Design of Experiments and Sample Surveys Commons^™

Successful Aging And Creativity : An Investigation On Functional Status And Psychological Wellbeing In Older Adults, Mirie E. Levy

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Objectives: While the literature supports the maintenance of functional status as integral to successful aging, the relationship of creativity on functional status has received little attention. Creativity has been associated with health and aging in the research but only a small number of studies have examined creativity interventions to enhance functional status and boost psychological wellbeing.

Methods: A pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was used to investigate an 8-week creativity intervention on functional status and psychological wellbeing in older adults. Sample subjects were 92 men and women all over age 60. A series of two-way mixed ANOVAs measured differences between treatment and …

The Association Of Diet And Physical Activity With Stroke Mortality Results From The Adventist Health Study-1, Tahereh Zamansani

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability, with major global public health implications. Stroke ranks No. 4 among all causes of death, behind heart disease, cancer, and chronic lower respiratory disease (CLRD). Stroke accounts for almost 1 of every 18 deaths in the United States. Women accounted for 60.6% of stroke deaths. Death certificate data show that the mean age at stroke death was 79.6 years; males had a younger mean age (76.3) than females.

There is still a great scientific uncertainty among researchers and epidemiologists about the magnitude of any preventive effect, mechanisms of action …

Inflammatory Findings On Species Extrapolations: Humans Are Definitely No 70-Kg Mice, Marcel Leist, Thomas Hartung

Validation of Alternative Methods Collection

Modern toxicology has embraced in vitro methods, and major hopes are based on the Omics technologies and systems biology approaches they bring along (Hartung and McBride in ALTEX 28(2):83–93, 2011; Hartung et al. in ALTEX 29(2):119–28, 2012). A culture of stringent validation has been developed for such approaches (Leist et al. in ALTEX 27(4):309–317, 2010; ALTEX 29(4):373–88, 2012a; Toxicol Res 1:8–22, 2012b), while the quality and usefulness of animal experiments have been little scrutinized. A new study (Seok et al. 2013) now shows the low predictivity of animal responses in the field of inflammation. These findings corroborate earlier findings from …

Food For Thought … Mechanistic Validation, Thomas Hartung, Sebastian Hoffman, Martin Stephens

Experimentation Collection

Validation of new approaches in regulatory toxicology is commonly defined as the independent assessment of the reproducibility and relevance (the scientific basis and predictive capacity) of a test for a particular purpose. In large ring trials, the emphasis to date has been mainly on reproducibility and predictive capacity (comparison to the traditional test) with less attention given to the scientific or mechanistic basis. Assessing predictive capacity is difficult for novel approaches (which are based on mechanism), such as pathways of toxicity or the complex networks within the organism (systems toxicology). This is highly relevant for implementing Toxicology for the 21st …