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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Physics
Metal-Induced Bystander Effects: Mechanism And Implicationis., Nicola Cogan
Metal-Induced Bystander Effects: Mechanism And Implicationis., Nicola Cogan
Doctoral
The radiation-induced bystander effect is a phenomenon known to occur post irradiation, characterised by the induction of biological effects in unirradiated cells as a result of receiving signals from irradiated cells or their culture medium. Chemicalinduced bystander effects are poorly characterised and there are no reports of a bystander effect induced by metals. Heavy metals and in particular chromium (VI) are known to cause persistent genomic instability. For the first time, this study provides evidence that a short, low-dose exposure of human fibroblasts to chromium (VI) causes a bystander effect in human fibroblasts that persists for at least thirty days …
Development Of Renal Phantoms For The Evaluation Of Current And Emerging Ultrasound Technology, Deirdre King
Development Of Renal Phantoms For The Evaluation Of Current And Emerging Ultrasound Technology, Deirdre King
Doctoral
The primary aim of this project was to develop novel anatomically realistic renal phantoms for the evaluation of current and emerging ultrasound techniques capable of diagnosing all grades of renal artery stenosis. Renal artery stenosis is considered the most common cause of potentially curable secondary hypertension which if left untreated can lead to renal failure. Its early detection is very important as it offers the possibility of various drug treatments, which are considerably less invasive and poses less risk to the patient. Computer-aided modelling techniques were used to generate a range of anatomically realistic phantoms of the renal artery from …
Toxicity Assessment Of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Eva Herzog
Toxicity Assessment Of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Eva Herzog
Doctoral
The objective of this study was to investigate the potential adverse health effects of occupational exposure to SWCNT dust using various in vitro approaches. Lung epithelium (represented by A549 and NHBE cells) was chosen as target cell model and exposed to minimally processed particle samples under submerse conditions and effects were compared to that of carbon black and crocidolite asbestos exposure. Cytotoxicity studies indicated low acute cytotoxicity of SWCNT. Morphological changes included decreases in microvilli and increased numbers of surfactant storing lamellar bodies and changes in cytoskeleton. Due to interactions of SWCNT and toxicity indicator dyes, the clonogenic assay was …
Development And Evaluation Of A Novel Automated Physchophysical Instrument For The Investigation Of Nyctalopia Using Multiple Stimulus Light Emitting Diode Matrix Display Arrays., David M.C. O'Brien
Development And Evaluation Of A Novel Automated Physchophysical Instrument For The Investigation Of Nyctalopia Using Multiple Stimulus Light Emitting Diode Matrix Display Arrays., David M.C. O'Brien
Doctoral
Vitamin A deficiency primarily affects young children in developing countries, the symptoms of which initially present as nyctalopia, an inability of the eyes of ‘see’ in low luminance levels, specifically at twilight or at night. Vitamin A deficiency is a major cause of blindness in developing countries and is associated with significant increases in child morbidity and mortality. Nyctalopia may be examined using dark adaptometry; however, current methods of dark adaptometry have many practical limitations, including their unsuitability for use with children. This thesis reports on the design, construction, testing and evaluation of a novel automated dark adaptometer for use …
The Use Of Raman Spectroscopy In The Characterization Of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Elizabeth Gregan
The Use Of Raman Spectroscopy In The Characterization Of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Elizabeth Gregan
Doctoral
Carbon nanotubes, long, thin cylinders of carbon are intriguing structures and
have sparked much excitement in recent years. It is clear that understanding the fundamental properties of nanotubes is necessary to get a realisation of the full potential of these materials. Processing and purification on a mass scale will need to be carried out if these materials are to have large scale industrial applications and move beyond the laboratory bench. Highly sensitive, capital intensive equipment such as TEM and AFM, have been used to identify the state and morphology of tube samples as well as their levels of purity, however …
A Phenomenographic Study Of Introductory Physics Students: Approaches To Problem Solving And Conceptualisation Of Knowledge., Laura Walsh
Doctoral
This phenomenographic study presents a description of the approaches to problem solving and conceptualisation of physics knowledge of introductory physics students, specifically in the context of the Irish higher education system. Much research has been carried out that has shown that physics students are not developing the conceptual knowledge necessary to become adept problem-solvers. This may be due to the traditional physics education assumption that students will develop an understanding of the conceptual nature of physics by repetitively solving quantitative problems. However, research has shown that this is not the case and that education and the curriculum needs to explicitly …
Holographic Liquid Crystal Devices, Kotakonda Pavani
Holographic Liquid Crystal Devices, Kotakonda Pavani
Doctoral
Liquid crystals have become natural candidates for use in electro-optic devices for their ability to change the orientation of the director with the application of an electric field, and exhibiting large range of refractive index. The aim of the work presented in this thesis is to fabricate liquid crystal optoelectronic devices such as electrically switchable liquid crystal diffraction gratings and polarization rotators by exploiting the holographic surface relief effect in photopolymer and by developing novel polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs). Alignment of liquid crystals is commercially achieved by creating grooves on a conducting layer such as polyimide or indium tin …
Quantitative Analyses Of Dispersion, Doping And Electronic Separation Of Single Wall Hipco Carbon Nanotubes, Priya Baskar Rao
Quantitative Analyses Of Dispersion, Doping And Electronic Separation Of Single Wall Hipco Carbon Nanotubes, Priya Baskar Rao
Doctoral
As prepared SWNTs are obtained in bundles with a mixture of both metallic and semi conducting tubes. For many specific applications, electronically separated single individual tubes are required and in order to reach these application criteria, the tubes should be processed. This thesis reports on a systematic exploration of methods to routinely process, electronically separate and characterise commercially available single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Commercially available HiPco SWNTs were dispersed in water with the assistance of 1 % by weight sodium dodecyl benzene sulphate (SDBS). The tubes were dispersed in the water surfactant system through the aid of sonication and …