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Triple Bottom Line Event Evaluation: A Proposed Framework For Holistic Event Evaluation, Liz Fredline, Michael Raybould, Leo Jago, Marg Deery
Triple Bottom Line Event Evaluation: A Proposed Framework For Holistic Event Evaluation, Liz Fredline, Michael Raybould, Leo Jago, Marg Deery
Michael Raybould
Although there has long been an interest in measuring the economic impacts of events, it is only relatively recently that concern about the sustainability of event tourism has driven an imperative to develop methods for evaluating and monitoring other sorts of impacts including social and environmental. This trend mirrors moves in general tourism and business more broadly where discussion about triple bottom line reporting underpins a move for enterprises to be accountable to stakeholders, not only in regard to the economic bottom line, but also with regard to their “footprint” on the environment and on society more broadly. There is …
Over Qualified And Under Experienced – Turning Graduates Into Hospitality Managers, Michael Raybould, Hugh Wilkins
Over Qualified And Under Experienced – Turning Graduates Into Hospitality Managers, Michael Raybould, Hugh Wilkins
Michael Raybould
Purpose – This paper sets out to report on research that investigated hospitality managers' expectations of graduate skills and compared those expectations with student perceptions of what hospitality managers value. Design/methodology/approach – The research adopted a generic skills framework and data were collected through a sample survey of 850 Australian hospitality managers and 211 undergraduate hospitality management students. Findings – Managers rated skills associated with interpersonal, problem solving, and self-management skill domains as most important while students appeared to have realistic perceptions of the skills that managers value when recruiting hospitality graduates. The most substantial areas of disagreement came in …