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Articles 1 - 30 of 59
Full-Text Articles in Political Science
The Charismatic Revolutionary Leadership Trajectories Of Fidel Castro And Lázaro Cárdenas: From Guerrillas To Heads Of State In The Age Of Us Imperialism, Joseph J. Garcia
The Charismatic Revolutionary Leadership Trajectories Of Fidel Castro And Lázaro Cárdenas: From Guerrillas To Heads Of State In The Age Of Us Imperialism, Joseph J. Garcia
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
After attempting to overthrow the government of Fulgencio Batista in 1953, Fidel Castro fled to Mexico where he, his brother, Raul Castro, Ernesto Che Guevara, and other revolutionaries were later jailed by the Mexican government under the orders of the Batista dictatorship to be returned to Cuba. Using his knowledge of the Mexican Revolution, Castro wrote a letter asking for help from former president and revolutionary general, Lázaro Cárdenas, appealing to his sense of revolutionary history and social justice. Cárdenas was impressed by this young revolutionary and worked to obtain political asylum for he and his comrades. This allowed Castro …
Moroccan Islamists Debate The Causes Of Violent Extremism, Jack V. Kalpakian
Moroccan Islamists Debate The Causes Of Violent Extremism, Jack V. Kalpakian
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Using Moroccan sources associated with the Islamist movement, this paper outlines the theological and political challenges facing Morocco in terms of violent extremism, especially those posed by certain Wahhabi and Salafist views that reject mainstream Moroccan Islam. It outlines the state’s response to terrorism and evaluates its causes as offered by several Islamist Moroccan intellectuals.
Morocco’S Makhzen And The Challenge Of National Development, Zakaria Fatih
Morocco’S Makhzen And The Challenge Of National Development, Zakaria Fatih
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
This article explores the question of national development in Morocco considering the institution of the makhzen. It asserts that to adequately assess Morocco’s national development as a post-colonial country, it is necessary to rely on an economic model based in politics rather than in theories exclusively informed by classical and neoclassical economics. Among the key economists called upon to investigate the validity of politics in discussions of national development and income inequality are the following: Simon Kuznets, Thomas Piketty, W. A. Lewis, and the duo Daron Acemoglu and James A. Robinson, all of whom continue a long tradition of economic …
Is India Becoming More Liberal? Globalization, Economic Liberalization, And Social Values, Tinaz Pavri
Is India Becoming More Liberal? Globalization, Economic Liberalization, And Social Values, Tinaz Pavri
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
India has undergone tremendous change in its economy and polity since its economic liberalization starting in the early 1990s. Globalization and liberalization have, in addition to coinciding with a dramatically increased GDP, increased the presence of global entities and the number of foreign nationals in India, and accelerated the spread of social media. The period has also been marked by a significant increase in xenophobic violence against women, religious minorities and LGBTQ individuals. In light of this sea-change in the country, I examine available survey data on social values of Indians (including young Indians) over the last decade, to see …
Political Homophobia As A State Strategy In Russia, Nikita Sleptcov
Political Homophobia As A State Strategy In Russia, Nikita Sleptcov
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
This article examines the current state strategy of political homophobia used by the Russian government to create a sense of national identity by scapegoating Russian homosexuals as "foreign agents," reinforcing the power of the governing elite, and distracting people's attention from government misconduct.
U.S. - Russian Relations: Dissonance Of Ideologies, Elena N. Glazunova
U.S. - Russian Relations: Dissonance Of Ideologies, Elena N. Glazunova
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
This paper examines Russian and American ideologies and their influence on the foreign policies of both countries in historical retrospective and today. The paper especially illustrates the role of ideology in Russia and U.S. relations during different periods with different intensity. In the relatively “calm” periods of history ideology was not that noticeable. However, at other times, Russia and the United States have engaged in a clash of ideologies that provided a powerful impulse to the formation of new models of international relations. Despite the post-Cold War hope that there would be less ideology in international relations in recent decades …
Putin's 'Eastern Pivot': Divergent Ambitions Between Russia And China? Evidence From The Arctic, Thomas E. Rotnem, Kristina Minkova
Putin's 'Eastern Pivot': Divergent Ambitions Between Russia And China? Evidence From The Arctic, Thomas E. Rotnem, Kristina Minkova
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Focusing upon the warming Sino-Russian relationship in general, this paper also examines in particular both countries interests in the Arctic region. The paper begins with a brief overview of the developing Sino-Russian relationship since the late 1980s. After discussing the blossoming of friendlier ties during the Putin-Xi era, it reviews some of the arguments and assumptions that scholars have held predicting either an ever closer relationship or an eventual rupture in those relations. The paper then analyzes both countries’ interests in the Arctic realm, using this case study as evidence supporting the view that the Sino-Russian relationship–despite its many difficulties–has …
Is “This Guy” A Dictator? On The Morality Of Evaluating Russian Democracy Under Vladimir Putin, Amir Azarvan
Is “This Guy” A Dictator? On The Morality Of Evaluating Russian Democracy Under Vladimir Putin, Amir Azarvan
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Is it morally defensible to single Russian president, Vladimir Putin, out as a dictator? The popular impression that he is a dictator has been used to legitimize a dangerously adversarial policy towards what a U.S. Army general described as “the only country on earth…that could “destroy the United States.” I argue that this perception is in some ways misleading, and has contributed to escalating tensions with Russia, which is both unnecessary and harmful both to Russia and the U.S.
Ethnicity, Religion And Violence In Bosnia-Herzegovina, Jusuf Salih
Ethnicity, Religion And Violence In Bosnia-Herzegovina, Jusuf Salih
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
The violence that erupted in the Balkans at the end of the second millennium made fierce enemies of people who had lived together in peace as neighbors, friends, classmates, and married couples. Nationalism, chauvinism, and religious fanaticism quickly grew stronger, leading to the disappearance of centuries-long harmony among its inhabitants. Among the reasons for the conflict were the experienced communist leaders who skillfully used religious slogans to advance their campaigns; also, religious leaders became close associates to political leaders with hopes that they would attain the religious rights denied and limited during the old governance. As a result, nationalism and …
About The Contributors
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
No abstract provided.
The Foumban "Constitutional" Talks And Prior Intentions Of Negotiating: A Historico-Theoretical Analysis Of A False Negotiation And The Ramifications For Political Developments In Cameroon, Fonkem Achankeng
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
This paper links the nationalist conflict in postcolonial Cameroon to the prior intentions of the parties at the 1961 Foumban “Constitutional” Talks characterized by a false negotiation experience. I argue that the political developments in the Cameroon post-Foumban and the tensions that have led to outcomes such as the desire of British Southern Cameroons to “restore independence and sovereignty” resulted from the fact that the parties at the Foumban Constitutional conference had divergent prior intentions of the meeting, including false negotiating. In exploring the 1961 Foumban Talks, the framework through which the two former and separate UN Trust Territories under …
Anglo-French Negotiations Concerning Cameroon During World War I, 1914-1916: Occupation, "Condominium" And Partition, Lovett Z. Elango
Anglo-French Negotiations Concerning Cameroon During World War I, 1914-1916: Occupation, "Condominium" And Partition, Lovett Z. Elango
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Anglo-French disagreements over Cameroon during World War I and the efforts to resolve them both during the Allied campaigns in the territory and at the end of the war suggest that negotiation can occur even in wartime successfully. At the outbreak of the war Cameroon was a German territory like Tanganyika, South West Africa, and Togoland. The Anglo-French grand strategy and war aims were to seize these territories and oust the Germans from them. Consequently, Cameroon became the theater of an intense military struggle and a pawn of Anglo-French imperial rivalry fuelled by the conflicting territorial ambitions and claims of …
Faith-Based Organisations And Conflict Resolution In Nigeria: The Case Of The Christian Association Of Nigeria (Can), Paul Ilo
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
With so much emphasis on religion as a source of conflict, the role of religion and by extension religious actors as strong forces in conflict resolution is usually overlooked. For a long time, research in the Conflict Resolution field failed to focus on the role religion plays in conflict resolution (as opposed to its role in making conflicts intractable) or specifically to the unique features and strengths of faith-based actors in conflict resolution. In Nigeria, as well as in Africa and other parts of the world, faith-based organizations (FBOs) have been increasingly involved in attempts to end conflicts and make …
Beyond Moral Panic: Negotiation Theory And The University Strikes In Nigeria, Isaac Olawale Albert
Beyond Moral Panic: Negotiation Theory And The University Strikes In Nigeria, Isaac Olawale Albert
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
“Moral panic” is a concept of growing importance in the social sciences. It has to do with the emotional reaction of the media, the public, and agents of social control to an emerging or anticipated social problem. My paper uses this concept to portray how Nigerians react to the incessant industrial action by members of the Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU) since the 1990s. During these many strikes, which often last for months, Nigerian universities and private businesses domiciled in them are shut down. Members of the public often cast the Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU)/Federal Government (FG) …
Tackling Nigeria's Security Challenges: Negotiation Or What With Boko Haram?, Phillip E. Agbebaku, William E. Odion, Mary Fadal Edokpa
Tackling Nigeria's Security Challenges: Negotiation Or What With Boko Haram?, Phillip E. Agbebaku, William E. Odion, Mary Fadal Edokpa
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
For many years now Nigeria has been facing a plethora of security challenges. This includes the Niger Delta militants who engaged in disrupting oil exploration by kidnapping oil workers in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Their grievance was that the region that produces the wealth of the nation was neglected in terms of development. They wanted a better deal. The conflict situation improved with the declaration of Amnesty by the Yar’Adua administration. Another security challenge was posed by the Boko Haram insurgency. Boko Haram reared its ugly head in full force in 2011. The insurgency concentrated in the North …
Negotiating The Federal Accommodation: Minorities And The Issue Of The National Question In Nigeria, Tunde Agara
Negotiating The Federal Accommodation: Minorities And The Issue Of The National Question In Nigeria, Tunde Agara
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Ethnic minority tensions and agitations in Nigeria are important features of the on-going struggle to resolve the “national question” through convening the Sovereign National Conference, all in a bid to dialogue and negotiate a true federal system that incorporates and accommodate the minorities within the federal system. This paper suggests that the minority issue in Nigeria is deeply rooted in the complex triad of pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial historical and structural processes that have foisted and institutionalized the oppressive hegemony of the country’s three major ethnics over the minorities. To further illuminate this perspective, we have adopted Edward Azar’s Protracted …
The Negotiation Issues In Nigeria's Post-Independence Conflicts, Layi Egunjobi, Ndubuisi O. W. Odiaka
The Negotiation Issues In Nigeria's Post-Independence Conflicts, Layi Egunjobi, Ndubuisi O. W. Odiaka
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Nigeria which typifies the condition in most African countries, is bedeviled by disputes and conflicts which impact so negatively on the country’s economic growth and quality of life indices. Disputes usually range from local, tribal, and religious skirmishes to national, regional, and international engagements. These naturally involve negotiations in form of agreements, treaties, dialogues, and national conferences which may be conventional or cultural. At the same time, Nigeria’s nationhood is still being questioned and even threatened 100 years after unification and 54 years after independence. The basic argument in this paper is negotiation as a factor may have played a …
Getting On The Agenda: The Influence Of Local Civil Society Organizations During Pre-Negotiation, David R. Andersen-Rodgers
Getting On The Agenda: The Influence Of Local Civil Society Organizations During Pre-Negotiation, David R. Andersen-Rodgers
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
This article examines the types of strategies that different local civil society organizations use to get their issues addressed during a peace negotiation. Previous research has shown that the inclusion of civil society groups in a negotiation improves the likelihood for a durable peace. This paper argues that during conflict civil society organizations make a number of strategic choices that then affect their ability to get their societal interests placed on the agenda. These strategies are partially dictated by when and why the civil society group organized, the levels and types of advocacy that they choose to engage in during …
The False Promise Of Principled Negotiations, Victor Martinez Reyes
The False Promise Of Principled Negotiations, Victor Martinez Reyes
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
For over two decades, the method of principled negotiation has been the dominant formative approach to negotiation. Its flagship book, Getting to Yes (Fisher & Ury, 1981; Fisher, Ury, & Patton, 1991) remains the standard presentation of the method. Getting to Yes promotes the method of principled negotiation as an all-purpose strategy of negotiation. The authors of Getting to Yes developed the method of principled negotiation as an alternative to positional bargaining. In this article, the author contends that the method of principled negotiation is not the all-purpose strategy of negotiation promised in Getting to Yes. Furthermore, the author contends …
Introduction To The Special Edition, Akanmu G. Adebayo
Introduction To The Special Edition, Akanmu G. Adebayo
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
No abstract provided.
Front Matter
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Cover, editorial board, submission guidelines, subscription information, and table of contents for Vol. 9, No. 2.
Introducing Students To The Cinematic Art Of Akira Kurosawa And Hayao Miyazaki, Thomas Pynn
Introducing Students To The Cinematic Art Of Akira Kurosawa And Hayao Miyazaki, Thomas Pynn
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Following Donald Richie’s observation that the “Japanese film is richest in mood or atmosphere, in presenting characters in their own surroundings,” I introduce undergraduate students to the cinematic art of Akira Kurosawa and Hayao Miyazaki emphasizing each director’s use of mise-en-scène or the way in which the elements of the scene are arranged. For the purposes of the two courses (ASIA 4490/FILM 3220 and HONORS 4490: The Films of Kurosawa and Miyazaki), mise-en-scene was used strictly in reference “to the elements within a scene” or sequence of scenes “which places greater emphasis on pictorial values within a shot” or sequence …
She Who Laughs Loudest: A Meditation On Zen Humor, Andrew Whitehead
She Who Laughs Loudest: A Meditation On Zen Humor, Andrew Whitehead
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Articulating a Zen Buddhist perspective on humor, this paper examines the Japanese Zen Buddhist response of humor in the face of the suffering of situated existence and the motivations for this response. The examination will take the school of Rinzai Zen Buddhism as its exemplar. I argue that in order to appreciate the function of humor in Zen a number of cultural and historical influences must be considered: correlative ontology; the Buddhist notion of emptiness; the impotence of language; sense and nonsense; and the senselessness of transgression.
The Bubble Economy And The Lost Decade: Learning From The Japanese Economic Experience, William M. Tsutsui, Stefano Mazzotta
The Bubble Economy And The Lost Decade: Learning From The Japanese Economic Experience, William M. Tsutsui, Stefano Mazzotta
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
This paper presents a concise overview of Japan’s economic development since World War II, with a particular emphasis on the speculative boom of the 1980s known as the “bubble economy” and the subsequent period of economic stagnation known as the “Lost Decade.” The essay is largely descriptive. It provides an historical contextualization and interdisciplinary synthesis accessible to readers from a wide range of backgrounds, including those with limited formal expertise in economics.
Wasuren! ---We Won't Forget! The Work Of Remembering And Commemorating Japan's And Tohoku's (3.11) Triple Disasters In Local Cities And Communities, Millie Creighton
Wasuren! ---We Won't Forget! The Work Of Remembering And Commemorating Japan's And Tohoku's (3.11) Triple Disasters In Local Cities And Communities, Millie Creighton
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Based on estensive Fieldwork, this paper explores the needs of people and communities in hard hit areas of Japan's 3.11 triple disasters including Sendai, Fukushima, Ishinomaki, Kesennuma, Kamaishi, and Yoriage to commemorate the event and their dead, while redirecting efforts to the future. It discusses the activities of Sendai's Wasuren! (We Won't Forget!) Center to document the disaster and Project Fukushima! organized by Fukushima residents to consider the city's future after the nuclear disaster as well as examining memorials (as memoryscapes and mourning work) created by other communities in the region where the disaster occurred. It compares local narratives of …
Introduction To The Special Issue, Daniel J. Paracka, Masako Racel
Introduction To The Special Issue, Daniel J. Paracka, Masako Racel
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Introduction to the issue.
The Ninja: An Invented Tradition?, Stephen Turnbull
The Ninja: An Invented Tradition?, Stephen Turnbull
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
The ninja is a well known phenomenon in Japanese military culture. The popularity of the tradition is centered on the neighboring areas of Iga and Kōka where ninja are a profitable tourist attraction. This paper examines the historical sources on which the ninja tradition is based to see if the pre-eminence claimed by Iga and Kōka is justified. It is shown that they were no different from several other places in their geography or their politics and that only one reliable account of secret warfare can be identified before 1581, the year when Iga Province ceased to exist as an …
Japan's Food Security Issues: A Geopolitical Challenge For Africa And East Asia?, Thomas Feldhoff
Japan's Food Security Issues: A Geopolitical Challenge For Africa And East Asia?, Thomas Feldhoff
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
Japan’s food self-sufficiency ratio is remarkably low compared to other industrialized nations. Growing world population, food, water, and energy shortages in combination with climate change and the rising competition for the world’s limited resources are the transnational dimensions of food and nutrition security related risks that are already affecting Japan. This paper analyzes the development and institutional context of Japanese policies related to its food security, particularly in relation to its commitments to support developing countries and to promote food security in Africa. One dimension of particular interest is the Japanese engagement in large-scale land investments in Africa. ProSAVANA, Japan’s …
About The Contributors
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
No abstract provided.
Ethnicity And Voting Behavior In The Ashanti And Volta Regions Of Ghana: A Cramp In The Wheel Of A Fledgling Democracy?, Joseph Kingsley Adjei
Ethnicity And Voting Behavior In The Ashanti And Volta Regions Of Ghana: A Cramp In The Wheel Of A Fledgling Democracy?, Joseph Kingsley Adjei
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective
This paper discusses the substance and potential impact of ethnic block voting in two of Ghana's 10 political regions: Ashanti and Volta. Using the Electoral Commission of Ghana's dataset for five Presidential election results from 1992 to 2008, the paper confirms ethnic block voting in the two regions. The paper views the phenomenon as detrimental to Ghana's evolving democracy as it is a potential trigger for civil war, and recommends vigorous education, equitable distribution of resources, and comprehensive development to curb the problem.