …
A Meta-Analysis Of Hiring Discrimination Against Muslims And Arabs, Timothy Bartkoski, Ellen Lynch, Chelsea Witt, Cort Rudolph
A Meta-Analysis Of Hiring Discrimination Against Muslims And Arabs, Timothy Bartkoski, Ellen Lynch, Chelsea Witt, Cort Rudolph
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Muslim and Arab individuals are discriminated against in almost all domains. Recently, there has been a focus on examining the treatment of these groups in the work setting. Despite the great number of primary studies examining this issue, there has not yet been a quantitative review of the research literature. To fill this gap, this meta-analysis examined the presence and magnitude of hiring discrimination against Muslim and Arab individuals. Using 46 independent effect sizes from 26 sources, we found evidence of discrimination against Muslim and Arab people in employment judgments, behaviors, and decisions across multiple countries. Moderator analyses revealed that …
Special Issue - Call For Papers: Applications Of Judgment And Decision Making To Problems In Personnel Assessment, Edgar E. Kausel, Alexander T. Jackson
Special Issue - Call For Papers: Applications Of Judgment And Decision Making To Problems In Personnel Assessment, Edgar E. Kausel, Alexander T. Jackson
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
No abstract provided.
Content Of Qualitative Feedback Provided During Structured, Confidential Reference Checks, Cynthia A. Hedricks, Disha Rupayana, Leigh Puchalski, Chet Robie
Content Of Qualitative Feedback Provided During Structured, Confidential Reference Checks, Cynthia A. Hedricks, Disha Rupayana, Leigh Puchalski, Chet Robie
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
The present study used text analytics software to examine the unstructured (or qualitative) data provided by job references during confidential, multi-rater reference checks. With respect to both work-related strengths and areas of improvement, job references more frequently provided words or short phrases relating to “soft skills” such as working with others and communication as opposed to “hard skills” such as computer programming or mathematics. While some commonalities across jobs were found to exist, the frequency of identified categories for both work-related strengths and areas of improvement did differ across jobs.
Investigating Three Approaches Of Using Personality To Predict Competency-Based Performance, Blaine Gaddis, Brandon Ferrell
Investigating Three Approaches Of Using Personality To Predict Competency-Based Performance, Blaine Gaddis, Brandon Ferrell
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Organizations often use competencies to drive human capital initiatives such as recruitment, selection, training, and promotion. To serve such organizations, practitioners now offer various competency-based research solutions incorporating personality assessments to predict these competencies. Each approach begins by mapping competencies from an organization’s model to scientific models backed by synthetic and content validity evidence to align personality dimensions with each competency. This helps determine which personality dimensions drive performance for each competency. In this paper, we compare scale-based profiles, subscale-based algorithms, and scale-based algorithms to investigate the consistency of scores across methods and how effective each method is in predicting …
Critical Analytic Thinking Skills: Do They Predict Job-Related Task Performance Above And Beyond General Intelligence?, Sara Beth Elson, Robert Hartman, Adam Beatty, Matthew Trippe, Kerry Buckley, John Bornmann, Elaine Bochniewicz, Mark Lehner, Liliya Korenovska, Jessica Lee, Les Servi, Alison Dingwall, Paul E. Lehner, Maurita Soltis, Mark Brown, Brandon Beltz, Amber Sprenger
Critical Analytic Thinking Skills: Do They Predict Job-Related Task Performance Above And Beyond General Intelligence?, Sara Beth Elson, Robert Hartman, Adam Beatty, Matthew Trippe, Kerry Buckley, John Bornmann, Elaine Bochniewicz, Mark Lehner, Liliya Korenovska, Jessica Lee, Les Servi, Alison Dingwall, Paul E. Lehner, Maurita Soltis, Mark Brown, Brandon Beltz, Amber Sprenger
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Employers and government leaders have called attention to the need for critical thinking skills in the workforce, while business trends toward evidence-based decision making also highlight the increasing importance of the critical thinking skill set. Although studies have examined the relationship of critical thinking to behaviors or job performance, many have missed a key component: incremental predictive validity of critical thinking beyond cognitive ability. The current study defines critical thinking, presents results from a test development effort in which the conceptual definition was operationalized as a measure of critical analytical thinking skills for government analysts, and presents results of a …
Creating Test Score Bands For Assessments Involving Ratings Using A Generalizability Theory Approach To Reliability Estimation, Charles Scherbaum, Marcus Dickson, Elliott Larson, Brian Bellenger, Kenneth Yusko, Harold Goldstein
Creating Test Score Bands For Assessments Involving Ratings Using A Generalizability Theory Approach To Reliability Estimation, Charles Scherbaum, Marcus Dickson, Elliott Larson, Brian Bellenger, Kenneth Yusko, Harold Goldstein
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
The selection of a method for estimating the reliability of ratings has considerable implications for the use of assessments in personnel selection. In particular, the accuracy of corrections to validity coefficients for unreliability and test score bands are completely dependent on the correct estimation of the reliability. In this paper, we discuss how generalizability theory can be used to estimate reliability for test score bands with assessments involving ratings. Using selection data from a municipal entity, we demonstrate the use of generalizability theory-based compare the implications of its use in test score banding compared to the traditional approach.
Video Killed The Interview Star: Does Picture-In-Picture Affect Interview Performance?, Ryan G. Horn, Tara S. Behrend
Video Killed The Interview Star: Does Picture-In-Picture Affect Interview Performance?, Ryan G. Horn, Tara S. Behrend
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Although technology-mediated selection interviews have become more prevalent in practice, research on this phenomenon has failed to keep pace. One pressing need is to understand the dimensions upon which technology-mediated interviews might differ from one another. Particular aspects of synchronous video technology may negatively affect interviewees and those negative effects may be exacerbated by the evaluative nature of the interview. We explored this question by investigating the effects that one such aspect, the picture-in-picture window, has on interviewees. This study used a 2 (picture-in-picture vs. no picture-in-picture) x 2 (evaluative framing vs. non-evaluative framing) between-subjects experimental design to test the …
Timeliness Is Key To The Candidate Experience, Ann Marie Ryan, Abdifatah Ahmed Ali, Terry Hauer, Jillyan French-Vitet
Timeliness Is Key To The Candidate Experience, Ann Marie Ryan, Abdifatah Ahmed Ali, Terry Hauer, Jillyan French-Vitet
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Effective talent attraction is a competitive advantage for organizations. This study examined the spillover effect of recruitment delays on signals important for organizational attraction. A diverse sample of 563 candidates evaluated their most recent recruitment experience. Using moderated regression and relative importance analysis, timeliness dissatisfaction dampened the positive effects of organizational prestige and opportunity to perform although these effects are greater earlier in the recruitment process. We discuss the contributions of this study and provide recommendations for recruitment practice.
Using O*Net To Develop A Framework Of Job Characteristics To Potentially Improve The Predictive Validity Of Personality Measures, Jeremy Burrus, Jason D. Way
Using O*Net To Develop A Framework Of Job Characteristics To Potentially Improve The Predictive Validity Of Personality Measures, Jeremy Burrus, Jason D. Way
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
It has long been theorized that we can improve prediction of job-related behavior from measures of personality by identifying job characteristics that allow for the expression of individual differences (e.g., Mischel, 1968). Using O*NET data, the current paper develops a framework for job characteristics that could improve the extent to which we can predict behavior from personality. More specifically, it investigates relationships between Work Styles, Generalized Work Activities, and Work Context variables. Job characteristics varied in importance as a function of four Work Styles composites: achievement, people orientation, stability, and attention to detail, and the relationships were largely …
Stop Interrupting Me! Examining The Relationship Between Interruptions, Test Performance And Reactions, Amie D. Lawrence, Ted B. Kinney, Matthew S. O'Connell, Kristin M. Delgado
Stop Interrupting Me! Examining The Relationship Between Interruptions, Test Performance And Reactions, Amie D. Lawrence, Ted B. Kinney, Matthew S. O'Connell, Kristin M. Delgado
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Unproctored testing (UIT) is common, and mobile testing is increasing rapidly, which means applicants are completing assessments in a variety of test environments. Little is known about how differences in the test environment affect candidate test performance and reactions. This study examines interruptions in the UIT test environment to better understand what interruptions candidates are experiencing and how they influence candidate outcomes. The results show that candidates are being interrupted in a UIT context. Interrupted candidates scored lower on test performance and reported less favorable applicant reactions. Interruptions happen and they do matter. Implications for organizations and practitioners are discussed.
A Public-Domain Personality Item Bank For Use With The Raymark, Schmit, And Guion (1997) Pprf, Scott Highhouse, Michael J. Zickar, Margaret E. Brooks, Charlie L. Reeve, Shreya T. Sarkar-Barney, Robert M. Guion
A Public-Domain Personality Item Bank For Use With The Raymark, Schmit, And Guion (1997) Pprf, Scott Highhouse, Michael J. Zickar, Margaret E. Brooks, Charlie L. Reeve, Shreya T. Sarkar-Barney, Robert M. Guion
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Presented is the development of a repository of work-related personality items that may be used to assess job-related traits identified by the Personality-Related Position Requirements Form (PPRF: Raymark, Schmit, & Guion, 1997). Analyses of the item pool administered to a sample (n = 412) of trade apprentices showed evidence to support the12 work-related Big 5 sub-dimensions identified by the PPRF. A smaller validity study (n = 47) suggested that personality dimensions identified as job-related by the PPRF were related to important job-related outcomes.
Threat Of Technological Unemployment: Are Hiring Managers Discounted For Using Standardized Employee Selection Practices?, Kevin P. Nolan, Nathan T. Carter, Dev K. Dalal
Threat Of Technological Unemployment: Are Hiring Managers Discounted For Using Standardized Employee Selection Practices?, Kevin P. Nolan, Nathan T. Carter, Dev K. Dalal
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Two studies were conducted to examine the tenability of Meehl’s (1986) “threat of technological unemployment” explanation for why practitioners of employee selection resist using standardized decision-making practices. The results of Study 1 support the existence of this threat by demonstrating that practitioners received less credit for the outcomes of employment decisions when structured rather than unstructured interviews were used to evaluate candidates and analytical rather than holistic data combination was used to determine candidates’ overall evaluations. The results of Study 2 support the influence of this threat on employee selection by demonstrating that practitioners recognized the effects using the standardized …
Technology In The Employment Interview: A Meta-Analysis And Future Research Agenda, Nikki Blacksmith, Jon C. Willford, Tara S. Behrend
Technology In The Employment Interview: A Meta-Analysis And Future Research Agenda, Nikki Blacksmith, Jon C. Willford, Tara S. Behrend
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
The use of technology such as telephone and video has become common when conducting employment interviews. However, little is known about how technology affects applicant reactions and interviewer ratings. We conducted meta-analyses of twelve studies that resulted in K=13 unique samples and N=1,557. Mean effect sizes for interview medium on ratings (d=-.41) and reactions (d=-.36) were moderate and negative, suggesting that interviewer ratings and applicant reactions are lower in technology-mediated interviews. Generalizing research findings from face-to-face interviews to technology-mediated interviews is inappropriate. Organizations should be especially wary of varying interview mode across applicants, as …
Individual Differences Predicting Impression Management Detection In Job Interviews, Nicolas Roulin
Individual Differences Predicting Impression Management Detection In Job Interviews, Nicolas Roulin
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Applicant impression management (IM), and especially its deceptive side (i.e., faking), has been described as a potential threat to the validity of employment interviews. This threat was confirmed by evidence of interviewers’ inability to detect (deceptive) IM tactics. Previous studies suggested that some interviewers could be better IM detectors than others, but did not examine the reasons explaining higher abilities. Building on interpersonal deception theory, this study explores individual differences in cognitions (i.e., cognitive ability) and social sensitivity (associated with generalized trust and honesty) as predictors of IM detection abilities. Results of a study with 250 individuals suggest that these …
Using Technology To Improve The Interview As A Selection Tool, Brad A. Chambers, John D. Arnold
Using Technology To Improve The Interview As A Selection Tool, Brad A. Chambers, John D. Arnold
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Using the extant literature on best practices in the selection interview, this paper describes a technology-based selection interview system. The process includes interviewer training and certification, and the construction of standardized interview guides. Linked to a common set of human abilities and skills, answers to the questions and probes are evaluated using behaviorally anchored rating scales for each of a number of competency elements. The process described can be used to help ensure quality interviewing practices following these principles are used in organizations conducting multiple interviewers at different sites. How to use this process to address various research objectives is …
Assessment Of Personality Through Behavioral Observations In Work Simulations, Andrew B. Speer, Neil Christiansen, Christopher Honts
Assessment Of Personality Through Behavioral Observations In Work Simulations, Andrew B. Speer, Neil Christiansen, Christopher Honts
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
This study outlines the development of a rating scale designed to measure personality-related behavior in the context of work simulations. The tool, labeled the Work Simulation Personality Rating Scale (WSPRS), was validated in an assessment center by rating the personality of 123 assessment center participants. Scores from the WSPRS were correlated with corresponding traits from a self-reported personality inventory, and a Trait Activation Potential (TAP) framework was adopted to predict which traits would display best convergence based on assessment center observations. Correlations between the WSPRS dimensions and self-report trait scales ranged from .11 (Neuroticism) to .31 (Extraversion), with the rank-order …
Identifying The Strongest Or The Weakest Link: Effects On Subsequent Ratings, William S. Weyhrauch, Satoris S. Culbertson
Identifying The Strongest Or The Weakest Link: Effects On Subsequent Ratings, William S. Weyhrauch, Satoris S. Culbertson
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
The current study investigated the effect of a negative designation performance rating purpose in contrast to a positive designation purpose or a deservedness purpose on a) the ability of raters to differentiate amongst ratees at a later time and b) raters' tendencies to provide subsequently more severe or lenient ratings. Results from a laboratory study involving 102 participants indicated that positive designations tend to result in subsequently lenient ratings, while negative designations result in severe ratings. However, the nature of a rater’s previous decision had no discernable effect on the ability to differentiate levels of performance. Implications of these findings …
The Interactive Influence Of Ambition And Sociability On Performance In A Behavior Description Interview, Allen I. Huffcutt, Satoris S. Culbertson, Allen P. Goebl
The Interactive Influence Of Ambition And Sociability On Performance In A Behavior Description Interview, Allen I. Huffcutt, Satoris S. Culbertson, Allen P. Goebl
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
The purpose of this study was to present and empirically test the potential influence on ratings in a behavior description interview (BDI) of the personality traits ambition and sociability, two facets of extraversion. Results suggest a relatively strong role for ambition in the administration and outcomes of BDIs in organizational selection, particularly when its interaction with sociability is taken into consideration. In a sample of 85 participants working in entry-level positions, the correlation with BDI ratings was .22 for ambition alone, which increased to .44 when sociability and its interaction with ambition were added. Adding sociability by itself to ambition …
The Validity Of Individual Psychological Assessments For Entry-Level Police And Firefighter Positions, Ilianna H. Kwaske, Scott B. Morris
The Validity Of Individual Psychological Assessments For Entry-Level Police And Firefighter Positions, Ilianna H. Kwaske, Scott B. Morris
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Although individual psychological assessment is widely used in employee selection, the empirical research on the validity of individual assessments is sparse. A multi-stage, multi-site study examined the validity of individual assessments for police officer and firefighter positions. Results showed that assessor judgments were largely unrelated to standardized test results, and that both assessor judgments and standardized tests were only weakly related to job performance ratings. Differences in validity across assessors were also found, with some assessors providing better predictions than others.
Cloud-Based Meta-Analysis To Bridge Science And Practice: Welcome To Metabus, Frank A. Bosco, Piers Steel, Frederick L. Oswald, Krista Uggerslev, James G. Field
Cloud-Based Meta-Analysis To Bridge Science And Practice: Welcome To Metabus, Frank A. Bosco, Piers Steel, Frederick L. Oswald, Krista Uggerslev, James G. Field
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Although volumes have been written on spanning the science-practice gap in applied psychology, surprisingly few tangible components of that bridge have actually been constructed. We describe the metaBUS platform that addresses three challenges of one gap contributor: information overload. In particular, we describe challenges stemming from: (1) lack of access to research findings, (2) lack of an organizing map of topics studied, and (3) lack of interpretation guidelines for research findings. For each challenge, we show how metaBUS, which provides an advanced search and synthesis engine of currently more than 780,000 findings from 9,000 studies, can provide the building blocks …
Editorial: Why A New Journal?, Scott Edward Highhouse
Editorial: Why A New Journal?, Scott Edward Highhouse
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
No abstract provided.