Physics Commons^™

Measurement Of Time-Dependent Cp Violation Parameters In B0 → K0 S K0 S K0 S Decays At Belle, K. H. Kang, H. Park, T. Higuchi, K. Miyabayashi, K. Miyabayashi, K. Sumisawa, I. Adachi, J. K. Ahn, H. Aihara, S. Al Said, D. M. Asner, V. Aulchenko, T. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, S. Bahinipati, A. M. Bakich, P. Behera, Milind Purohit, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

We measure the time-dependent CPviolation parameters in B0 → K⁰ _S K⁰ _S K⁰ _S decays using 772 × 10⁶ BB̅ pairs collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e⁺e⁻ collider. The obtained mixing-induced and direct CP asymmetries are −0.71 ± 0.23 (stat) ± 0.05 (syst) and 0.12 ± 0.16 (stat) ± 0.05 (syst), respectively. These values are consistent with the Standard Model predictions. The significance of CP violation differs from zero by 2.5 standard deviations.

Measurement Of Time-Dependent Cp Violation Parameters In B0 → K0 S K0 S K0 S Decays At Belle, K. H. Kang, H. Park, T. Higuchi, K. Miyabayashi, K. Sumisawa, I. Adachi, J. K. Ahn, H. Aihara, S. Al Said, D. M. Asner, V. Aulchenko, T. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, S. Bahinipati, A. M. Bakich, P. Behera, C. Beleño, J. Bennett, Milind Purohit, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

We measure the time-dependent CP violation parameters in B0 → K⁰ _S K⁰ _S K⁰ _S decays using 772 × 10⁶ BB̅ pairs collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e⁺e⁻ collider. The obtained mixing-induced and direct CP asymmetries are −0.71 ± 0.23 (stat) ± 0.05 (syst) and 0.12 ± 0.16 (stat) 0.05 (syst), respectively. These values are consistent with the Standard Model predictions. The significance of CP violation differs from zero by 2.5 standard deviations.

First Measurement Of Neutrino Oscillation Parameters Using Neutrinos And Antineutrinos By Nova, M. A. Acero, P. Adamson, L. Aliaga, T. Alion, V. Allakhverdian, S. Altakarli, N. Anfimov, A. Antoshkin, A. Aurisano, A. Back, C. Backhouse, M. Baird, N. Balashov, P. Baldi, B. A. Bambah, S. Bashar, K. Bays, S. Bending, R. Bernstein, V. Bhatnagar, Roberto Petti, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

The NOvA experiment has seen a 4.4σ signal of ⊽ _e appearance in a 2 GeV⊽_μ beam at a distance of 810 km. Using 12.33×10²⁰ protons on target delivered to the Fermilab NuMI neutrino beamline, the experiment recorded 27 ⊽_μ→⊽_e candidates with a background of 10.3 and 102⊽_μ→⊽_μ candidates. This new antineutrino data are combined with neutrino data to measure the parameters |Δm ² ₃₂ | = 2.48 ^+0.11 _-0.06 x 10 ^-3 eV² / c⁴ and sin² θ₂₃ in the ranges …

Force Oscillations Distort Avalanche Shapes, Louis W. Mcfaul, Wendelin J. Wright, Jordan Sickle, Karin A. Dahmen

Faculty Journal Articles

Contradictory scaling behavior in experiments testing the principle of universality may be due to external oscillations. Thus, the effect of damped oscillatory external forces on slip avalanches in slowly deformed solids is simulated using a mean-field model. Akin to a resonance effect, oscillatory driving forces change the dynamics of avalanches with durations close to the oscillation period. This problem can be avoided by tuning mechanical resonance frequencies away from the range of the inverse avalanche durations. The results provide critical guidance for experimental tests for universality and a quantitative understanding of avalanche dynamics under a wide range of driving conditions.

Parametric Generation Of Multimegahertz Acoustic Oscillations In Laser-Generated Multibubble System In Bulk Water, Sergey I. Kudryashov, Kevin Lyon, Susan D. Allen

Susan D. Allen

Using a nanosecond C O2 laser for explosive surface boiling of bulk water, oscillatory acoustic transients from steam bubbles were recorded using a contact photoacoustic technique. Multiple well-resolved, high-amplitude multimegahertz spectral features reflecting parametric interactions between oscillations of cavitating steam bubbles were revealed in the fast Fourier transformation spectra of these transients. A potential parametric generation mechanism for these oscillation modes of steam bubbles is discussed.

© 2006 American Institute of Physics.

Quantum And Classical Transport Of 2d Electrons In The Presence Of Long And Short Range Disorder, Jesse Kanter

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This work focuses on the study of electron transport of 2-D electron gas systems in relation to both fundamental properties of the systems such as disorder and scattering mechanisms, as well as unique magnetoresistance (MR) effects. A large portion of the discussion is built around the use of an in plane magnetic field to vary the ratio between the Zeeman energy between electrons of different spins and the Landau level spacing, creating a tool to control the quantization of the density of states (DOS).

This tool is first used to isolate Quantum Positive Magnetoresistance (QPMR), which grants insight to the …

Oscillation Of The Ionosphere At Planetary-Wave Periods, Jeffrey M. Forbes, Astrid Maute, Xiaoli Zhang, Maura E. Hagan

All Physics Faculty Publications

F‐region ionospheric oscillations at planetary‐wave (PW) periods (2–20 days) are investigated, with primary focus on those oscillations transmitted to the ionosphere by PW modulation of the vertically propagating tidal spectrum. Tidal effects are isolated by specifically designed numerical experiments performed with the National Center for Atmospheric Research thermosphere‐ionosphere‐electrodynamics general circulation model for October 2009, when familiar PW and tides are present in the model. Longitude versus day‐of‐month perturbations in topside F‐region electron density (Ne) of order ±30–50% at PW periods occur as a result of PW‐modulated tides. At a given height, these oscillations are mainly due to vertical oscillations in …

On Oxygen-Rich Sr Variables In The Solar Neighborhood, Tuncay Özdemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Physics

Brightness distribution of variable stars was investigated based on good Hipparcos parallaxes of semiregular variables (SRVs) in the solar neighborhood, and it is shown that the order of the variability types Lb, SR, SRb, SRa, and Mira is, statistically, an order of increasing brightness along the red giant branch and asymptotic giant branch. In addition, it is also shown that the majority of Miras are above and majority of SRVs are below the tip of the red giant branch. The periods of SRVs that fall in Wood's sequence C (fundamental mode) of large Magellanic clouds were identified. Statistically, the order …

Neutrino Oscillations And The Reno Experiment, Karla Rosita Tellez Giron Flores

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Neutrinos are the second most common particles in the universe, after the photons. Neutrinos (and antineutrinos) exist in three different "flavors", namely, electron, tau and muon neutrinos. A physical neutrino, however, can oscillate among these three flavors and, thus, it is said to be a mix of the three flavor states. In quantum mechanics representation, it is said that the three flavor states are the mixture of the three mass states. This mixture of neutrinos can generally be parameterized by the three so-called mixing angles (&thetas;12, &thetas;23, &thetas;13), three squared mass differences Δmij 2, i, j = 1, 2, 3 …

Fire, Ice, Water, And Dirt: A Simple Climate Model, John Kroll

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

A simple paleoclimate model was developed as a modeling exercise. The model is a lumped parameter system consisting of an ocean (water), land (dirt), glacier, and sea ice (ice) and driven by the sun (fire). In comparison with other such models, its uniqueness lies in its relative simplicity yet yielding good results. For nominal values of parameters, the system is very sensitive to small changes in the parameters, yielding equilibrium, steady oscillations, and catastrophes such as freezing or boiling oceans. However, stable solutions can be found, especially naturally oscillating solutions. For nominally realistic conditions, natural periods of order 100kyrs are …

Foundations Of Wave Phenomena, Charles G. Torre

Charles G. Torre

This is an undergraduate text on the mathematical foundations of wave phenomena. Version 8.2.

Phenomenology Of N-N̄ Oscillations Revisited, Susan Gardner, Ehsan Jafari

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

We revisit the phenomenology of n−n̄ oscillations in the presence of external magnetic fields, highlighting the role of spin. We show, contrary to long-held belief, that the n−n̄ transition rate need not be suppressed, opening new opportunities for its empirical study.

Quantum Harmonic Oscillator With Superoscillating Initial Datum, Roman V. Buniy, Fabrizio Colombo, Irene Sabadini, Daniele C. Struppa

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In this paper, we study the evolution of superoscillating initial data for the quantum driven harmonic oscillator. Our main result shows that superoscillations are amplified by the harmonic potential and that the analytic solution develops a singularity in finite time. We also show that for a large class of solutions of the Schrodinger equation, superoscillating behavior at any given time implies superoscillating behavior at any other time.

Bubbling The False Vacuum Away, M. Gleiser, B. Rogers, J. Thorarinson

Dartmouth Scholarship

We investigate the role of nonperturbative, bubble-like inhomogeneities on the decay rate of false- vacuum states in two and three-dimensional scalar field theories. The inhomogeneities are induced by setting up large-amplitude oscillations of the field about the false vacuum as, for example, after a rapid quench or in certain models of cosmological inflation. We show that, for a wide range of parameters, the presence of large-amplitude bubble-like inhomogeneities greatly accelerates the de- cay rate, changing it from the well-known exponential suppression of homogeneous nucleation to a power-law suppression. It is argued that this fast, power-law vacuum decay – known as …

Submicrosecond Dynamics Of Water Explosive Boiling And Lift-Off From Laser-Heated Silicon Surfaces, S. I. Kudryashov, S. D. Allen

Mechanical Engineering - Daytona Beach

Explosive boiling and lift-off of a thin layer of micron-sized transparent water droplets from an absorbing Si substrate heated by a nanosecond KrF laser were studied using a contact photoacoustic technique. The compressive photoacoustic response increases steeply to an asymptotic value on the order of the water critical pressure starting at a threshold laser fluence of 0.20 J cm2, where lift-off of the water layer also occurs. Above this threshold, several reproducible discrete multimegahertz components are revealed in Fourier spectra of the acoustic transients, corresponding to nanosecond oscillations of steam bubbles inside the water droplets on the microsecond time scale …

Parametric Generation Of Multimegahertz Acoustic Oscillations In Laser-Generated Multibubble System In Bulk Water, Sergey I. Kudryashov, Kevin Lyon, Susan D. Allen

Mechanical Engineering - Daytona Beach

Using a nanosecond C O2 laser for explosive surface boiling of bulk water, oscillatory acoustic transients from steam bubbles were recorded using a contact photoacoustic technique. Multiple well-resolved, high-amplitude multimegahertz spectral features reflecting parametric interactions between oscillations of cavitating steam bubbles were revealed in the fast Fourier transformation spectra of these transients. A potential parametric generation mechanism for these oscillation modes of steam bubbles is discussed.

© 2006 American Institute of Physics.

Search For ΝΜ→ΝE Oscillations In The Nomad Experiment, Nomad Collaboration, P. Astier, D. Autiero, A. Baldisseri, M. Baldo-Ceolin, M. Banner, G. Bassompierre, K. Benslama, N. Besson, I. Bird, B. Blumenfeld, F. Bobisut, J. Bouchez, S. Boyd, A. Bueno, S. Buyatov, L. Camilleri, A. Cardini, P. W. Cattaneo, V. Cavasinni, Roberto Petti, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

We present the results of a search for ν_µ → ν_e oscillations in the NOMAD experiment at CERN. The experiment looked for the appearance of ν_e in a predominantly ν_µ wide-band neutrino beam at the CERN SPS. No evidence for oscillations was found. The 90% confidence limits obtained are ∆m² < 0.4 eV² for maximal mixing and sin²(2θ)−3 for large ∆m². This result excludes the LSND allowed region of oscillation parameters with ∆m² ≳∆10 eV².

Perturbative And Nonperturbative Calculations Of Electron-Hydrogen Ionization, Stephenie J. Jones, Don H. Madison, Mark D. Baertschy

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We compare calculations of the fully differential cross section for ionization of atomic hydrogen by electron impact using two different theories-the perturbative CDW-EIS (continuum distorted wave with eikonal initial state) approximation and the nonperturbative ECS (exterior complex scaling) method. For this comparison, we chose an impact energy of 54.4 eV, since this is near the lowest energy that our perturbative approach would be applicable and near the highest energy that can be tackled by the ECS method with our present computational resources. For the case of equal-energy outgoing electrons investigated here, the two theories predict nearly identical results except that …

Electric Field Controlled, Pulsed Autoionization In Two Electron Wave Packets, J. Greg Story, Heider N. Ereifej

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, control of the evolution of a two electron wave packet through the application of a static electric field is demonstrated. Specifically, application of a small electric field is used to produce pulsed autoionization events, the timing of which can be controlled on a picosecond time scale. The technique is demonstrated by exciting calcium atoms using a short-pulsed laser to the 4p_3/219d doubly excited state, which is energy degenerate with the 4p_1/2nk stark states. Evolution of the resultant wave packet is monitored through the application of a second short laser pulse, which stimulates the …

Next-To-Leading Order Qcd Corrections For The B⁰B⁰ Mixing With An Extended Higgs Sector, Jorg Org Urban, Frank Krauss, Ulrich D. Jentschura, Gerhard Soff

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We present a calculation of the B⁰B⁰ mixing including next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD corrections within the Two-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM). The QCD corrections at NLO are contained in the factor denoted by η₂ which modifies the result obtained at the lowest order of perturbation theory. In the Standard Model case, we confirm the results for η₂ obtained by Buras, Jamin and Weisz [Nucl. Phys, B 347 (1990) 491]. The factor η₂ is gauge and renormalization prescription invariant and it does not depend on the infrared behaviour of the theory, which constitutes an important test …