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Articles 1 - 30 of 39
Full-Text Articles in Physics
Computational Modeling Of Superconductivity From The Set Of Time-Dependent Ginzburg-Landau Equations For Advancements In Theory And Applications, Iris Mowgood
Computational and Data Sciences (PhD) Dissertations
A full review of the research conducted and published during my PhD studies in Computational and Data Sciences at Chapman University, under the advisement of Dr. Armen Gulian, are presented. Using the set of time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) equations with inclusion of the interference current and the non-equilibrium phonon term, we modeled the dynamics of superconductors in various theory revealing states and practical purposes. A review of the history and phenomenon of superconductivity, including modern applications, is introduced. The Josephson effect and associated Josephson junction are discussed for comparison to our analogous results with the 1-D superconducting wire. The mathematics of …
Stoichiometric Determination Of Hydride Materials At Extreme Conditions, Gregory Alexander Smith
Stoichiometric Determination Of Hydride Materials At Extreme Conditions, Gregory Alexander Smith
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Hydrogen was predicted to be a high-temperature superconductor at near-megabar conditions in 1968,[1] but only recently was been experimentally observed.[2] This is due to the extraneous metrological constraint of requiring 5 megabars of pressure to stabilize. A more practical approach for synthesis of high-temperature superconductors has been pro-posed through the use of hydride compounds. Recently, a surge of rare earth hydrides have achieved critical superconducting transition temperatures (T_C ) close to room temperature.[3, 4, 5, 6] However, due to limitations of the necessary instrumentation to achieve megabar pressures, many techniques traditionally used to measure stoichiometry are unavailable.Three works presented in …
Nb3Sn Coating Of Twin Axis Cavity And Other Complex Srf Cavity Structures, Jayendrika Kumari Tiskumara
Nb3Sn Coating Of Twin Axis Cavity And Other Complex Srf Cavity Structures, Jayendrika Kumari Tiskumara
Physics Theses & Dissertations
In the field of Accelerator Science, for the low cost and increased quality factor, thin films coated niobium cavities are used in the modern SRF research. Within the potential substances, Nb3Sn has shown higher critical temperature than niobium. Here the tin vapor diffusion method is used as the preferred technique to coat niobium cavities. So far, only elliptical cavities have been coated with Nb3Sn and this technique has not yet been applied to cavities with complex geometries, which are also helpful in the accelerator science field. The Half-wave resonator could provide us data across frequencies of …
Developing Effective Theories: A Case Study In Monolayer Iron Selenide, Joseph O'Halloran
Developing Effective Theories: A Case Study In Monolayer Iron Selenide, Joseph O'Halloran
Theses and Dissertations
In this work, we outline the development of a series of models which have allowed us to investigate the low-temperature phases of monolayer FeSe. These models are built using group theoretic arguments to ensure the constraints provided by the crystal symmetry are satisfied. We investigate the interplay between stripe antiferromagnetism and spin-vortex crystal order in the framework of the Landau theory of phase transitions. By considering inversion symmetry breaking terms in the Landau free-energy, we show that the spin-vortex crystal is preferred when the non-symmorphic parent symmetry group $P4/nmm$ is reduced to a symmorphic subgroup.
We also consider symmetry constraints …
Numerical Calculation Of Losses Of Trapped Vortices Under Strong Rf Meissner Current And Dc Superheating Field In Type Ii Superconductors, Walive Pathiranage Manula Randhika Pathirana
Numerical Calculation Of Losses Of Trapped Vortices Under Strong Rf Meissner Current And Dc Superheating Field In Type Ii Superconductors, Walive Pathiranage Manula Randhika Pathirana
Physics Theses & Dissertations
Research on the vortex dynamics and enhancing of superheating field in superconductors has attracted much attention in accelerator physics community to develop next-generation high-performance accelerator cavities. However, the extreme dynamics of curvilinear elastic vortices driven by very strong currents close to the depairing limit or superheating field of a superconductor with a nanostructured surface has not been well understood. We calculated the superheating field Hsh and critical momentum kc characterizing the wavelength of the instability λm of the Meissner state to flux penetration by solving numerically the Ginzburg-Landau equations. A bulk superconductor, superconductor with the inhomogeneous surface disorder …
Novel Low Temperature Properties Of Filled And Unfilled Single Crystal Irsb3, Matthew Cook
Novel Low Temperature Properties Of Filled And Unfilled Single Crystal Irsb3, Matthew Cook
Dissertations
The skutterudite family of materials has garnered a lot of attention in the condensed matter community and it persists to be an important system for exploring the fundamental physics of solids. The initial interest into compounds with this common structure was due to their promising thermoelectric properties giving the possibility of efficient energy harvesting. Since, there has been a huge effort to systematically synthesize new filled skutterudite compounds, as nearly every type of strongly correlated behavior has been found within this family. As the field of topological materials has gained momentum, these materials have also been given a renewed interest …
Numerical Studies Of Superconductivity And Charge-Density-Waves: Progress On The 2d Holstein Model And A Superconductor-Metal Bilayer, Philip M. Dee
Numerical Studies Of Superconductivity And Charge-Density-Waves: Progress On The 2d Holstein Model And A Superconductor-Metal Bilayer, Philip M. Dee
Doctoral Dissertations
The problem of superconductivity has been central in many areas of condensed matter physics for over 100 years. Despite this long history, there is still no theory capable of describing both conventional and unconventional superconductors. Recent experimental observations such as the dilute superconductivity in SrTiO3 and near room-temperature superconductivity in hydride compounds under extreme pressure have renewed interest in electron-phonon systems. Adding to this is evidence that electron-phonon coupling may play a supporting role in unconventional systems like the cuprates and monolayer FeSe on SrTiO3.
One way to make sense of these observations is to construct simple …
Majorana Quasiparticles In Topological Material Interfaces, David Alspaugh
Majorana Quasiparticles In Topological Material Interfaces, David Alspaugh
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
In this dissertation we analyze how Majorana quasiparticles found on material interfaces of both topological insulators (TIs) and topological superconductors (TSCs) are affected by imperfections within their local environment. While these quasiparticles are predicted to be critical for the construction of quantum computers, they are typically modeled only under pristine conditions. Thus, although quantum computers may require the spatial manipulation of Majorana quasiparticles, these topological material interfaces are commonly studied in static contexts and their response to manipulation remains an open question. We first demonstrate that interface potentials on the topological insulator Bi2Se3 can enable the emergence …
Experimental Exploration Of Shared Magnetic Phases Between Diverse Systems Of Iron-Pnictide Superconductors, Ryan Scott Stadel
Experimental Exploration Of Shared Magnetic Phases Between Diverse Systems Of Iron-Pnictide Superconductors, Ryan Scott Stadel
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
The exciting field of iron-pnictide superconductors offers unique opportunities for studying the relationship between magnetism and unconventional superconductivity. This is vital to developing an understanding of the microscopic origin of high-temperature superconductivity, which is itself an important step in harnessing such a potentially revolutionary technology.
Polycrystalline and crystalline samples are synthesized over a diverse collection of related iron-pnictide systems including (Ca,Sr,Ba)1-xNaxFe2As2, Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 (122s), and LaFeAs1-xPxO, and TbFeAs1-xPxO (1111s). These compounds are characterized through various types of neutron and x-ray diffraction on multiple instruments, as well as muon spin resonance, and magnetic susceptibility measurements.
A thorough investigation into the conditions under …
Exploring Structural And Electronic Properties Of Triangular Adatom Layers On The Silicon Surface Through Adsorbate Doping, Tyler S. Smith
Exploring Structural And Electronic Properties Of Triangular Adatom Layers On The Silicon Surface Through Adsorbate Doping, Tyler S. Smith
Doctoral Dissertations
The analysis of the electronic structure and morphology of 1/3 monolayers (ML) of Sn or Pb on Si(111) and Ge(111) has played an important role in understanding the role of electronic correlations in two dimensions. Specifically, the two-dimensional lattice of partially filled dangling bonds of these so-called α-phases has been an important testbed for studying structural phase transitions and correlated electronic phenomena ever since the discovery of a surface charge density wave in the Pb/Ge(111) system more than two decades ago. With the exception of the novel Sn/Si(111) system, all $\alpha$-phases undergo a charge ordering transition at low temperature. The …
Magnesium Diboride Embedded Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Yarns, Ujjal Lamichhane
Magnesium Diboride Embedded Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Yarns, Ujjal Lamichhane
Theses and Dissertations
The discovery of superconductivity in a simple hexagonal binary compound of MgB2 at a relatively high critical temperature ~39 K renewed the interest in the field of superconductivity. Twisted laminar superconducting composite structures based on coiled multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) yarns were crafted by integrating magnesium and boron homogeneous mixture into the carbon nanotube sheets. After the ignition of the Mg/B/MWCNT system, under the controlled argon environment and uniform heating rate, the high exothermic reaction between magnesium (Mg) and boron (B) with stoichiometric ratio produced the MgB2/MWCNT superconducting composite yarns. The XRD analysis confirmed that the heated sample consists of …
The Synthesis Of Pb2sr2sm1-Xcaxcu3o8 And Characterization Of Its Structural And Superconducting Properties., Deblina Das
The Synthesis Of Pb2sr2sm1-Xcaxcu3o8 And Characterization Of Its Structural And Superconducting Properties., Deblina Das
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Superconducting lead-based cuprate materials of the 2213 structural type, Pb2Sr2MCu3O8 (M=Sm1-xCax, Y1-xCax, Er1-xCax and Yb1-xCax), were synthesized and characterized using x-ray powder diffraction and the Rietveld structural refinements method. Pb2Sr2Sm1-xCaxCu3O8 single crystals were grown by an optimized flux method using various combinations of PbO/PbF2 solvents. Samples with different Sm/Ca ratios were investigated for their superconducting properties. Magnetic measurements reveal the presence of a transition at 120K. Preliminary x-ray diffuse scattering experiment at the Advanced Photon Source of Argonne National Laboratory demonstrates the high quality of one of our crystals and the presence of rod-like diffuse scattering connecting the Bragg peaks …
Current Induced Depairing And Mixed State Behavior In The Bite/Fete Interfacial Superconductor, Charles Louis Dean Ii
Current Induced Depairing And Mixed State Behavior In The Bite/Fete Interfacial Superconductor, Charles Louis Dean Ii
Theses and Dissertations
The Bi2Te3/FeTe heterostructure intersects several phenomena and key classes of materials in condensed matter physics: topological insulators, superconductivity, magnetism, and the physics of interfaces. While neither the topological insulator (BiTe) nor the iron chalcogenide (FeTe) are themselves superconductors, superconductivity forms in a thin 7nm interfacial layer between the two. The restricted dimensionality and the extraordinarily conductive normal state, possibly sourced by the topologically protected surface states, have led to the observation of novel phenomena such as the Likharev vortex explosion and transitions in behavior resulting from the interplay between current induced depairing and the Berezinski-Kosterlitz-Thouless regime. The measured depairing current …
Non-Centrosymmetric Superconductivity And Magnetism In The Presence Of Broken Symmetries, Mojammel Alam Khan
Non-Centrosymmetric Superconductivity And Magnetism In The Presence Of Broken Symmetries, Mojammel Alam Khan
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Non-centrosymmetric (NC) superconducting and magnetic compounds have been synthesized and investigated using magnetic, specific heat, and transport measurements, as well as by neutron scattering and quantum oscillations. The crystal structures of NC compounds are defined by the lack of an inversion center. In NC superconductors, a finite antisymmetric spin orbit coupling originating from broken inversion symmetry results in unconventional Cooper pairing. Instead of a single spin channel, the order parameter is a mixture of spin-singlet and spin-triplet states. For NC magnetic compounds, the antisymmetric and isotropic spin interactions compete, leading to a helical ground state.
We have studied the NC …
Nonlinear Dynamics Of Vortices In Different Types Of Grain Boundaries, Ahmad K. Sheikhzada
Nonlinear Dynamics Of Vortices In Different Types Of Grain Boundaries, Ahmad K. Sheikhzada
Physics Theses & Dissertations
As a major component of linear particle accelerators, superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) resonator cavities are required to operate with lowest energy dissipation and highest accelerating gradient. SRF cavities are made of polycrystalline materials in which grain boundaries can limit maximum RF currents and produce additional power dissipation sources due to local penetration of Josephson vortices. The essential physics of vortex penetration and mechanisms of dissipation of vortices driven by strong RF currents along networks of grain boundaries and their contribution to the residual surface resistance have not been well understood. To evaluate how GBs can limit the performance of SRF materials, …
Crabbing System For An Electron-Ion Collider, Alejandro Castilla
Crabbing System For An Electron-Ion Collider, Alejandro Castilla
Physics Theses & Dissertations
As high energy and nuclear physicists continue to push further the boundaries of knowledge using colliders, there is an imperative need, not only to increase the colliding beams’ energies, but also to improve the accuracy of the experiments, and to collect a large quantity of events with good statistical sensitivity. To achieve the latter, it is necessary to collect more data by increasing the rate at which these pro- cesses are being produced and detected in the machine. This rate of events depends directly on the machine’s luminosity. The luminosity itself is proportional to the frequency at which the beams …
Power Distribution Of Terahertz Emission From Hexagonal Bscco Microstrip Antennas, Andrew E. Davis
Power Distribution Of Terahertz Emission From Hexagonal Bscco Microstrip Antennas, Andrew E. Davis
Honors Undergraduate Theses
We analyze the distribution of coherent terahertz radiation from a regular hexagonal microstrip antenna (MSA) made from the high-Tc superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x (BSCCO). We discuss the C6v symmetry of the solutions of the wave equation on a hexagonal domain and distinguish between the closed-form and non-closed-form solutions. The closed-form wavefunctions of the transverse magnetic (TM) electromagnetic cavity modes are presented and formulas for the radiated power arising from the uniform part of the AC Josephson current and from the resonant cavity modes are derived. The wavefunctions and angular distribution of radiation from …
The Effect Of Impurities On The Superconductivity Of Bscco-2212, John Vastola
The Effect Of Impurities On The Superconductivity Of Bscco-2212, John Vastola
Honors Undergraduate Theses
BSCCO-2212 is a high-temperature cuprate superconductor whose microscopic behavior is currently poorly understood. In particular, it is unclear whether its order parameter is consistent with s-wave or d-wave symmetry. It has been suggested that its order parameter might take one of several forms that are consistent with d-wave behavior. We present some calculations using the many-body theory approach to superconductivity that suggest that such order parameters would lead to a suppression of the critical temperature in the presence of impurities. Because some experiments have suggested the critical temperature of BSCCO-2212 is relatively independent of the concentration of impurities, this lends …
Wavelet Transform Of Optical Conductivity Of Bi2sr2cacu2o8+X In The Normal And Superconducting State, Patrick Janovick
Wavelet Transform Of Optical Conductivity Of Bi2sr2cacu2o8+X In The Normal And Superconducting State, Patrick Janovick
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
This paper compares the wavelet transform of the optical conductivity of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x in both the normal and the superconducting state. The wavelet transforms of the normal and superconducting state are also compared with wavelet transforms of the Drude model as well as the Lorentz model. The wavelet transform of the collected data for Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x is similar in shape to the Drude model. The wavelet transform of the collected data in the normal state corresponds to the Drude model with a high scattering rate and the collected …
Enhanced Magnetism In Dy And Tb At Extreme Pressure, Jinhyuk Lim
Enhanced Magnetism In Dy And Tb At Extreme Pressure, Jinhyuk Lim
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
At ambient pressure all lanthanide metals order magnetically at temperatures at or below ambient. The magnetic ordering is known to result from the indirect exchange interaction between localized 4f magnetic moments mediated by the surrounding conduction electrons, the so-called Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction. With the RKKY interaction the magnetic ordering temperature To is expected to be proportional to the de Gennes factor which is a function of the Landé g factor gJ and the total angular momentum J. For example, Gd has the highest value of To, 292 K, at ambient pressure as it has the largest de Gennes factor of …
Microscopic Theory Of The Knight Shift, Bianca Hall
Microscopic Theory Of The Knight Shift, Bianca Hall
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation is the beginning of the development of a microscopic theory of the Knight shift. The Knight shift experiment has been used in superconductivity research throughout history, however, a complete understanding of the Knight shift in conventional as well as unconventional superconductors does not yet exist. Motivated by the results of a literature review, which discusses Knight shift anomalies in multiple superconducting materials, this research studies a new model of the Knight shift, which involves the processes involved in nuclear magnetic resonance measurements in metals. The result of this study is a microscopic model of nuclear magnetic resonance in …
Study Of Ferroelectric Oxides And Field Effect In Complex Oxides Heterostructures, Lu Jiang
Study Of Ferroelectric Oxides And Field Effect In Complex Oxides Heterostructures, Lu Jiang
Doctoral Dissertations
With the rapid development of technology, the need for novel materials and state-of-theart devices is growing fast. Complex oxides which have strongly correlated electrons are favorable candidates for materials industry, due to their rich phase diagrams and multiple functions. Especially, ferroelectric oxides is very promising materials in the industry for storage, due to their bistable polarization states triggered by external electrical field. This thesis is centered on ferroelectric oxides, analyzing their lattice structures and investigating the interface of ferroelectrics and other complex oxides to examine the potential of the heteostructures in the application in electronic devices.
The most notable feature …
Investigation And Optimization Of A New Compact Superconducting Cavity For Deflecting And Crabbing Applications, Subashini Uddika De Silva
Investigation And Optimization Of A New Compact Superconducting Cavity For Deflecting And Crabbing Applications, Subashini Uddika De Silva
Physics Theses & Dissertations
Deflecting and crabbing structures have many applications in current accelerator systems. The primary use of a deflecting cavity is to separate a single beam into multiple beams. A crabbing cavity enables the head-on collision at the interaction point in particle colliders in order to increase the luminosity. The early uses of the deflecting structures have been in the early 1960s: these structures were disk loaded structures operating at room temperature. The crabbing structure which was installed at the NEK electron-positron collider was the first and only operational superconducting cavity of that kind. The most common design of superconducting deflecting and …
Neutron Scattering Studies Of Cuprates And Iron Pnictides, Mengshu Liu
Neutron Scattering Studies Of Cuprates And Iron Pnictides, Mengshu Liu
Doctoral Dissertations
Presented within are neutron scattering studies of several different high temperature superconducting materials: BaFe1.9Ni0.1As2 [Barium Iron Nickel Arsenic], BaFe1.85Ni0.15As2 [Barium Iron Nickel Arsenic], Ba0.67K0.33Fe2As2 [Barium Potassium Iron Arsenic], and Pr0.88LaCe0.12CuO4-y [Praseodymium Lanthanum Cerium Copper Oxide]. The main focus is on the magnetic excitations within the systems.
For BaFe1.9Ni0.1As2 [Barium Iron Nickel Arsenic], we measured the intensity of its magnetic excitations and compared the results with excitations in antiferromagnetic non-superconducting BaFe2As2 …
Reconstructions At The Interface In Complex Oxide Heterostructures With Strongly Correlated Electrons, Benjamin Gray
Reconstructions At The Interface In Complex Oxide Heterostructures With Strongly Correlated Electrons, Benjamin Gray
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Strongly correlated oxides exhibit a rich spectrum of closely competing orders near the localized-itinerant Mott insulator transition leaving their ground states ripe with instabilities susceptible to small perturbations such as lattice distortions, variation in stoichiometry, magnetic and electric fields, etc. As the field of interfacial engineering has matured, these underlying instabilities in the electronic structure of correlated oxides continue to be leveraged to manipulate existing phases or search for emergent ones. The central theme is matching materials across the interface with disparate physical, chemical, electronic, or magnetic structure to harness interfacial reconstructions in the strongly coupled charge, spin, orbital, and …
Novel Properties Of Ferromagnetic P-Wave Superconductors, Christopher Lorscher
Novel Properties Of Ferromagnetic P-Wave Superconductors, Christopher Lorscher
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This thesis investigates the many extraordinary physical properties of the candidate p-wave ferromagnetic superconductors UCoGe and URhGe, and proposes theoretical predictions for p-wave superconductors yet to be discovered. In particular, we carry out angular dependent quantum field theoretical calculations of the thermodynamic H - T phase diagram known as the upper critical field, or more appropriately for ferromagnetic superconductors the upper critical induction, for various p-wave superconducting order parameter symmetries including: The axial Anderson-Brinkman-Morel(ABM) state, the chiral Scharnberg-Klemm (SK) state, and the completely broken symmetry polar state (CBS), as well as for some other states with partially broken symmetry (PBS) …
Equations Of State In A Strongly Interacting Relativistic System, Jason Paul Keith
Equations Of State In A Strongly Interacting Relativistic System, Jason Paul Keith
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
It has long been understood that the ground state of a superdense quark system, a Fermi liquid of weakly interacting quarks, is unstable with respect to the formation of diquark condensates. This nonperturbative phenomenon is essentially equivalent to the Cooper in-stability of conventional BCS superconductivity. As the quark pairs have nonzero color charge, this kind of superconductivity breaks the SU(3) color gauge symmetry, thus the phe-nomenon is called color superconductivity. However, not much is known about the behavior of quark systems at moderate densities between the formation of baryons and asymptotic freedom. Strong theoretical and experimental evidence suggests that there …
High Pressure Studies Of Superconductivity, Narelle Jayne Hillier
High Pressure Studies Of Superconductivity, Narelle Jayne Hillier
All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)
Superconductivity has been studied extensively since it was first discovered over 100 years ago. High pressure studies, in particular, have been vital in furthering our understanding of the superconducting state. Pressure allows researchers to enhance the properties of existing superconductors, to find new superconductors, and to test the validity of theoretical models. This thesis presents a series of high pressure measurements performed in both He-gas and diamond anvil cell systems on various superconductors and on materials in which pressure-induced superconductivity has been predicted. Under pressure the alkali metals undergo a radical departure from the nearly-free electron model. In Li this …
Depairing Current Density In Cuprate Superconductors, Manlai Liang
Depairing Current Density In Cuprate Superconductors, Manlai Liang
Theses and Dissertations
We report a study of the depairing critical current density in the electron-doped infinite-layer Sr1-xLaxCuO2 and Nd2-xCexCuO4-\delta system. In this work, many new apparatuses were set up to measure the samples. Resistance-versus-temperature transition curves measured at high pulsed current densities show the classic proportionality between the transition-temperature shift and the two-thirds power of the applied current. The measurement provides an assessment of the superfluid density in the system, and a secondary route for obtaining the penetration depth purely through a transport measurements.
Condensed Matter From Gauge/Gravity Duality, Jason Edward Therrien
Condensed Matter From Gauge/Gravity Duality, Jason Edward Therrien
Doctoral Dissertations
Currently strongly coupled systems present the greatest challenge to theoretical physics. For years conventional methods of approach have failed to describe these systems analytically. In recent years it has been shown that there is a duality between weakly coupled and strongly coupled systems, the Gauge Theory/Gravity Duality. In this dissertation I will discuss how the AdS/CFT is used to describe strongly coupled condensed matter systems as well as present the work done by the author and collaborators.