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1999

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Institution
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Articles 1 - 30 of 55

Full-Text Articles in Agricultural and Resource Economics

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 1999, Central Bank Of Nigeria Dec 1999

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 1999, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

The Annual Report contains details of Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) financial activities during the 1999 accounting year in accordance with statutory requirement. During the period under review, the Bank carried out its core functions under CBN Decree No. 24, 1991, and the Banks and Other Financial Institutions (BOFI Decree No. 25, 1991). The CBN also performed developmental and technical assistance roles to contribute to economic development and capacity building. In 1999, the CBN carried out core functions, including issuance of currency notes and coins, maintaining Nigeria's external reserves, and promoting monetary stability. The Bank implemented policies to reduce excess …

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Dairy Outlook 2000, Donald L. Peterson Dec 1999

Dairy Outlook 2000, Donald L. Peterson

Economics Commentator

No abstract provided.

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Dairy Outlook 2000, Donald L. Peterson Dec 1999

Dairy Outlook 2000, Donald L. Peterson

Economics Commentator

No abstract provided.

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Food For Thought On Food As A Weapon In The Sudan, Ibpp Editor Dec 1999

Food For Thought On Food As A Weapon In The Sudan, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article analyzes conceptual Issues surrounding a United States Government policy authorizing food assistance to armed opposition groups in southern Sudan.

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Prospects For Organic Agriculture In The Upper Midwest, Thomas L. Dobbs, Richard C. Shane, Dillon M. Fuez Nov 1999

Prospects For Organic Agriculture In The Upper Midwest, Thomas L. Dobbs, Richard C. Shane, Dillon M. Fuez

Economics Commentator

No abstract provided.

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Prospects For Organic Agriculture In The Upper Midwest, Thomas L. Dobbs, Richard C. Shane, Dillon M. Fuez Nov 1999

Prospects For Organic Agriculture In The Upper Midwest, Thomas L. Dobbs, Richard C. Shane, Dillon M. Fuez

Economics Commentator

No abstract provided.

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International Trade, Monetary Policy, And The Yellow Brick Road, Joseph Santos Nov 1999

International Trade, Monetary Policy, And The Yellow Brick Road, Joseph Santos

Economics Commentator

No abstract provided.

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International Trade, Monetary Policy, And The Yellow Brick Road, Joseph Santos Nov 1999

International Trade, Monetary Policy, And The Yellow Brick Road, Joseph Santos

Economics Commentator

No abstract provided.

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Agroindustrialization Through Institutional Innovation: Transactions Costs, Cooperatives And Milk-Market Development In The Ethopian Highlands, Garth Holloway, Charles Nicholson, Chris Delgado, Steven Staal, Simeon K. Ehui Nov 1999

Agroindustrialization Through Institutional Innovation: Transactions Costs, Cooperatives And Milk-Market Development In The Ethopian Highlands, Garth Holloway, Charles Nicholson, Chris Delgado, Steven Staal, Simeon K. Ehui

Agribusiness

Some small-holders are able to generate reliable and substantial income flows through small-scale dairy production for the local market; for others, a set of unique transactions costs hinders participation. Cooperative selling institutions are potential catalysts for mitigating these costs, stimulating entry into the market, and precipitating growth in rural communities. Trends in cooperative organization in East-African dairy are evaluated. Empirical work focuses on alternative techniques for effecting participation among a representative sample of periurban milk producers in the Ethiopian highlands. The techniques considered are a modern production practice (cross-bred cow use), a traditional production practice (indigenous-cow use), three intellectual-capital-forming variables …

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Marketing Loan Looks Better Than Alternatives In 1999; Grain Storage Considerations For 1999-2000, Donald Peterson, Alan May Oct 1999

Marketing Loan Looks Better Than Alternatives In 1999; Grain Storage Considerations For 1999-2000, Donald Peterson, Alan May

Economics Commentator

No abstract provided.

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Implications Of “Freedom To Farm” For Crop System Diversity In The Western Corn Belt And Northern Great Plains, Thomas Dobbs, Linda Dumke Oct 1999

Implications Of “Freedom To Farm” For Crop System Diversity In The Western Corn Belt And Northern Great Plains, Thomas Dobbs, Linda Dumke

Economics Staff Paper Series

The Federal Agricultural Improvement and Reform Act (FAIR) Act of 1996, popularly known as "Freedom to Farm", represented a fundamental shift in the primary policy mechanism for supporting farm incomes in the United States (U.S.). Crop-specific "deficiency payments" were replaced by "production flexibility contract payments", scheduled to run through the year 2002 and, presumably, then terminate. The total amount available for contract payments nationwide started at $5.6 billion in fiscal year (FY) 1996, was to reach $5.8 billion in FY 1998, and was to decline to $4 billion in FY2002 (ERS, 1996, p. 1). Allocations to each contract farm are …

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Have Price Policies Damaged Ldc Agricultural Productivity?, Lilyan E. Fulginiti, Richard K. Perrin Oct 1999

Have Price Policies Damaged Ldc Agricultural Productivity?, Lilyan E. Fulginiti, Richard K. Perrin

Department of Agricultural Economics: Faculty Publications

This paper examines price policies and agricultural productivity in 18 developing countries over the period 1961—1985. We measure productivity with both a nonparametric Malmquist index and a production function, confirming previous findings of declining agricultural productivity, but with sufficient inconsistencies as to raise concern about the adequacy of the methods. We nonetheless find considerable support for the hypothesis that unfavorable price policies have damaged agricultural productivity performance in these countries.
Beginning in the mid 1960s and continuing into the 1980s the "green revolution" swept across the agricultural sectors of many less developed countries (LDCs), a revolution consisting of new varieties …

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Estimation Of Demand For Wheat By Classes For The United States And The European Union, Samarendu Mohanty, E. Wesley F. Peterson Oct 1999

Estimation Of Demand For Wheat By Classes For The United States And The European Union, Samarendu Mohanty, E. Wesley F. Peterson

Department of Agricultural Economics: Faculty Publications

This study estimates demand for wheat differentiated by classes using a dynamic AIDS model for the United States and the European Union (EU). The results suggest that imported wheat is more price responsive than domestic wheat in the U.S. market but not in the EU market. This may suggest that the Canadian policy that reduces prices of Canadian wheat in the U.S. market or U.S. export subsidies that raise prices of U.S., wheat could be expected to give rise to substantial substitution of Canadian for U.S. wheat. It is also found that in the EU, complementary relationships exist between spring …

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Crop Producer Risk Management Survey: A Preliminary Summary Of Selected Data, Keith H. Coble, Thomas O. Knight, George F. Patrick, Alan E. Baquet Sep 1999

Crop Producer Risk Management Survey: A Preliminary Summary Of Selected Data, Keith H. Coble, Thomas O. Knight, George F. Patrick, Alan E. Baquet

Department of Agricultural Economics: Presentations, Working Papers, and Gray Literature

Changes in the risk environment and tools available to manage risk have resulted in an increased need for risk management skills among farmers and ranchers. In response the USDA initiated a risk management education competitive grants program in the spring of 1998. This is the first report from one of the grant-funded projects. The project's primary objective is to provide supporting research that will contribute to the design and implementation of effective risk management education programs, policies and tools. This report provides selected summary statistics, without analysis, from a survey of crop producers conducted as part of the first phase …

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Health Transfers: An Application Of Health-Health Analysis To Assess Food Safety Regulations, Fred Kuchler, Jackqueline L. Teague, Richard A. Williams, Don W. Anderson Sep 1999

Health Transfers: An Application Of Health-Health Analysis To Assess Food Safety Regulations, Fred Kuchler, Jackqueline L. Teague, Richard A. Williams, Don W. Anderson

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The authors apply a Health-Health Analysis to risks associated with harvesting Gulf oysters to evaluate that approach to managing health and safety risks.

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Pesticide Residue Regulation: Analysis Of Food Quality Protection Act Implementation, Linda-Jo Schierow Sep 1999

Pesticide Residue Regulation: Analysis Of Food Quality Protection Act Implementation, Linda-Jo Schierow

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Dr. Schierow discusses the effects of a recent statute on food safety.

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Shadow Price Of Environmental Bads: Weak Vs. Strong Disposability, Saleem Shaik, Glenn A. Helmers Aug 1999

Shadow Price Of Environmental Bads: Weak Vs. Strong Disposability, Saleem Shaik, Glenn A. Helmers

Department of Agricultural Economics: Presentations, Working Papers, and Gray Literature

This paper addresses the issue of the shadow price of environmental bads treated as an undesirable output (normal input) with weak (strong) disposability in a two-stage estimation. Nebraska agriculture sector time series data is spread over 1936-94. Results indicate the difference in the price due to the disposability property.

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The Role Of Non-Parametric Approach In Adjusting Productivity Measures For Environmental Impacts, Saleem Shaik, Richard K. Perrin Aug 1999

The Role Of Non-Parametric Approach In Adjusting Productivity Measures For Environmental Impacts, Saleem Shaik, Richard K. Perrin

Department of Agricultural Economics: Presentations, Working Papers, and Gray Literature

This paper addresses the role of non-parametric analysis in adjusting agricultural productivity measures for environmental impacts. The modified Tornquist-Theil index computed using shadow prices derived from the programming procedures is compared and contrasted with a nonparametric hyperbolic Malmquist index for the case of Nebraska agriculture.

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Testing The Impact Of Corporate Farming Laws On Hog Industry Growth: A Partial Adjustment Approach, Holger Matthey, Jeffrey S. Royer Aug 1999

Testing The Impact Of Corporate Farming Laws On Hog Industry Growth: A Partial Adjustment Approach, Holger Matthey, Jeffrey S. Royer

Department of Agricultural Economics: Presentations, Working Papers, and Gray Literature

This paper analyzes the impact of corporate restrictions on the growth of the Nebraska hog industry. It utilizes a partial adjustment model to test the hypothesis that the restrictions hamper the development of the state's hog industry. The results support the argument that the regulations have slowed the growth of the Nebraska hog industry.

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The Potential For Marketing Pork Products With Embedded Environmental Attributes: Results From An Experimental Study, Sean P. Hurley, James B. Kliebenstein Aug 1999

The Potential For Marketing Pork Products With Embedded Environmental Attributes: Results From An Experimental Study, Sean P. Hurley, James B. Kliebenstein

Agribusiness

Environmental issues such as air and water quality related to livestock production currently receive much attention. Potential methods for environmental improvement range from regulation to market solutions. This study looks at consumer willingness to pay for pork products with embedded environmental attributes. Experimental auctions showed that over one-half of the participants (62%) paid a premium, that did not vary significantly between differing regions of the United States. (JEL Codes Q13, Q25)

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The Impacts Of Dairy Cattle Ownership On The Nutritional Status Of Preschool Children In Coastal Kenya, Charles F. Nicholson, Phillip K. Thornton Aug 1999

The Impacts Of Dairy Cattle Ownership On The Nutritional Status Of Preschool Children In Coastal Kenya, Charles F. Nicholson, Phillip K. Thornton

Agribusiness

In many parts of the developing world, the availability of sufficient food—food supplying sufficient daily energy and protein—remains a key challenge for many families, despite substantial increases in total food production in the past two decades. At present there is sufficient food produced to feed everyone in the world, but the available food is neither evenly distributed nor fully consumed. As a result, some 800 million people—200 million children— are food insecure, that is, they lack consistent access to the food required for a healthy and productive life (Pinstrup-Andersen, 1994). The roots of food insecurity and malnutrition are complex, but …

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Impacts Of The Northeast Interstate Dairy Compact On New England Milk Supply, Charles F. Nicholson, Budy Resosudarmo, Rick Wackernagel Aug 1999

Impacts Of The Northeast Interstate Dairy Compact On New England Milk Supply, Charles F. Nicholson, Budy Resosudarmo, Rick Wackernagel

Agribusiness

During the first year of the Northeast Interstate Dairy Compact, milk production in the six New England states increased by about 57 million pounds, or about 1.3% of production compared to the 12 months prior to the Compact. Increases in milk production were largest in Connecticut (31 million pounds) and Vermont (21 million pounds), whereas Maine and New Hampshire experienced increases of less than 10 million pounds. Production in Massachusetts and Rhode Island declined by 9 million and 0.4 million pounds, respectively. Because the rate of increase for New England was larger than the US average, the Compact Commission incurred …

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Welfare Differences Between Gross Water Pumped And Consumptive Use As Alternative Policy Control Variables To Meet Aquifer Management Objectives, Osei-Ageyman Yeboah, Ray Supalla, Derrel L. Martin Aug 1999

Welfare Differences Between Gross Water Pumped And Consumptive Use As Alternative Policy Control Variables To Meet Aquifer Management Objectives, Osei-Ageyman Yeboah, Ray Supalla, Derrel L. Martin

Department of Agricultural Economics: Presentations, Working Papers, and Gray Literature

The welfare cost of using gross water pumped instead of consumptive use as a control variable to meet consumptive use goal was estimated for Southwestern Nebraska. Crop simulation models for corn, grain sorghum, wheat and soybeans were estimated by EPIC. The models were then optimized for profit maximization under each irrigation scenario where groundwater is constrained through successive reductions. The results indicate that the social cost of reducing consumptive use is substantially overstated when using gross water pumped instead of consumptive use as the control variable, with the percentage difference declining as the size of the reduction increases. For example, …

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Non-Parametric Environmental Adjusted Productivity [Eap] Measures: Nebraska Agriculture Sector, Saleem Shaik, Richard K. Perrin Aug 1999

Non-Parametric Environmental Adjusted Productivity [Eap] Measures: Nebraska Agriculture Sector, Saleem Shaik, Richard K. Perrin

Department of Agricultural Economics: Presentations, Working Papers, and Gray Literature

Traditional total factor productivity [TFP] misrepresents the true change in agricultural productivity to the extent that environmental bads jointly produced with desirable outputs are unaccounted. Nonparametric productivity measures incorporating environmental bads are evaluated for Nebraska agriculture. The results indicate that prior to the 1980's the traditional TFP measures overstate productivity growth while it is underestimated afterwards, reflecting peak use of chemicals.

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National Evaluation Of Weed & Seed, Executive Office For Weed & Seed, National Institute Of Justice Aug 1999

National Evaluation Of Weed & Seed, Executive Office For Weed & Seed, National Institute Of Justice

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Unveiled in 1991, Operation Weed and Seed represents an ambitious attempt to improve the quality of life in America’s cities. The ultimate goals of Weed and Seed are to control violent crime, drug trafficking, and drug-related crime in targeted high-crime neighborhoods and to provide a safe environment, free of crime and drug use, in which law-abiding citizens can live, work, and raise their families. Weed and Seed, administered by the Executive Office for Weed and Seed (EOWS), is grounded in the philosophy that targeted areas can best be improved by a two-pronged strategy of “weeding” out violent offenders, drug traffickers, …

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Farmland Value Relationships Across South Dakota, Larry L. Janssen Jul 1999

Farmland Value Relationships Across South Dakota, Larry L. Janssen

Economics Commentator

No abstract provided.

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South Dakota Agricultural Land Values And Rental Practices: 1999, Burton Pflueger, Larry Janssen Jul 1999

South Dakota Agricultural Land Values And Rental Practices: 1999, Burton Pflueger, Larry Janssen

Economics Commentator

No abstract provided.

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Is Coke The Real Thing? The Pause That Refreshes? Hysterical Blindness On Hysteria In Belgium, Ibpp Editor Jul 1999

Is Coke The Real Thing? The Pause That Refreshes? Hysterical Blindness On Hysteria In Belgium, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article comments on the outbreak of symptoms allegedly reactive to imbibing Coca-Cola in Belgium, journalistic coverage of the outbreak, and the relationship between the two.

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Nafta Intra-Industry Trade In Agricultural Food Products, Bashir Qasmi, Scott Fausti Jul 1999

Nafta Intra-Industry Trade In Agricultural Food Products, Bashir Qasmi, Scott Fausti

Economics Staff Paper Series

The paper focuses on NAFTA's impact on intra-industry and inter-industry trade in agricultural food products. Bilateral trade among U.S., Canada, and Mexico, as well as their trade with the rest of the world during 1990 and 1995 are investigated. U.S. trade patterns for agricultural food products are slowly changing.

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Asymmetric Grading Error And Adverse Selection: Lemons In The California Prune Industry, Jennifer S. James, James A. Chalfant, Nathalie Lavoie, Richard J. Sexton Jul 1999

Asymmetric Grading Error And Adverse Selection: Lemons In The California Prune Industry, Jennifer S. James, James A. Chalfant, Nathalie Lavoie, Richard J. Sexton

Agribusiness

Grading systems are often introduced to address the classic adverse selection problem associated with asymmetric information about product quality. However, grades are rarely measured perfectly, and adverse selection outcomes may persist due to grading error. We study the effects of errors in grading, focusing on asymmetric grading errors-namely when low-quality product can erroneously be classified as high quality, but not vice versa. In a conceptual model, we show the effects of asymmetric grading errors on returns to producers. Application to the California prune industry shows that grading errors reduce incentives to produce more valuable, larger prunes.

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