Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Cultural Responsiveness In Policing, Stacy Berry Workman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Over the last decade, headlines have highlighted police-citizen conflicts. With the continuing change in communities to an increasingly diverse population, communication and interactions between officers and citizens must progress towards fairness and transparency. The delivery of culturally competent public safety services facilitates more favorable client outcomes, more effective interpersonal communication, and increased service satisfaction from clients. Although this is heavily stressed in public safety agencies and can decrease the possibility of tort liability for failing to provide adequate services or appropriate treatment, the emphasis varies. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the policies and influences of law …

From Negative To Positive Algorithm Rights, Cary Coglianese, Kat Hefter

All Faculty Scholarship

Artificial intelligence, or “AI,” is raising alarm bells. Advocates and scholars propose policies to constrain or even prohibit certain AI uses by governmental entities. These efforts to establish a negative right to be free from AI stem from an understandable motivation to protect the public from arbitrary, biased, or unjust applications of algorithms. This movement to enshrine protective rights follows a familiar pattern of suspicion that has accompanied the introduction of other technologies into governmental processes. Sometimes this initial suspicion of a new technology later transforms into widespread acceptance and even a demand for its use. In this paper, we …

Ai In Adjudication And Administration, Cary Coglianese, Lavi M. Ben Dor

All Faculty Scholarship

The use of artificial intelligence has expanded rapidly in recent years across many aspects of the economy. For federal, state, and local governments in the United States, interest in artificial intelligence has manifested in the use of a series of digital tools, including the occasional deployment of machine learning, to aid in the performance of a variety of governmental functions. In this paper, we canvas the current uses of such digital tools and machine-learning technologies by the judiciary and administrative agencies in the United States. Although we have yet to see fully automated decision-making find its way into either adjudication …

Relationship Between Job Embeddedness And Turnover Intentions Among Municipal Law Enforcement Officers, William Alonzo Forrester

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Law enforcement organizations have been facing a challenge with maintaining an adequate level of personnel due to an increased rate of employee turnover, which has been shown to have a negative impact on an agency's ability to reduce both property and violent crimes. The purpose of this cross-€sectional, quantitative study was to examine job embeddedness as a predictor of turnover intentions among municipal law enforcement officers by using the human capital theory as the theoretical foundation. To collect the data, a survey link was distributed to all personnel of a large, municipal law enforcement agency in the southeastern United States; …

Applying Sentinel Event Reviews To Policing, John Hollway, Ben Grunwald

All Faculty Scholarship

A sentinel event review (SER) is a system-based, multistakeholder review of an organizational error. The goal of an SER is to prevent similar errors from recurring in the future rather than identifying and punishing the responsible parties. In this article, we provide a detailed description of one of the first SERs conducted in an American police department—the review of the Lex Street Massacre investigation and prosecution, which resulted in the wrongful incarceration of four innocent men for 18 months. The results of the review suggest that SERs may help identify new systemic reforms for participating police departments and other criminal …

Police Stress: An Analysis Of The Impact On Child Sexual Exploitation Investigators, Damon Landon Simmons

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The psychological and physiological effects of work-related stress on law enforcement causes high morbidity and mortality rates and rates of alcoholism, substance abuse, domestic violence, and suicide higher than the national average. The purpose of this explanatory sequential mixed-methods study was to examine whether work-related stress experienced by child sexual exploitation (CSE) and child sexual abuse (CSA) investigators differ from that of other duty assigned subgroups. I used Karasek's job demands-control model as the theoretical framework for this study. I conducted the study within a medium sized law enforcement agency in eastern Washington State. The sample in the quantitative study …

Aftermath Of An Officer Involved Shooting: Formal Education, Continuing Education, And Responsibility, Pat Nelson, Thor Dahle, Colleen Clarke, Tamara Wilkins, Susan Burum, Bruce Biggs

Criminal Justice Department Publications

This is a policy review presentation that shows there are areas for improvement and recommendations to implement in the professional and academic sides of law enforcement using the lens of a current officer involved shooting that generated a lot of publicity. The recommendations would require a partnership between formal education providers, continuing education providers and practitioners.

Strict Liability's Criminogenic Effect, Paul H. Robinson

All Faculty Scholarship

It is easy to understand the apparent appeal of strict liability to policymakers and legal reformers seeking to reduce crime: if the criminal law can do away with its traditional culpability requirement, it can increase the likelihood of conviction and punishment of those who engage in prohibited conduct or bring about prohibited harm or evil. And such an increase in punishment rate can enhance the crime-control effectiveness of a system built upon general deterrence or incapacitation of the dangerous. Similar arguments support the use of criminal liability for regulatory offenses. Greater punishment rates suggest greater compliance.

But this analysis fails …

Root Cause Analysis: A Tool To Promote Officer Safety And Reduce Officer Involved Shootings Over Time, John Hollway, Calvin Lee, Sean Smoot

All Faculty Scholarship

This Article proposes the use of Root Cause Analysis (RCA) as a tool for reducing or preventing officer-involved shootings (OIS). RCA is a method of problem solving designed to identify core underlying factors that contributed to generate an undesirable outcome, organizational accident, or adverse event. Once these core underlying causative factors have been identified, participants in the system can fashion remedies that will prevent future occurrences of similar undesirable outcomes. RCA is part of a prospective, non-blaming “systems approach” to preventing error in complex human systems that has been successfully used to reduce errors in aviation, healthcare, manufacturing, nuclear power, …

Utilizing The Signaling Theory In Order To Enhance Minority Recruitment In Law Enforcement, Donald B. Terheide

Open Access Dissertations

Minority recruitment has been an emphasis for law enforcement agencies for decades. These agencies have attempted to recruit minority officers through different venues, including college visits, career fairs, advertising, high school visits, community organizations, and other avenues in an attempt to have their department more representative of the community. However, there has been a limited amount of research on the potential applicants’ perspective concerning how these recruiting efforts have persuaded them, and the messages conveyed to the applicants.

This dissertation has been written utilizing the Signaling Theory, and determining what signals are sent to minority applicants, and how they are …

Implementation Procedures For Puerto Rico's Environmental Laws, Sara Enid Camerón

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In 2004, Puerto Rico's new environmental legislation became part of the penal code with the intention of protecting the island nation's natural resources through criminal prosecution. However, the problem is a dearth of information about the prosecutions of environmental crimes and the law enforcement agent's implementation practices. The purpose of this study was to describe the execution of the law and the few cases prosecuted. Lipsky and Hull and Hjern's theory of implementation were used to help answer the research question: What are the implementation procedures of law enforcement agents on Puerto Rico's environmental crimes law, and what can be …

Law Enforcement And Training, Erika Tremblay

Master in Public Administration Theses

No abstract provided.

Community Down: The Loss Of Sergeant Joe Bergeron, John Edward Helcl Ii

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

What local government officials, administrators, and staff can expect and how to can help in the aftermath of a peace officer’s line-of-duty death within their community.

An Analysis Of The West Point Leadership And Command Programs Impact Upon Law Enforcement Leadership, Joseph Aloysius Devine

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Hot Topic: 2000 Legislative Changes Of Interest To Local Law Enforcement, Rex Barton

MTAS Publications: Hot Topics

The 2000 legislative session resulted in numerous changes that affect law enforcement in Tennessee. This publication highlights some of the more important changes.

Hot Topic: Requirements Of Fingerprint Law, Rex Barton

MTAS Publications: Hot Topics

The Fingerprint Law was originally passed in the 1997 legislative session. The original law mandated that local law enforcement agencies (1) Fingerprint every person arrested and forward the fingerprint cards to the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation (TBI), and (2) Maintain at least an 85 percent retention rate. (This means that the TBI should not reject more than 15 percent of the fingerprint cards due to poor quality.)

Hot Topic: New Domestic Abuse Statute Mandates Arrests In Domestic Abuse Situations, Rex Barton

MTAS Publications: Hot Topics

The legislature intends that the official response to domestic abuse stresses enforcing the laws to protect the victim. Therefore, after July 1, 1995, the preferred response in a domestic abuse case is to arrest the primary aggressor, according to Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 36, Chapter 3, Part 6.

That Precious 'Ambience', Chester Smolski

Smolski Texts

"Colette Peters, former Rhode Island School of Design student, renowned cake baker and author of Colette's Cakes, was recently asked about her food memories of Providence. This current resident of New York said, 'Haven Brothers! We'd go to Haven Brothers for hot dogs when I was a student at RISD. It was what we could afford.'"

Technical Bulletins: The Police Bill Of Rights: Not For Everyone, Dennis Huffer, Richard Stokes

MTAS Publications: Technical Bulletins

In 1989, the state legislature passed an Act affecting the manner in which certain police officers are disciplined. The Act, Chapter 398 of the 1989 General Assembly, known as the Police Bill of Rights, requires that, effective January 1, 1990, questioning of any police officers on matters that are likely to lead to the discipline of officers for punitive reasons, take place at a reasonable time and place designated by the investigating official. Of extreme significance is the fact that the act applies only to municipalities that already provide a property interest in employment and have no other established grievance …

Technical Bulletins: New Law Changes The Definition Of Police Officer And Sets For Auxiliary/Reserve Officers In Tennessee, Joe Muscatello

MTAS Publications: Technical Bulletins

This Technical Bulletin discusses changes in Tennessee Code Annotated (TCA) and the Rules of Tennessee Peace Officer Standards and Training (P.O.S.T.) Commission regarding the status and definition of part-time, temporary, reserve, and auxiliary officers within police departments.

Technical Bulletins: The Business Of Crime: Research Findings Reveal Economic Motives, Phillip E. Keith

MTAS Publications: Technical Bulletins

This Technical Bulletin discusses the business of crime and advises that understanding crime as a business is paramount when public officials develop policies and programs designed to prevent or contain criminal activity.

Municipal Law Enforcement Management Report 1989 No. 2: Managing Liability Exposure: A Model For Law Enforcement, Phillip E. Keith

MTAS Publications: Full Publications

Learning methods to address liability exposure are required for municipal managers to act effectively. This report is intended to heighten the awareness of local municipal managers by reviewing causes of liability and outlining risk reduction strategies.

Municipal Law Enforcement Management Report 1989 No. 3: Weapons Retention, Phillip E. Keith

MTAS Publications: Full Publications

Weapons Retention will assist elected officials, city managers, and law enforcement administrators to identify issues when selecting weapons for their police departments and to recognize the importance of training and legal issues that must be considered. This report also discusses the selection of weapons, the minimum training required by the State of Tennessee, and the legal issues surrounding their use.

Technical Bulletins: Information System Funding Available For Municipal Law Enforcement Agents, Phillip A. Keith

MTAS Publications: Technical Bulletins

This Technical Bulletin discusses opportunities for Tennessee municipalities to obtain funding for the purpose of developing or enhancing computerized information systems. The available funding aimed to provide Tennessee law enforcement agencies with newly developed technology and to upgrade the quality of law enforcement data across the state.

The Police Response To Domestic Violence Incidents, Phillip E. Keith

MTAS Publications: Full Publications

Within the past few years, domestic violence has come to the forefront in demanding the attention of the criminal justice system. This report explains many of the myths associated with domestic violence, reviews the literature on domestic violence, and provides practical steps for establishing policies and procedures related to domestic violence within law enforcement agencies.

MTAS Municipal Law Enforcement Management Report no. 1

Technical Bulletins: Procedures For Issuance Of Ordinance Summonses In Lieu Of Arrest Warrants, Randy Williams, Dennis Huffer

MTAS Publications: Technical Bulletins

In April, 1986, Tennessee Code Annotated, Sections 7-63-201 through 7-63-204 became effective, authorizing municipalities to appoint enforcement officers by resolution or ordinance to issue ordinance summonses in the areas of sanitation, litter control, and animal control. Attached to this bulletin are sample ordinance and resolution formats.

Technical Bulletins: The Anti-Drug Abuse Act Of 1986 Looks To State And Local Involvement And Participation, Garland Musick

MTAS Publications: Technical Bulletins

This Technical Bulletin discusses the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-570, signed October 27, 1986), which authorized the Bureau of Justice to make grants to states for their use and/or the use of local government.

Regulating Video Arcades Is No Game, Chester Smolski

Smolski Texts

"Improvement on Washington Street is needed. The Providence Board of Licenses is about to determine if the Saturn's Rings video arcade on Washington street should have its license renewed. The issue is as critical as it is controversial."

Clean City Center Requires Cooperation, Chester Smolski

Smolski Texts

"The drive to clean Providence's downtown got off to a well publicized start last month. On the first day 23 drivers had their cars towed from the streets of the city, paid $15 towing fees, received $5 parking tickets, and had the traumatic experience of thinking their vehicles had been stolen."