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Articles 1 - 30 of 88
Full-Text Articles in Political Science
Building Capacity And Agency In Emergency Shelters In Paterson, Nj, Fanny Lauby
Building Capacity And Agency In Emergency Shelters In Paterson, Nj, Fanny Lauby
Department of Political Science and Law Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
This paper outlines a consistent issue with Paterson City’s communication across departments, resulting in a lack of accessible data at multiple levels and a reduced knowledge among social workers and program coordinators. These citywide issues have contributed to a culture of confusion. The city of Paterson is improperly pursuing the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)’s “Housing First” approach, resulting in a relative lack of housing programs - constituting a matter of long-term concern for the city.
Addressing Youth Cannabis Poisonings In Paterson, Nj, Fanny Lauby
Addressing Youth Cannabis Poisonings In Paterson, Nj, Fanny Lauby
Department of Political Science and Law Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
This report has found that various local stores within the city of Paterson have been packaging and displaying cannabis items in a similar fashion to candies popular with children, thus leading to instances of children purchasing these items and consuming them. This highlights issues surrounding enforcement of various New Jersey statutes regulating the distribution of cannabis items to those under the age of 21. This negligence at the hands of store owners has helped contribute to the increase of cannabis poisonings due to being so easily accessible by children. The increased normalization of cannabis uses with its legalization and the …
In The Cities, There Is Violence : Do Higher Levels Of Police Militarization Correlate With Police Use Of Lethal Force?, Brennan B. Sumner
In The Cities, There Is Violence : Do Higher Levels Of Police Militarization Correlate With Police Use Of Lethal Force?, Brennan B. Sumner
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Police violence has become a pressing issue in the United States. The topic of police militarization, as a consequence, has entered the public consciousness, and its effects have become a topic of concern. This paper will examine whether there is a correlation between higher levels of police militarization and higher rates of police use of lethal force from multiple perspectives. This paper will utilize a mixed methods research approach, combining historical analysis, critical literature review, and data analysis from thirty American cities. This paper will also discuss the public policy implications of police militarization and offer critiques therein.
Susceptibility To Online Disinformation, Ryan Christopher Lesica
Susceptibility To Online Disinformation, Ryan Christopher Lesica
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
In this article, I address the importance of finding tangible and viable solutions in minimizing susceptibility to online disinformation. I identify three main types of causal factors that lead to susceptibility: political, psychological, and technical; recognizing the implications of political polarization, news media, cognitive phenomena, algorithms, and online behavior that leads to saturation and susceptibility to false information. I argue that by thoroughly compartmentalizing causal variables into three main factors, each can then be addressed and solved in their own unique way. I analyze each factor, deriving reinforcing theories and evidence from various articles, experiments, and publications. I propose that …
Can Patent Trolls Be Stopped Without Interfering With An Individual’S Property Rights?, Talar Sahagian
Can Patent Trolls Be Stopped Without Interfering With An Individual’S Property Rights?, Talar Sahagian
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
This thesis seeks to analyze patent trolls and how they are able to prey on successful patented innovations to monopolize on profits, all while doing it legally. This research aims to answer the question if patent trolls can be stopped without infringing on an individual’s property rights. This study analyzes various legislation enacted to limit the actions of patent trolls, and if they are sufficient in their totality to prevent the trolls from making a profit off a patent(s), they have no intention of utilizing or have never used. The data will be analyzed to show if the enacted reform …
Pain That Only She Must Bear: On The Invisibility Of Women In Judicial Abortion Rhetoric, Francesca Laguardia
Pain That Only She Must Bear: On The Invisibility Of Women In Judicial Abortion Rhetoric, Francesca Laguardia
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The graphic and bodily facts of a legal question of rights are relevant to the courts, particularly in questions that directly implicate physical bodies and pain, such as right to die cases, or what level of search may be allowable and when. However, in the case of abortion, or more specifically the bodily ramifications of pregnancy and childbirth, this detail is conspicuously absent. This article, relying on a content analysis of over 220 legal opinions on abortion rights, documents this absence of rhetoric. Particularly in the context of other discussions of pain and physical health risks in these very same …
U.S. Policing As Racialized Violence And Control: A Qualitative Assessment Of Black Narratives From Ferguson, Missouri, Jason M. Williams
U.S. Policing As Racialized Violence And Control: A Qualitative Assessment Of Black Narratives From Ferguson, Missouri, Jason M. Williams
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
U.S. policing has long been captured within a master narrative of colorblind consensus; however, distinct lived experiences between community groups depict grave disparities in law enforcement experiences and perceptions. Orthodox conceptions of law enforcement ultimately silence marginalized voices disproportionately affected by negative contacts with law enforcement. Centering data in critical theory, this study will present thematic results from semi-interviews gathered in Ferguson, M.O., during a critical ethnographic research project. Themes reveal experiences and perceptions of racialized and violent policing, the unique position of Black officers, and regard for the impact police have on children. Results also help to foreground new …
Free-Speech Rights Versus Property And Privacy Rights: "Ag-Gag" Laws And The Limits Of Property Rights, Ian Drake
Department of Political Science and Law Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Beginning in the 1990s, private agricultural firms, research institutions, and their political allies began seeking governmental protection from undercover investigations conducted by animal rights activists. Some state governments responded by enacting statutes that regulate undercover investigatory behavior, creating statutory prohibitions on trespasses and on evidence gathering without permission and requiring undercover investigators to quickly turn over evidence of animal abuse or face civil and criminal fines and penalties (Lin 2015, 474). To date, three such state laws-popularly known as ag-gag laws, a term used by critics of the laws-have been successfully challenged based on claims that they violate First Amendment …
Panel Transcript Only, Kristin Kobes Du Mez, Stephen C. Finley, Bradley Onishi
Panel Transcript Only, Kristin Kobes Du Mez, Stephen C. Finley, Bradley Onishi
Rioting for Resurrection: Masculinity, White Supremacy, and Religion at the U.S. Capitol Insurrection
This file contains the video recording of the virtual panel and discussion. The official flyer for the event is also available here and contains the panel presenter's biographies.
Military Service And Offending Behaviors Of Emerging Adults: A Conceptual Review, Christopher Salvatore, Travis Taniguchi
Military Service And Offending Behaviors Of Emerging Adults: A Conceptual Review, Christopher Salvatore, Travis Taniguchi
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Focusing on the United States, this paper examines the impact of military service for the cohort of individuals that have experienced the social factors that characterize emerging adulthood as a unique stage in the life course. We argue that military service, as a turning point, may act differently in contemporary times compared to findings from past research. This difference is driven by changes in military service, the draft versus volunteer military service, and the prevalence of emerging adulthood. As a background, we describe emerging adulthood, examine how emerging adulthood relates to crime and deviance, explore the impact of military life …
The Trouble With Numbers: Difficult Decision Making In Identifying Right-Wing Terrorism Cases. An Investigative Look At Open Source Social Scientific And Legal Data, Daniela Peterka-Benton, Francesca Laguardia
The Trouble With Numbers: Difficult Decision Making In Identifying Right-Wing Terrorism Cases. An Investigative Look At Open Source Social Scientific And Legal Data, Daniela Peterka-Benton, Francesca Laguardia
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Terrorism research has gained much traction since the 9/11 attacks, but some sub genres of terrorism, such as right-wing terrorism, have remained under-studied areas. Unsurprisingly data sources to study these phenomena are scarce and frequently face unique data collection obstacles. This paper explores five major, social-scientific terrorism databases in regards to data on right-wing terrorist events. The paper also provides an in-depth examination of the utilization of criminal legal proceedings to research right-wing terrorist acts. Lastly, legal case databases are introduced and discussed to show the lack of available court information and case proceedings in regards to right-wing terrorism.
Federalism And The Limits On Regulating Products Liability Law, 1977-1981., Ian Drake
Federalism And The Limits On Regulating Products Liability Law, 1977-1981., Ian Drake
Department of Political Science and Law Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The political movement of the early 1980s that sought to increase manufacturer liability for defective products by converting state tort law into federal law raised core questions about federalism. The effort at wholesale federalization failed, and tort law has been (and largely remains) within the purview of the states. However, the tort federalization movement of the early 1980s, which by the end of that decade would become popularly known as" tort reform, did result in federal legislation affecting tort law in America. This article attempts to explain why tort law was never fully federalized during this period and how the …
The Rise Of Defense Spending In The United States, Ashlee Marie Vaca
The Rise Of Defense Spending In The United States, Ashlee Marie Vaca
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
The purpose of this paper is to examine the rise of defense spending in the United States. It is important to study the causation of increased U.S. defense spending because it currently holds the largest defense expenditure in the world, especially in most recent years. I am interested in understanding the reasoning behind these appropriated defense budgets. There are multiple factors to consider in determining the relationship between defense spending and the logic that justifies it. The use of federal resources and federal budgeting are a political process that has become a central issue in terms of government overspending for …
Reentry Court Judges: The Key To The Court, Christopher Salvatore, Venezia Michalsen, Caitlin Taylor
Reentry Court Judges: The Key To The Court, Christopher Salvatore, Venezia Michalsen, Caitlin Taylor
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Over the last few decades, treatment-oriented court judges have moved away from being neutral arbitrators in an adversarial court process to treatment facilitators. In the problem-solving court model, judges are part of a more therapeutic treatment process with program participants and a courtroom workgroup. The shift from the use of the traditional criminal justice process toward the use of more treatment-oriented models for some populations highlights the need to systematically document key elements of treatment court models. In particular, it is important to clearly document the role of Reentry Court Judges because they are a key component of the Reentry …
George W. Bush, Policy Selling And Agenda-Setting After 9/11, Gabriel Rubin
George W. Bush, Policy Selling And Agenda-Setting After 9/11, Gabriel Rubin
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
George W. Bush successfully set the agenda for an expansive, global war against terrorists after the 9/11 attacks. This agenda was not inevitable, it arose from an interpretation of events and of America’s adversaries that leaned on global conflict, cultural differences, and the presumption of evil intent. Bush’s speech-making successfully led to the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, civil liberty-reducing legislation, and a large institutional edifice dedicated to counterterrorism. The themes Bush’s speeches evoked and the agendas and policies that these speeches set are covered in this chapter.
How Can Presidents Properly Calibrate The Terror Threat?, Gabriel Rubin
How Can Presidents Properly Calibrate The Terror Threat?, Gabriel Rubin
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Presidential rhetoric has minimally changed from the narrative set by George W. Bush after the 9/11 attacks. Bush’s policies and agenda have also largely remained. This chapter provides proposals for change given the empirical and theoretical findings made in the book. The counterterrorist policy agenda needs to be narrowed and made more precise. The public needs to educate itself about the terror threat to understand that it is not a significant risk when weighed against others. Presidents need to be more careful with what words they use when describing America’s terrorist adversaries and with who they call terrorists. Recalibrating the …
Barack Obama: From An End To Terror To Drone Wars And Isis, Gabriel Rubin
Barack Obama: From An End To Terror To Drone Wars And Isis, Gabriel Rubin
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Barack Obama attempted to recalibrate presidential rhetoric on the terror threat. He made far fewer speeches about terrorism than George W. Bush did. Yet, despite some efforts to the contrary, he continued many of Bush’s policies—and in the case of targeted assassinations using drones (unmanned aerial vehicles), went further than Bush. The analysis of Obama’s rhetoric on terrorism shows a president who both wants to distance himself from his predecessor and one who wants to be seen as tough on terrorism. In the final analysis, Obama’s rhetoric and policies hewed rather closely to George W. Bush’s. This chapter raises questions …
From The Legal Literature: Criminalizing Propaganda: J. Remy Green’S Argument To Digitize Brandenburg, Francesca Laguardia
From The Legal Literature: Criminalizing Propaganda: J. Remy Green’S Argument To Digitize Brandenburg, Francesca Laguardia
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
No abstract provided.
From The Legal Literature: Automating Police, Francesca Laguardia
From The Legal Literature: Automating Police, Francesca Laguardia
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
No abstract provided.
Analyzing The Necessity To Modify Standardized Test Statutes, Ashley Hernandez
Analyzing The Necessity To Modify Standardized Test Statutes, Ashley Hernandez
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
In recent years, standardized tests have been challenged by many academic scholars, legal journalists, psychologists and scientific researchers. They claim these tests are an arbitrary form of measuring academic success. Across many grade levels, from elementary to graduate school, there has been concern over the efficacy of these tests. Yet, many neglect to consider the benefits of standardized testing and the reasons why they were implemented and continue. Many educational systems have made standardized tests optional to combat issues of regarding arbitrary content, bias and discrimination. Yet, as those pushing for standardized test reform continue to suggest otherwise, there is …
Embryo Litigation : The Legal Categorization Of Embryos As Protected Humans Or Property, Caroline Koboska
Embryo Litigation : The Legal Categorization Of Embryos As Protected Humans Or Property, Caroline Koboska
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
This thesis explores the issue of the unknown legal status of frozen embryos in the United States. With an examination of the issue through the discipline of law, it becomes evident that the lack of legislation and guidance on the issue has left it a matter up to the states, rather than the federal government. Central to the issue is the history and laws of abortion in the United States that can help provide precedent. The thesis examines embryos in light of property law, contract law, and family law. Also included is a review of embryos through a second discipline …
Lgbtq Youth In Foster Care: Litigated Reform Of New Jersey’S Child Welfare System, Ariel Alvarez
Lgbtq Youth In Foster Care: Litigated Reform Of New Jersey’S Child Welfare System, Ariel Alvarez
Department of Political Science and Law Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Institutional heteronormativity is endemic across the U.S. state foster care system. The study purpose was to explore New Jersey’s child welfare agency in the context of policy changes during litigated reform that diminished the influence of institutional heteronormativity contributing to inadequate care of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or questioning (LGBTQ) foster youth. LGBTQ-related policy-based reforms identified through document analysis included: (a) leveraging the authority of state sexual orientation, gender identity, and gender expression (SOGIE) based anti-discrimination legislation; (b) establishing a Safe Space Initiative program; and (c) integrating SOGIE-based anti-discrimination policy and procedural changes to LGBTQ youth case practice, management, service …
Batman The Noble Dog: The Costs Of Spiritedness For The Individual And Society, Ian Drake
Batman The Noble Dog: The Costs Of Spiritedness For The Individual And Society, Ian Drake
Department of Political Science and Law Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Batman’s self-imposed mission to rid Gotham City of its criminal element has always presented the problem of vigilantism. From the perspective of criminology, Batman’s methods raise the problem of whether society can be governed, or govern itself, with extralegal law enforcement. The problem presented by Batman’s behavior is often stated, as the ancient Roman satirist Juvenal famously put it, “quis custodiet ipsos custodes?” (“but who is going to guard the guards themselves?”).1 The threat posed by selfappointed guardians, such as Batman and other super heroes, has been frequently analyzed by scholars and fans alike. Yet, there is an additional, less …
Resolving The Populist Paradox : Politics, Perception, And Identity In The United States, Pierre Avalos
Resolving The Populist Paradox : Politics, Perception, And Identity In The United States, Pierre Avalos
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
The concept of populism is ubiquitous in the international arena. Whether in Brexit, the surge of nationalism in display across the international system, or Donald Trump's presidency, populism is a mainstay of modern social, political, and economic systems. Although it’s historical and conceptual aspects are instructive, populism's most defining elements are revealed in its socioeconomic aspects. This is represented in a politicalcultural model, which considers its conceptual imperatives based on the ideological approach to defining populism, and a refinement of this model that relies upon the prevalence of economic factors and cultural factors. The purpose of this research is to …
The Influence Of Religion On The Criminal Behavior Of Emerging Adults, Christopher Salvatore, Gabriel Rubin
The Influence Of Religion On The Criminal Behavior Of Emerging Adults, Christopher Salvatore, Gabriel Rubin
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Recent generations of young adults are experiencing a new life course stage: emerging adulthood. During this ‘new’ stage of the life course, traditional social bonds and turning points may not be present, may be delayed, or may not operate in the same manner as they have for prior generations. One such bond, religion, is examined here. Focusing on the United States, emerging adulthood is investigated as a distinct stage of the life course. The criminality of emerging adults is presented, a theoretical examination of the relationship between religion and crime is provided, the role of religion in emerging adults’ lives …
Yin And Yank? Public Opinion In Europe Toward The Us And China, Soo Yeon Kim, Sophie Meunier, Zsolt Nyiri
Yin And Yank? Public Opinion In Europe Toward The Us And China, Soo Yeon Kim, Sophie Meunier, Zsolt Nyiri
Department of Political Science and Law Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Perceptions of the United States in European public opinion greatly improved around 2008, while perceptions of China simultaneously deteriorated. The Transatlantic and Sino-European relationships stem from radically different historical contexts. Yet could the image of China and the image of the U.S. be related in the eyes of Europeans? This paper examines whether attitudes toward China have contributed to determining attitudes toward the U.S. in Europe by analyzing data from the Transatlantic Trends survey taken in 2010, a critical juncture in Europe’s relations with both the U.S. and China. We investigate three hypotheses about this relation: the “yin and yank” …
Understanding Variations In User Response To Social Media Campaigns: A Study Of Facebook Posts In The 2010 Us Elections, Michael A. Xenos, Timothy Macafee, Antoinette Pole
Understanding Variations In User Response To Social Media Campaigns: A Study Of Facebook Posts In The 2010 Us Elections, Michael A. Xenos, Timothy Macafee, Antoinette Pole
Department of Political Science and Law Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Political candidates increasingly have incorporated social media tools like Facebook into their campaigns. Such tools enable supporters to interact directly and easily with campaigns, creating an immediate and relatively informal way for users to respond to candidate messages and publicly display their support. Previous research has explored how campaigns have used social media, or how the use of social media may be related to political engagement. In this study, we provide a systematic analysis of variations in user response to candidate messaging through Facebook. Our results shed new light on the dynamics of online campaigning through social media and engagement …
Regime Transition And The Judicialization Of Politics In Latin America, Mishella Salome Romo
Regime Transition And The Judicialization Of Politics In Latin America, Mishella Salome Romo
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
At what point can we discern when a regime has transitioned from one that suffers from predictable pathologies of hyper-presidentialism, to one that is increasingly authoritarian? Democratic politics and regime crisis have often been analyzed through lenses of populism (which employ anti-liberal forms of governance) and presidentialism (which create institutional pathologies from within). Nevertheless, both have undermined the role of the court in shaping regime transition. The judicial decisions explored in this paper will reveal that the high court is the final indicator of a regime shift from hyperpresidentialism to a more authoritarian system. To substantiate this claim, this paper …
Defining Discourse : An Analysis Of The Promulgation And Justifications Of New Jersey Public University Speech And Expression Policies, Matthew Elias Bosque
Defining Discourse : An Analysis Of The Promulgation And Justifications Of New Jersey Public University Speech And Expression Policies, Matthew Elias Bosque
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
The purpose of this research is to investigate the New Jersey Anti-Bullying Bill of Rights Act (N.J.S.A 18A:37-13 et seq.) and New Jersey's overall attempt at combating bullying in public schools in both secondary and higher education. It is found in this research that the New Jersey statute holds potentially unconstitutional provisions in the language of the statute. By examining both the First and Fourteenth Amendment, this research taps into cases like Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District, Davis v. Monroe County Board of Education, and DeJohn v. Temple University in order to craft both a sound and …
The Co-Evolution Of Marriage And Parental Rights Of Gays And Lesbians, Lisa M. Chauveron, Ariel Alvarez, Bradley Van Eeden-Moorefield
The Co-Evolution Of Marriage And Parental Rights Of Gays And Lesbians, Lisa M. Chauveron, Ariel Alvarez, Bradley Van Eeden-Moorefield
Department of Political Science and Law Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Historically, federal and state legislation placed different conditions on same- and opposite-sex couples' ability to marry, adopt, or exercise their parental rights. Given the historical intertwining of marriage and parenting, legal issues remain hinged on differing conceptions of marriage and what constitutes a legal family in the United States, especially for same-sex partners compared to their different-sexed couple counterparts. This article provides a historical review of decisions that serve as the foundation for queer parenting rights in the United States. A key focus is on the impact of the U.S. Supreme Court Obergefell v. Hodges (2015) marriage decision on queer …