International Economics Commons^™

The Role Of Economic Community Of West African States (Ecowas) In Promoting Borderless Trade In West Africa., Adam J. Akperan, Sanni Ganiyu Kayode

Bullion

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a regional group of fifteen countries, founded in 1975. Its mission is to promote economic integration in "all fields of economic activities, particularly industry, transport, telecommunications, energy, agriculture, natural resources, commerce, monetary and financial questions, social and cultural matters". This paper examines the role of CBN economy and monetary policies on the heels of borderless trade amongst the ECOWAS State. ECOWAS aims to promote peace, co-operation and integration in economic, social and cultural activity, ultimately leading to the establishment of an economic and monetary union through the total integration of the …

Crisis And Global Imbalances: The Fragility Of The Current International Monetary System, Andrea Ricci

Andrea Ricci

Institutional Structure And Decision Making In Sudan, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

The study here presented reviews the institutional structure of the Sudanese government. Truly, though it is stigmatized as totalitarian, the structure is phenotypically perfect. Ministry of Ministries council is supposed to cater for analyzing data concerning ministries performance, drawing strategic planning, executing them through ministries and conduct the follow-ups. Department of decision-making was created and packages for data collection and analyses were improvised. However, all these structures seem skeletal as the final decisions structurally seem to be lost between the Presidency Institution and the executive institutions. An introduced flowing chart indicates that the cycle of all decisions end up at …

The International Society And The Sudanese National Disintegration, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

The political crisis of Sudan is amplified everyday with the expansion of civil conflict from Darfur to Southern Kordofan state. The inevitable secession of Southern Sudan is threatened by the chronic crisis of Abyei pocket between the north and the south that saw open war between the two opponents; the Sudanese army and Popular Liberation of Sudan. Nevertheless, the Attorney General of the International Criminal Court, Ocambo vocalizes more concerns of humanitarian sufferings and war crimes that he claims to be continuing despite of peaceful negotiations. Such situation seems irrational with the de facto state of war that currently prevails …

The Impact Of Tribal Structure On The Economic Parameters And Conflicts Between North And South Sudan, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

The crisis of Greater Darfur Region of Sudan extends to other regions as the South Sudan prepares for secession next July 2011. In the past eight years Sudan's crisis in Darfur was amplified by global news media all over the world. Civil conflict erupted, developed into armed rebellions and open uncontrolled war that enveloped the whole region. The current inflamed undecided and unmarked future borders between the south and north are also facing growing tensions. In this current paper we present some information on what we see as the seeds of conflicts with complicated tribal structures in both sides and …

Fend For Sudan Unity, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Sudan is unified as a country by many bonds that are also reasons for it disintegration. From the year 2005 where Nivasha Comprehensive Peace Agreement between the North and South parts, to 2011 the efforts of dividing the country were evident. From 2005, many analysts, tried to warn of the coming consequences of the Southern part secession. There were calls for improvements of the current regime's totalitarianism, open the doors for democracy, sharing people in power and decision making and amending human standards and freedom. However, all calls fell on deaf ears. The Darfur crisis accelerated and the regime clutch …

International Trade, Structural Deformations And Hegemony In Islamic And Arabic Countries, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed, Dr. Mohamed A. Osman

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Contemporary world economic situation seems gloomy with the shadows of recession in many big economies. There attempts to rectify that situation with domestic restructuring and improvements in social parameters. However, it is imperative that holistic approaches should be reviewed whereas part of them are helping developing economies to improve productivity and expand their exports and imports. The books reviews issues of international trade as presented in theories and de facto applications. Historical backgrounds are analyzed to emphasize their impacts on the present situations. Within the parameters discussed are crusades and ensuing colonization. All these foot prints are still engraved in …

State Institutionalization, Governance And Decision Making In Sudan, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

The study here presented reviews the institutional structure of the Sudanese government. Truly, though it is stigmatized as totalitarian, the structure is phenotypically perfect. Ministry of Ministries council is supposed to cater for analyzing data concerning ministries performance, drawing strategic planning, executing them through ministries and conduct the follow-ups. Department of decision-making was created and packages for data collection and analyses were improvised. However, all these structures seem skeletal as the final decisions structurally seem to be lost between the Presidency Institution and the executive institutions. An introduced flowing chart indicates that the cycle of all decisions end up at …

Banks' Reserves Restrictions And Macroeconomic Parameters Of Sudanese Economy (2007-2009), Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

The paper analyzes the impacts of Islamic and conventional Banks reserves' restrictions in Sudan. Comprehensively, those restrictions are necessary for health banks, performance and the viability of the macroeconomic performance in any country. The selected period of the analysis (2007-2009) is vital to study impacts of the Global Financial Crisis on the Sudanese economy. The paper introduces available data on banks institutions, macroeconomic policies and the central Bank of Sudan considering its part on controlling money supply and demand besides drawing policies for banks behaviors. It is conceivable from my conclusions here that there are conflicts between conventional and Islamic …

Country Project, Johansein L. Rutaihwa Mr.

Johansein Rutaihwa

No abstract provided.

Economic Crisis And External Trade In Sudan, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Nowadays, Sudan suffers severe financial crisis with the eminent demise of 75% of its oil revenues that represented over 90% of its foreign currency after the secession of its Southern part after a constitutional referendum. The compensatory revenues generating economic sectors are not able in the short, medium or runs to function due to the lack/diminished infrastructures. Hard currency exchange rates have soured against the domestic one and inflation sky-rocketed with severe recession grasping the economic cycle in the country which assess logic assumptions of stagflation. Reforming Sudan's foreign trade sector is essential though it will not replace oil revenues …

Factors Effecting Job Satisfaction Of Employees In Pakistani Banking Sector, Ahmed Imran Hunjra, Muhammad Irfan Chani, Sher Aslam, Muhammad Azam, Kashif -Ur- Rehman

Muhammad Irfan Chani

The Janjaweed, The Armed Movements And The Political Disintegration Of Sudan, Issam A.W. Mohamed Professor

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

The present paper is part of unpublished book divided into three interrelated manuscripts that analyze the collapse of the Sudan. The current paper concludes that the rebellion by certain in Darfur region has triggered a further a counteraction by other tribes of Arab descendants. The counter-actors were recruited by an unprecedented tyrannical regime to submit the rebels but succeeded only in genocide and the turning over the regime and started their own rebellion. That resulted in an intricate situation carrying all symptoms of chaos. Truly, the regime maintained its existence but with continuously deteriorating life condition in Darfur region. The …

Impacts Of Islamic And Commercial Banks' Reserves Restrictions On Macroeconomic Parameters Of Sudan (2007-2009), Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

The paper analyzes the impacts of Islamic and conventional Banks reserves' restrictions in Sudan. Comprehensively, those restrictions are necessary for health banks, performance and the viability of the macroeconomic performance in any country. The selected period of the analysis (2007-2009) is vital to study impacts of the Global Financial Crisis on the Sudanese economy. The paper introduces available data on banks institutions, macroeconomic policies and the central Bank of Sudan considering its part on controlling money supply and demand besides drawing policies for banks behaviors. It is conceivable from my conclusions here that there are conflicts between conventional and Islamic …

Trade Liberalization And Employment Performance Of Textile, Johansein L. Rutaihwa Mr., Wumi K. Olayiwola Dr

Johansein Rutaihwa

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of trade liberalization on employment performance of textile industry in Tanzania. The basic issue of concern is that the implementation of trade liberalization has differential impact on employment and wage in many African countries. In addressing this issue as well as achieving the objective, econometric models of employment and wage are estimated using co-integration method of analysis. The analysis shows that effective rate of protection and export intensity have an insignificant positive impact on demand for labour, but import penetration has a significant negative impact on employment. Also, only import …

Naira Convertibility: The Journey So Far, Moses K. Tule

Bullion

This paper examines the path to Naira Convertibility, the Journey so far. lt avers that convertibility is pursued by countries either as an economic management approach or as a tool for achieving higher reckoning on the global economic stage. Consequently, the examples of Argentina, Chile, Peru, Brazil, etc could fall in the first category while the Russian Rubble push could qualify for the second group. Nigeria's efforts at Naira convertibility would fall. The paper suggested that Nigeria should initiate a more realistic Naira convertibility programme through trade guarantees where it insists that imports from Nigeria from member ECOWAS members would …

Macroeconomic Effects Of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates On Savings Attitudes In Sudan, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

The impacts of fluctuations of exchange rates of foreign hard currencies are well documented in economics literature. There are measures taken over by countries to absorb their impacts on income, employment and national economies ability to function and produce. However, distortions are observed in underdeveloped and developing countries. Sudan is among those where impacts of fluctuations in exchange rates versus national currencies are strongly observed and felt on its economy. In the past three decades they represented the highest effects on real money's value, had macroeconomic impacts, affect the prices of productive inputs, produced commodities and the economy's performance. The …

Impacts Of Southern Sudan Secession: Case Study Of Hawazma Nomads Of Kordofan, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Tribal interactions between groups of Southern Kordofan and the Southern provinces of Bahr al Ghazal and Upper Nile are wide and old. The old coexistence habits that previously dominated a one country structure were torn down by a de facto status secession by the Southern region of Sudan. The South Kordofan represents a region where tribal groups live in. Now it represents a region of future candidate for war. The decision of secession of Southern Sudan for independence involved delayed drawing borders and arguments of conflicts on specific regions bordering the two parts of Sudan. In South Kordofan many tribes …

The Drivers And Dynamics Of Illicit Financial Flows From India: 1948-2008, Dev Kar

Dev Kar

This study examines the magnitude of illicit financial flows from India, analyzing the drivers and dynamics of these flows in the context of far-ranging reform. In the process, it represents perhaps the most comprehensive study on the subject matter, both in terms of the range of issues involved and the time span covered. At its heart is a dynamic simulation model which seeks to capture the complex interplay of economic, structural, and governance issues that underlie the generation and cross-border transfer of illicit capital. Due to the random nature of illicit flows, this model cannot be used to forecast such …

Voluntary Return In The Comprehensive Peace Agreement Of Northern And Southern Sudan, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

The date of South secession is coming soon at the 9th July 2011. However, there is the problem of people from the south who live in the north. Some of them where behaving as natural citezens and had jobs or education or even lived for decades and centuries in the north. Others were internally displaced people, but both are compelled to return to their homes in the south as the Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed by the twp parties, North and South have stressed on. That created inevitable another displacement or uprooting for them and definitely another human tragedy. This paper …

Country Report-Intellectual Property Rights, Johansein L. Rutaihwa Mr.

Johansein Rutaihwa

No abstract provided.

Trade Liberalization And Employment Performance Of Textile And Clothing Industry In Tanzania, Johansein L. Rutaihwa Mr., Wumi K. Olayiwola Dr

Johansein Rutaihwa

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of trade liberalization on employment performance of textile industry in Tanzania. The basic issue of concern is that the implementation of trade liberalization has differential impact on employment and wage in many African countries. In addressing this issue as well as achieving the objective, econometric models of employment and wage are estimated using co-integration method of analysis. The analysis shows that effective rate of protection and export intensity have an insignificant positive impact on demand for labour, but import penetration has a significant negative impact on employment. Also, only import …

Impacts Of Banks' Reserves Restrictions On Macroeconomic Parameters Of Sudan (2007-2009), Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

The paper analyzes the impacts of Islamic and conventional Banks reserves' restrictions in Sudan. Comprehensively, those restrictions are necessary for health banks, performance and the viability of the macroeconomic performance in any country. The selected period of the analysis (2007-2009) is vital to study impacts of the Global Financial Crisis on the Sudanese economy. The paper introduces available data on banks institutions, macroeconomic policies and the central Bank of Sudan considering its part on controlling money supply and demand besides drawing policies for banks behaviors. It is conceivable from my conclusions here that there are conflicts between conventional and Islamic …

The Financial Crisis, Rethinking Of The Global Financial Architecture, And The Trilemma, Joshua Aizenman, Menzie David Chinn, Hiro Ito

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper extends our previous paper (Aizenman, Chinn, and Ito 2008) and explores some of the unexplored questions. First, we examine the channels through which the trilemma policy configurations affect output volatility. Secondly, we investigate how trilemma policy configurations affect the output performance of the economies under severe crisis situations. Thirdly, we look into how trilemma configurations have evolved in the aftermath of economic crises in the past. We find that trilemma policy configurations and external finances affect output volatility mainly through the investment channel. While a higher degree of exchange rate stability could stabilize the real exchange rate movement, …

The Social Infrastructure And The Civil Institutions In Sudan, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Contemporary Sudanese society endures many hardships which are manifested in economic retraction, inflation, recession and stagflation. However, social conflicts are also manifested in simple man's daily complaints to open rebellions. Most academicians agree on one point, that the society endures abnormal conditions. The current paper aims delves into a historical context of civil society as a concept in general which originated in the west. Next it displays differences between it and the Sudan supposing that there is unique experience appropriate to the Sudanese state of affairs. Therefore that possibility of creating an appropriate term that fully describes the social structures …

The Impacts Of Water Pollution On Economic Development In Sudan, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Water pollution is a chronic crisis in Sudan that is rarely researched. However, it is combined with scarcity, disputes and uncertainty. In The current paper we introduce its concepts with emphasis on the growing problems of pollution combined with scarcity. A Case study of the growing problem of pollution is introduced and analyzed using economic parameters.

Human Rights Violations, Missing Justice, Civil Conflicts And Darfur Political Future, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

This paper reset some facts about Darfur civil conflict. It is brief statement of facts integrated with what I describe here as the missing justice. Violations of human rights are undeniable, but channels of achieving justice are absent. It is my conclusion here that the escalation of civil conflicts in Darfur from armed gangs to rebel groups and then to open civil wars were instigated by concrete evidence of human rights violations, atrocities and genocides and most of all by the inability of the concerned authorities to carry out justice which was lost in the maze of deception, lies, ignorance …

Politics, Hegemony And Survival In Sudan, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Since the beginning of the year 2010, the political crisis of Sudan expands everyday. The inevitable secession of Southern Sudan amplifies with the chronic crisis of Abyei pocket between the north and the south. However, most analysts vocalize their astonishment at irrational official behavior as the de facto state of war that currently prevails in the country and call it pure stupidity. In this paper we analyze what is behind the regime structure and the conception of the Hakimya that makes their regime fortified from accepting rationality, resilience and sense of truth to respond for solutions and help of the …

Brazil Currency Crisis, Yogendra Sisodia

Yogendra Sisodia

Brazil 1999 Currency Crisis. Pre and Post scenario. Contagion in world economy.

Tyranny And Economic Greed: The Disintegration Of The Sudanese Nation, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

The present paper is part of unpublished book divided into three interrelated manuscripts that analyze the collapse of the Sudan. The current paper conclude that the decision of the International Criminal Court to arrest President Bashir triggered a process for the disintegration of an unprecedented tyrannical regime that embezzled the Sudanese nation under the pretext of imposing Islamic Sharia Laws. However, there is a pronounced prominent conflict manifested here which is the question whether it was a real Islamic laws, or was it only a powerful tool to control the country. The dogma imposed hegemonic regime that extracted all economic …