Physics Commons^™

Coomassie Brilliant Blue Dye As A Method For Analyzing Fracture Markings In Bone, Abigail Hoffmeister, David Harutunyan, Matthew Aizawa, Everett Baker, Brandon Mendoza, Chase Freeman, Siran Iskanian

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

Coomassie Brilliant Blue Dye is a dye commonly used to stain proteins. Because of its ability to adhere to proteins, this research has focused on perfecting a method of dyeing a fractured flat bone in order to most accurately observe and analyze fracture markings within the trabecular layer. Stereoscopic microscopy was the chosen technique of analysis for this research because of its proven effectiveness in glass and ceramic fractography to observe varying depths. In order to most effectively apply stereoscopic microscopy to this research, the following variables were manipulated to maximize color contrast in the trabecular layer in order to …

Tardys Quantifiers: Extracting Temporal And Reversible Dynamical Symmetries, Nhat Vu Minh Nguyen, Arjendu K. Pattanayak, Andres Aragoneses

2023 Symposium

One of the great challenges in complex and chaotic dynamics is to reveal the details of its underlying determinism. This can be manifest in the form of temporal correlations or structured patterns in the dynamics of a measurable variable. These temporal dynamical structures are sometimes a consequence of hidden global symmetries. Here we identify the temporal (approximate) symmetries of a semiconductor laser with external optical feedback, based on which we define the Temporal And Reversible DYnamical Symmetry (TARDYS) quantifiers to evaluate the relevance of specific temporal correlations in a time series. We show that these symmetries are also present in …

Investigating Properties Of Commercially Available Ir Detector Technology, Ethan Taylor

ATU Research Symposium

With the ability to transcode valuable information from light emitting objects, infrared (IR) detector technology has begun to find recreational use in the form of non-contact thermometers and home insulation tools. Research and industry have long been using IR technology in the form of high-altitude balloons, CubeSats, and UAV cameras, but the technology remains a niche market, and thus, a burdensome financial investment. As such, given general consumer products recently introduced as more economically viable, we sought to design an affordable IR camera capable of effective and meaningful data collection. To do so, we utilized a Raspberry Pi 4 and …

Ultra-Flat Au Surfaces On Finite Layer Mos2, Jeff Carlson, Timothy E. Kidd Ph.D., Andrew J. Stollenwerk Ph.D.

Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) Symposium

We have developed a method for creating ultra-flat Au surfaces by sputtering Au onto thin films of MoS₂. This method is more cost effective than current technologies. Our Au surfaces are subatomically flat over relatively large areas making them useful for self assembled monolayer (SAM) research.

A Lite Daq System For Precision Resistance Measurements, Nathan Schmidt, Timothy E. Kidd Ph.D.

Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) Symposium

Data acquisition (DAQ) systems are frequently utilized in lab settings. Basic DAQ systems are a common occurrence in lab courses for this reason. Commonly, however, the DAQ systems utilized in such courses are proprietary, and do not allow students to understand how they operate beyond a “plug in and go” nature as a result. A further consequence is that these systems are not capable of being programmed, such as is often done with equipment used in professional labs. The DAQ systems used in lab courses aren’t easily replaced by the test equipment they seek to emulate due to cost. Ideally, …

Analysis Of Temperature Dependence Of Surface Roughness Of Gold Film On Mos2, Joshua Wolff, Jeff Carlson, Timothy E. Kidd Ph.D.

Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) Symposium

We have developed a method to control the surface roughness of ultrathin Au surfaces on MoS₂ crystals through the use of annealing. Through this method, we are now able to utilize Au surfaces for a variety of research, such as research on self-assembled monolayers (SAM) as well as with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS).

Optimizing A Passive Tracking Solar Panel System, Adrian Salazar-Rivera, Ryan Pickelman, Angela Douglass

Scholars Day Conference

For a solar panel to function efficiently, it must turn to face the sun throughout the day. Usually, an electronic device rotates a solar panel. In this experiment, hourly rotation of the panel was achieved through contraction of a shape memory alloy (SMA) and a gear system. A Fresnel lens directed the sun's rays onto the SMA causing it to contract. A delayed reset system was built to turn the panel from west to east at the end of the day. In addition, this project investigated different materials to properly heat and cool the SMA within the plexiglass housing apparatus. …

High Speed Impact On Graphene Composites, Giovanny A. Espitia

Symposium of Student Scholars

Since the isolation of Graphene occurred in 2004, numerous studies attempting to exploit the properties of this carbon allotrope have been conducted. Graphene exists in a 2-D manner with sp2 bonds, which provides the allotrope with great electrical, conductive, and mechanical properties. In this paper however, we will focus on the latter in order to examine the feasibility of graphene composites for bulletproof material in the military. Pure graphene sheets count with high porosity density that leads to structural defects as well as poor mechanical properties due to physical contact being sole retainer. For this reason, the selected composite is …

Simulation Of Optical Properties Of Dielectric Layers From Visible To Near Infrared Spectral Range, Andrew Cochran, Cory Conkel

ONU Student Research Colloquium

Optical properties of dielectrics play a critical role in various applications including the design and manufacture of optical components & devices such as detectors, filters, imagers, lenses, optical coatings, photonic crystals, sensors and waveguides, and solar cells. Radiative properties of varying thicknesses of different dielectrics such as Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3), Silicon Dioxide (SiO2), Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Magnesium Fluoride (MgF2) and Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) have been simulated and compared in the range of visible to near infrared by mathematical modelling using MATLAB simulations. The results of the evolution of the radiative properties, as a function of dielectric material thickness, on …

Detecting Radium-226 In Submarine Groundwater Discharge, Rashaun Davis

Undergraduate Research Competition

Studies have been done to see if abundance of neutrinos have an effect on the decay rate of radioactive nuclei. Questions regarding the proximity of the sun and the concentration of the flux of neutrinos as a result, have emerged due to there being more counts in the winter when the sun is closer versus there being less counts in the summer when the sun is farther away. Other studies say that the cause of the difference in counts are more local, as in the environmental conditions like temperature and various background radiation that interferes with the counts of the …

E. Coli And Total Coliform, Emilio Wilson

Undergraduate Research Competition

Water is important because we use it for our everyday use, whether it's for drinking, bathing, or for our enjoyment. Pollution causes the environment to have a harmful effect, which is usually caused by microorganisms (bacteria) Some of those Bacteria include E. coli and Total Coliform. They're mainly found in the intestines of humans, in animals, in water, and also found in the soil. Most of these bacteria are harmless but it can provide you with symptoms of diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach cramps. When water comes in contact with feces, humans, or any living organism, the water is contaminated. There …

Monitoring Nitrogen Levels At 11th Ave. N Surfside Beach, Sc, Kyle Lavoie

Undergraduate Research Competition

This research was done to monitor Ammonia, Nitrite, and Nitrate which are measured to assess if they were within safe levels according to the Environmental Protection Association(EPA). Ammonia, Nitrite, and Nitrate are important indicators to the amount of each that could end up in a public water supply. To much Nitrate can cause excess algae growth in lakes and is unhealthy in large amounts for humans, mainly children. Samples were tested using Ammonia test strips and Nitrite and Nitrate test strips. 242 samples were collected between May 27th, 2010 and January 26th, 2021 at 11th Ave. N Surfside Beach. The …

Monitoring Chlorophyll A And Pheophytin At Crabtree Swamp, James Blankenship

Undergraduate Research Competition

The two chemicals compound we will be looking at include Chlorophyll A and Pheophytin. These two chemicals are common in most waters around the world. While they are helpful for the ecosystem, like most everything, having too much can also be harmful. Having a high concentrate of Chlorophyll A can result in foul smell and green scum on the bottom and surface of water. Likewise, pheophytin can be harmful when it comes to dissolving oxygen in water. This can result in erosion around the water source and can lead to unwanted chemicals in water (4). The results discussed will show …

Water Monitoring At Ccu (Conductivity, Ph, Do), Gage Campbell

Undergraduate Research Competition

Monitoring water quality is important for human health. This study focuses on the 544 West site and the parameters conductivity, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO). Data used is from Oct. 2011 through Nov. 2020 on the Coastal Carolina University campus and used an Orion™ A329 multimeter. 741 samples were collected for Conductivity, with an average of 407.8 uS/cm (145.8 uS/cm - 690.7 uS/cm). 738 samples were collected for pH, with an average of 7.15 (6.09 - 8.11). All data fell within the SC DHEC water quality standard of pH which is no lower than 5.0 or above 8.5. 735 samples …

Absorbance At The Crabtree, Jaquon Williams

Undergraduate Research Competition

Water scarcity is a growing concern across the world in this document we investigate Crabtree swamp, that’s in Conway, SC. Water absorption is the amount of water taken up by flour to achieve the desired consistency and create a quality end-product. Yet, in this case, we're talking about the Crabtree swamp land area. The goal of this research project is to compare and contrast water absorbance in the area.

The purpose of this study is to naturalize the aquatic ecosystem processes in Crabtree Swamp and improve the survivability of resources of regional significance that have been identified. Resources such as …

Developing Arduino Coding Curriculum, Tyler Brown, Riley Bucheitte, Timothy Kidd

Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) Symposium

No abstract provided.

285— Modifications Of Cosmic Watch Muon Detectors For Deployment At Letchworth State Park, Kevin Seitz

GREAT Day Posters

For an American Physical Society funded physics outreach project, fifteen Cosmic Watch cosmic ray muon detectors, designed at MIT, are being assembled by students at Geneseo. Over the summer of 2020, ten detectors will be deployed around Letchworth State Park to educate park visitors about cosmic rays. The muon detection rate and cumulative count are displayed on a small OLED screen, with an LED flashing every time a muon passes through the detector’s scintillator. Each incidence is also logged to a micro SD card. Customized open-source software was used to allow the OLED and SD card to work simultaneously. The …

High Resolution Validation Of Next Generation Turbulent Flow Models Using Neutron Beams, Laser Fluorescence, And Cryogenic Helium, Landen G Mcdonald

EURēCA: Exhibition of Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement

Turbulent fluid flow is an incredibly unpredictable subject that continues to confound scientists and engineers. All of the empirical data that has been the basis of conventional turbulent computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models for decades only extends to roughly the equivalent turbulence created when Michael Phelps swims in a pool. The problem is that this data is then extrapolated out many orders of magnitude in order to design cruise ships, airplanes, and rockets which operate in significantly more turbulent flow regimes. This creates an incredible degree of uncertainty in the design process that demands over-engineering and increased expenditures.

The development …

Cementitious Sensors Exhibiting Stopbands In Acoustic Transmission Spectra, Shreya Vemuganti

Shared Knowledge Conference

Ultrasonic monitoring in cementitious materials is challenging due to the high degree of attenuation. In wellbore environments, monitoring becomes more challenging due to inaccessibility. Meta materials, also known as acoustic bandgap materials, exhibit an interesting feature of forbidding the propagation of elastic/sound waves and isolate vibration in a certain frequency band. Traditionally, acoustic bandgap materials are developed with inclusions such as tin, aluminum, gold, steel in a polymer matrix. In this study, we present the development of three-dimensional cementitious sensors capable of exhibiting stopbands in the acoustic transmission spectra using carbon nanotubes. Relatively wide stopbands were engineered using Floquet-Bloch periodic …

A Transparent Insulation Solar Façade Coupled With A Selective Absorber: An Experimentally Validated Building Energy Simulation Model, Miroslav Čekon, Jakub Čurpek

International Building Physics Conference 2018

The development of various advanced materials and their subsequent integration into innovative building envelope concepts has the potential to achieve energy savings. Additionally, their usability in practical applications can be enhanced via the use of building energy simulation (BES) methods. Experimental procedures in conjunction with numerical computations could enable the prediction of the future performance of solar thermal façade concepts. The presented study is focused on the thermal response of a transparent insulation material (TIM) incorporated in a façade structure. An experimental prototype of a solar façade element with both a selective and a nonselective absorber was developed for use …

Power Generation And Visual Comfort Performance Of Photovoltaic Toplighting Technologies In Transient Spaces, Nick Novelli, Brandon Andow, Scott Overall, Mohamed Aly, Christopher Morse, Berardo Matalucci

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Advances in long-span glazed structures and interest in high-performance building design has proliferated semi-conditioned spaces with large areas of overhead glazing. These spaces are often programmed with intermittent occupation where variability of the indoor climate is an intentional factor of the experience. Technological options for glazed canopy structures have likewise evolved, gaining functions such as power generation which diversifies the benefits of overhead glazing beyond weather protection and daylighting. Here we model the multiple benefits of current and emerging toplighting technologies deployed in the overhead glazing of a train station and compare power generation and visual comfort. A common building …

Solar And Lighting Transmission In Complex Fenestration Systems With Perforated Solar Protection Systems, Waldo Bustamante, Daniel Uribe, Sergio Vera

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Santiago de Chile is a city with a semi-arid climate, with prolonged periods of high temperature and solar radiation. In recent years, in this city, office buildings have been built with high window to wall ratio (WWR) facades. 65% of the office buildings built in the period 2005-2014 have a WWR higher than 60%. Only 5% of these buildings showed an efficient glazed façade solar protection device. One of these systems corresponds to an exterior textile solar protection. This type of systems, together with the perforated screens, could be effective solutions for the solar protection of glazed facades, reducing the …

Solar Efficiency Index Of Building Envelopes And Load Matching In Low Energy Buildings, Ellika Taveres-Cachat, Francesco Goia, Steinar Grynning

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Net-zero energy buildings oftentimes rely on solar-based building integrated technologies to offset energy use and achieve their goals. However, the value of a particular system is difficult to assess given that these technologies often bring about complex interactions with the indoor environment, and building energy management systems. The approach chosen in this study was to propose and test a simple index called the Solar Efficiency index (SE index), which makes it possible to characterize the performance of building envelopes with integrated solar systems. The index was used to investigate the effect of different configurations of a PV integrated shading device …

Thermal Performance Of Pcm-Glazing Unit Under Moderate Climatic Conditions, Anna Wieprzkowicz, Dariusz Heim

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Considering physical properties, transparent or translucent building components like windows or glazing facades are the weakest elements of building envelope. The heat transfer coefficient of such elements is approximately four times higher than for opaque partitions, which causes considerable increase of heat loss during winter. In summer relatively high solar transmittance is a source of heat gains which results in undesirable overheating. Application of phase change materials in glazing components affects its thermal performance by the increase of its heat capacity and decrease of solar heat gains, with regard to the current physical state of the PCM. The aim of …

Study On The Design Method Of Integration Of Roof And Photovoltaic Based On Aesthetics, Technology And Energy-Saving Characteristic, Hongxin Feng, Juanli Guo, Gang Liu, Jiehui Wang

International Building Physics Conference 2018

The development and utilization of new energy has been concerned due to the traditional energy is increasingly scarce. In recent years, solar building has developed rapidly in the construction industry which is a major energy consuming component. As an organic part of the building, the combination of roof and solar energy has become the focus of attention because of its large size, less shielding and other characteristics. Based on the works of recent years’ Solar Decathlon, this paper analysed the design and implementation of the integration of solar building’s roof and photovoltaic. Meanwhile, taking an office building in Xinjiang, China …

Condensation-Free Radiant Cooling Using Infrared-Transparent Enclosures Of Chilled Panels, Eric Teitelbaum, Adam Rysanek, Jovan Pantelic, Dorit Aviv, Simon Obelz, Alexander Buff, Yongqiang Luo, Forrest Meggers

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Radiant cooling power in the humid climates is inherently limited by condensation. This research investigates a type of radiant cooling methodology whereby the cold temperature source is convectively and conductively isolated from the environment with a membrane transparent to visible radiation to allow supply temperatures to be decreased for radiant cooling systems in humid climates. We conduct an FTIR analysis on three candidate membrane materials and fabricate a prototype experimental test panel that allows for thermal performance evaluation at different panel orientation and depths. Our study shows that for a 5 °C chilled panel temperature, the exterior membrane surface temperature …

Experimental Study On The Impact Of Passive Chilled Beam In A Room With Displacement Ventilation, Zhu Shi, Vishal Anand, Qingyan Chen

International Building Physics Conference 2018

Previous studies have demonstrated that displacement ventilation (DV) can provide better air quality than mixing ventilation (MV), and may save energy in buildings. However, since DV introduces supply air to the occupied zone directly, the temperature of supply air it provides is normally higher than in a MV system, so the ability to remove cooling load is limited with the same amount of air. On the other hand, passive chilled beam (PCB) systems have been shown to be able to remove a large cooling load while saving energy. Therefore, this research studied a coupled configuration that combined DV and PCB, …

Liquid Desiccant-Polymeric Membrane Dehumidification System For Improved Cooling Efficiency In Built Environments, Michael Bozlar, Eric Teitelbaum, Forrest Meggers

International Building Physics Conference 2018

We have recently demonstrated a new type of moisture absorber using a silicone-based liquid desiccant and a nonporous hydrophilic membrane. The setup consists of a core-shell structure where the desiccant flows inside the hydrophilic membrane (core) surrounded with humid air and confined inside a larger diameter tube (shell). In this work, we propose to extend the capabilities of this moisture absorber prototype by addressing two additional characteristics in order to fully validate its capabilities in the built environment. In the first section of this study, we developed a new setup to demonstrate the regeneration process of the liquid desiccant. The …

Simulation-Based Approach To Optimize Courtyard Form Concerning Climatic Comfort In Hot And Humid Climate, Mehmet Bekar, Gülten Manioğlu

International Building Physics Conference 2018

In hot and humid regions, in order to provide indoor thermal comfort conditions, most important design strategies are to maximize shady areas and natural ventilation. Courtyard building form was developed mainly in response to climatic requirements especially in hot climates. A courtyard is an unroofed area that is completely or partially enclosed by walls or building spaces. The function of the courtyard is to improve comfort conditions by modifying the microclimate around the building. The proportion of the courtyard affects considerably the shadows produced on the building envelope, and consequently the received solar radiation and the comfort conditions in the …

The Effect Of The Position And Temperature Difference Of Local Radiant Asymmetry On Thermal Comfort: An Experimental Investigation, Stijn Van Craenendonck, Leen Lauriks, Cedric Vuye, Jarl Kampen

International Building Physics Conference 2018

In cold and moderate climates, poorly designed construction joints can lead to local low surface temperatures, which entails local radiant asymmetry. An experiment was set up to test the hypothesis that overall and local thermal sensation is influenced by temperature difference, and position and distance of local radiant asymmetry. In the experiment, 18 subjects participated where they were introduced in a room at 21°C and 45% relative humidity. The subjects were exposed to local radiant asymmetry created by a cooling plate. This plate was positioned at three different heights, and controlled for temperatures at 3, 6 or 10°C below room …