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Articles 1 - 30 of 208
Full-Text Articles in Physics
Generation, Dynamics, And Interaction Of Quartic Solitary Waves In Nonlinear Laser Systems, Sabrina Hetzel
Generation, Dynamics, And Interaction Of Quartic Solitary Waves In Nonlinear Laser Systems, Sabrina Hetzel
Mathematics Theses and Dissertations
Solitons are self-reinforcing localized wave packets that have remarkable stability features that arise from the balanced competition of nonlinear and dispersive effects in the medium. Traditionally, the dominant order of dispersion has been the lowest (second), however in recent years, experimental and theoretical research has shown that high, even order dispersion may lead to novel applications. Here, the focus is on investigating the interplay of dominant quartic (fourth-order) dispersion and the self-phase modulation due to the nonlinear Kerr effect in laser systems. One big factor to consider for experimentalists working in laser systems is the effect of noise on the …
Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia
Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia
Journal of Nonprofit Innovation
Urban farming can enhance the lives of communities and help reduce food scarcity. This paper presents a conceptual prototype of an efficient urban farming community that can be scaled for a single apartment building or an entire community across all global geoeconomics regions, including densely populated cities and rural, developing towns and communities. When deployed in coordination with smart crop choices, local farm support, and efficient transportation then the result isn’t just sustainability, but also increasing fresh produce accessibility, optimizing nutritional value, eliminating the use of ‘forever chemicals’, reducing transportation costs, and fostering global environmental benefits.
Imagine Doris, who is …
Aspects Of Stochastic Geometric Mechanics In Molecular Biophysics, David Frost
Aspects Of Stochastic Geometric Mechanics In Molecular Biophysics, David Frost
All Dissertations
In confocal single-molecule FRET experiments, the joint distribution of FRET efficiency and donor lifetime distribution can reveal underlying molecular conformational dynamics via deviation from their theoretical Forster relationship. This shift is referred to as a dynamic shift. In this study, we investigate the influence of the free energy landscape in protein conformational dynamics on the dynamic shift by simulation of the associated continuum reaction coordinate Langevin dynamics, yielding a deeper understanding of the dynamic and structural information in the joint FRET efficiency and donor lifetime distribution. We develop novel Langevin models for the dye linker dynamics, including rotational dynamics, based …
Controlled Manipulation And Transport By Microswimmers In Stokes Flows, Jake Buzhardt
Controlled Manipulation And Transport By Microswimmers In Stokes Flows, Jake Buzhardt
All Dissertations
Remotely actuated microscale swimming robots have the potential to revolutionize many aspects of biomedicine. However, for the longterm goals of this field of research to be achievable, it is necessary to develop modelling, simulation, and control strategies which effectively and efficiently account for not only the motion of individual swimmers, but also the complex interactions of such swimmers with their environment including other nearby swimmers, boundaries, other cargo and passive particles, and the fluid medium itself. The aim of this thesis is to study these problems in simulation from the perspective of controls and dynamical systems, with a particular focus …
Machine Learning-Based Data And Model Driven Bayesian Uncertanity Quantification Of Inverse Problems For Suspended Non-Structural System, Zhiyuan Qin
All Dissertations
Inverse problems involve extracting the internal structure of a physical system from noisy measurement data. In many fields, the Bayesian inference is used to address the ill-conditioned nature of the inverse problem by incorporating prior information through an initial distribution. In the nonparametric Bayesian framework, surrogate models such as Gaussian Processes or Deep Neural Networks are used as flexible and effective probabilistic modeling tools to overcome the high-dimensional curse and reduce computational costs. In practical systems and computer models, uncertainties can be addressed through parameter calibration, sensitivity analysis, and uncertainty quantification, leading to improved reliability and robustness of decision and …
Modeling, Simulation And Control Of Microrobots For The Microfactory., Zhong Yang
Modeling, Simulation And Control Of Microrobots For The Microfactory., Zhong Yang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Future assembly technologies will involve higher levels of automation in order to satisfy increased microscale or nanoscale precision requirements. Traditionally, assembly using a top-down robotic approach has been well-studied and applied to the microelectronics and MEMS industries, but less so in nanotechnology. With the boom of nanotechnology since the 1990s, newly designed products with new materials, coatings, and nanoparticles are gradually entering everyone’s lives, while the industry has grown into a billion-dollar volume worldwide. Traditionally, nanotechnology products are assembled using bottom-up methods, such as self-assembly, rather than top-down robotic assembly. This is due to considerations of volume handling of large …
The Magnetic Field Of Protostar-Disk-Outflow Systems, Mahmoud Sharkawi
The Magnetic Field Of Protostar-Disk-Outflow Systems, Mahmoud Sharkawi
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Recent observations of protostellar cores reveal complex magnetic field configurations that are distorted in the innermost disk region. Unlike the prestellar phase, where the magnetic field geometry is simpler with an hourglass configuration, magnetic fields in the protostellar phase are sculpted by the formation of outflows and rapid rotation. This gives rise to a significant azimuthal (or toroidal) component that has not yet been analytically modelled in the literature. Moreover, the onset of outflows, which act as angular momentum transport mechanisms, have received considerable attention in the past few decades. Two mechanisms: 1) the driving by the gradient of a …
Fourth Order Dispersion In Nonlinear Media, Georgios Tsolias
Fourth Order Dispersion In Nonlinear Media, Georgios Tsolias
Doctoral Dissertations
In recent years, there has been an explosion of interest in media bearing quartic
dispersion. After the experimental realization of so-called pure-quartic solitons, a
significant number of studies followed both for bright and for dark solitonic struc-
tures exploring the properties of not only quartic, but also setic, octic, decic etc.
dispersion, but also examining the competition between, e.g., quadratic and quartic
dispersion among others.
In the first chapter of this Thesis, we consider the interaction of solitary waves in
a model involving the well-known φ4 Klein-Gordon theory, bearing both Laplacian and biharmonic terms with different prefactors. As a …
Innovations In Drop Shape Analysis Using Deep Learning And Solving The Young-Laplace Equation For An Axisymmetric Pendant Drop, Andres P. Hyer
Innovations In Drop Shape Analysis Using Deep Learning And Solving The Young-Laplace Equation For An Axisymmetric Pendant Drop, Andres P. Hyer
Theses and Dissertations
Axisymmetric Drop Shape Analysis (ADSA) is a technique commonly used to determine surface or interfacial tension. Applications of traditional ASDA methods to process analytical technologies are limited by computational speed and image quality. Here, we address these limitations using a novel machine learning approach to analysis. With a convolutional neural network (CNN), we were able to achieve an experimental fit precision of (+/-) 0.122 mN/m in predicting the surface tension of drop images at a rate of 1.5 ms^-1 versus 7.7 s^-1, which is more than 5,000 times faster than the traditional method. The results are validated on real images …
Travelling Wave Solutions On A Cylindrical Geometry, Karnav R. Raval
Travelling Wave Solutions On A Cylindrical Geometry, Karnav R. Raval
Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference
Fluid equations are generally quite difficult and computationally-expensive to solve. However, if one is primarily interested in how the surface of the fluid deforms, we can re-formulate the governing equations purely in terms of free surface variables. Reformulating equations in such a way drastically cuts down on computational cost, and may be useful in areas such as modelling blood flow. Here, we study one such free-boundary formulation on a cylindrical geometry.
Vertical Take-Off And Landing Control Via Dual-Quaternions And Sliding Mode, Joshua Sonderegger
Vertical Take-Off And Landing Control Via Dual-Quaternions And Sliding Mode, Joshua Sonderegger
Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses
The landing and reusability of space vehicles is one of the driving forces into renewed interest in space utilization. For missions to planetary surfaces, this soft landing has been most commonly accomplished with parachutes. However, in spite of their simplicity, they are susceptible to parachute drift. This parachute drift makes it very difficult to predict where the vehicle will land, especially in a dense and windy atmosphere such as Earth. Instead, recent focus has been put into developing a powered landing through gimbaled thrust. This gimbaled thrust output is dependent on robust path planning and controls algorithms. Being able to …
On The Coriolis Effect For Internal Ocean Waves, Rossen Ivanov
On The Coriolis Effect For Internal Ocean Waves, Rossen Ivanov
Conference papers
A derivation of the Ostrovsky equation for internal waves with methods of the Hamiltonian water wave dynamics is presented. The internal wave formed at a pycnocline or thermocline in the ocean is influenced by the Coriolis force of the Earth's rotation. The Ostrovsky equation arises in the long waves and small amplitude approximation and for certain geophysical scales of the physical variables.
Symphas: A Modular Api For Phase-Field Modeling Using Compile-Time Symbolic Algebra, Steven A. Silber
Symphas: A Modular Api For Phase-Field Modeling Using Compile-Time Symbolic Algebra, Steven A. Silber
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The phase-field method is a common approach to qualitative analysis of phase transitions. It allows visualizing the time evolution of a phase transition, providing valuable insight into the underlying microstructure and the dynamical processes that take place. Although the approach is applied in a diverse range of fields, from metal-forming to cardiac modelling, there are a limited number of software tools available that allow simulating any phase-field problem and that are highly accessible. To address this, a new open source API and software package called SymPhas is developed for simulating phase-field and phase-field crystal in 1-, 2- and 3-dimensions. Phase-field …
Entropic Dynamics Of Networks, Felipe Xavier Costa, Pedro Pessoa
Entropic Dynamics Of Networks, Felipe Xavier Costa, Pedro Pessoa
Northeast Journal of Complex Systems (NEJCS)
Here we present the entropic dynamics formalism for networks. That is, a framework for the dynamics of graphs meant to represent a network derived from the principle of maximum entropy and the rate of transition is obtained taking into account the natural information geometry of probability distributions. We apply this framework to the Gibbs distribution of random graphs obtained with constraints on the node connectivity. The information geometry for this graph ensemble is calculated and the dynamical process is obtained as a diffusion equation. We compare the steady state of this dynamics to degree distributions found on real-world networks.
Anticipation Induces Polarized Collective Motion In Attraction Based Models, Daniel Strömbom, Alice Antia
Anticipation Induces Polarized Collective Motion In Attraction Based Models, Daniel Strömbom, Alice Antia
Northeast Journal of Complex Systems (NEJCS)
Moving animal groups are prime examples of natural complex systems. In most models of such systems each individual updates its heading based on the current positions and headings of its neighbors. However, recently, a number of models where the heading update instead is based on the future anticipated positions/headings of the neighbors have been published. Collectively these studies have established that including anticipation may have drastically different effects in different models. In particular, anticipation inhibits polarization in alignment-based models and in one alignment-free model, but promotes polarization in another alignment-free model. Indicating that our understanding of how anticipation affects the …
Five-Wave Resonances In Deep Water Gravity Waves: Integrability, Numerical Simulations And Experiments, Dan Lucas, Marc Perlin, Dian-Yong Liu, Shane Walsh, Rossen Ivanov, Miguel D. Bustamante
Five-Wave Resonances In Deep Water Gravity Waves: Integrability, Numerical Simulations And Experiments, Dan Lucas, Marc Perlin, Dian-Yong Liu, Shane Walsh, Rossen Ivanov, Miguel D. Bustamante
Articles
In this work we consider the problem of finding the simplest arrangement of resonant deep water gravity waves in one-dimensional propagation, from three perspectives: Theoretical, numerical and experimental. Theoretically this requires using a normal-form Hamiltonian that focuses on 5-wave resonances. The simplest arrangement is based on a triad of wave vectors K1 + K2 = K3 (satisfying specific ratios) along with their negatives, corresponding to a scenario of encountering wave packets, amenable to experiments and numerical simulations. The normal-form equations for these encountering waves in resonance are shown to be non-integrable, but they admit an integrable reduction …
Mathematical Modelling Of Temperature Effects On The Afd Neuron Of Caenorhabditis Elegans, Zachary Mobille, Rosangela Follmann, Epaminondas Rosa
Mathematical Modelling Of Temperature Effects On The Afd Neuron Of Caenorhabditis Elegans, Zachary Mobille, Rosangela Follmann, Epaminondas Rosa
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Numerical Simulations Of Nonlinear Waves And Their Stability: Stokes Waves And Nonlinear Schroedinger Equation, Anastassiya Semenova
Numerical Simulations Of Nonlinear Waves And Their Stability: Stokes Waves And Nonlinear Schroedinger Equation, Anastassiya Semenova
Mathematics & Statistics ETDs
The present work offers an investigation of dynamics and stability of nonlinear waves in Hamiltonian systems. The first part of the manuscript discusses the classical problem of water waves on the surface of an ideal fluid in 2D. We demonstrate how to construct the Stokes waves, and how to apply a continuation method to find waves in close vicinity to the limiting Stokes wave. We provide new insight into the stability of the Stokes waves by identifying previously inaccessible branches of instability in the equations of motion for the fluid. We provide numerical evidence that pairs of unstable eigenvalues of …
Emergence, Mechanics, And Development: How Behavior And Geometry Underlie Cowrie Seashell Form, Michael G. Levy, Michael R. Deweese
Emergence, Mechanics, And Development: How Behavior And Geometry Underlie Cowrie Seashell Form, Michael G. Levy, Michael R. Deweese
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
Swirling Fluid Flow In Flexible, Expandable Elastic Tubes: Variational Approach, Reductions And Integrability, Rossen Ivanov, Vakhtang Putkaradze
Swirling Fluid Flow In Flexible, Expandable Elastic Tubes: Variational Approach, Reductions And Integrability, Rossen Ivanov, Vakhtang Putkaradze
Articles
Many engineering and physiological applications deal with situations when a fluid is moving in flexible tubes with elastic walls. In real-life applications like blood flow, a swirl in the fluid often plays an important role, presenting an additional complexity not described by previous theoretical models. We present a theory for the dynamics of the interaction between elastic tubes and swirling fluid flow. The equations are derived using a variational principle, with the incompressibility constraint of the fluid giving rise to a pressure-like term. In order to connect this work with the previous literature, we consider the case of inextensible and …
On The Intermediate Long Wave Propagation For Internal Waves In The Presence Of Currents, Joseph Cullen, Rossen Ivanov
On The Intermediate Long Wave Propagation For Internal Waves In The Presence Of Currents, Joseph Cullen, Rossen Ivanov
Articles
A model for the wave motion of an internal wave in the presence of current in the case of intermediate long wave approximation is studied. The lower layer is considerably deeper, with a higher density than the upper layer. The flat surface approximation is assumed. The fluids are incompressible and inviscid. The model equations are obtained from the Hamiltonian formulation of the dynamics in the presence of a depth-varying current. It is shown that an appropriate scaling leads to the integrable Intermediate Long Wave Equation (ILWE). Two limits of the ILWE leading to the integrable Benjamin-Ono and KdV equations are …
Interpretations Of Bicoherence In Space & Lab Plasma Dynamics, Gregory Allen Riggs
Interpretations Of Bicoherence In Space & Lab Plasma Dynamics, Gregory Allen Riggs
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
The application of bicoherence analysis to plasma research, particularly in non-linear, coupled-wave regimes, has thus far been significantly belied by poor resolution in time, and/or outright destruction of frequency information. Though the typical power spectrum cloaks the phase-coherency between frequencies, Fourier transforms of higher-order convolutions provide an n-dimensional spectrum which is adept at elucidating n-wave phase coherence. As such, this investigation focuses on the utility of the normalized bispectrum for detection of wave-wave coupling in general, with emphasis on distinct implications within the scope of non-linear plasma physics. Interpretations of bicoherent features are given for time series from …
Analog Implementation Of The Hodgkin-Huxley Model Neuron, Zachary D. Mobille, George H. Rutherford, Jordan Brandt-Trainer, Rosangela Follmann, Epaminondas Rosa
Analog Implementation Of The Hodgkin-Huxley Model Neuron, Zachary D. Mobille, George H. Rutherford, Jordan Brandt-Trainer, Rosangela Follmann, Epaminondas Rosa
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Investigation Of Fundamental Principles Of Rigid Body Impact Mechanics, Khalid Alluhydan
Investigation Of Fundamental Principles Of Rigid Body Impact Mechanics, Khalid Alluhydan
Mechanical Engineering Research Theses and Dissertations
In impact mechanics, the collision between two or more bodies is a common, yet a very challenging problem. Producing analytical solutions that can predict the post-collision motion of the colliding bodies require consistent modeling of the dynamics of the colliding bodies. This dissertation presents a new method for solving the two and multibody impact problems that can be used to predict the post-collision motion of the colliding bodies. Also, we solve the rigid body collision problem of planar kinematic chains with multiple contacts with external surfaces.
In the first part of this dissertation, we study planar collisions of Balls and …
Quantifying Complex Systems Via Computational Fly Swarms, Troy Taylor
Quantifying Complex Systems Via Computational Fly Swarms, Troy Taylor
Senior Theses
Complexity is prevalent both in natural and in human-made systems, yet is not well understood quantitatively. Qualitatively, complexity describes a phenomena in which a system composed of individual pieces, each having simple interactions with one another, results in interesting bulk properties that would otherwise not exist. One example of a complex biological system is the bird flock, in particular, a starling murmuration. Starlings are known to move in the direction of their neighbors and avoid collisions with fellow starlings, but as a result of these simple movement choices, the flock as a whole tends to exhibit fluid-like movements and form …
Surface Waves Over Currents And Uneven Bottom, Alan Compelli, Rossen Ivanov, Calin I. Martin, Michail D. Todorov
Surface Waves Over Currents And Uneven Bottom, Alan Compelli, Rossen Ivanov, Calin I. Martin, Michail D. Todorov
Articles
The propagation of surface water waves interacting with a current and an uneven bottom is studied. Such a situation is typical for ocean waves where the winds generate currents in the top layer of the ocean. The role of the bottom topography is taken into account since it also influences the local wave and current patterns. Specific scaling of the variables is selected which leads to approximations of Boussinesq and KdV types. The arising KdV equation with variable coefficients, dependent on the bottom topography, is studied numerically when the initial condition is in the form of the one soliton solution …
Equatorial Wave–Current Interactions, Adrian Constantin, Rossen Ivanov
Equatorial Wave–Current Interactions, Adrian Constantin, Rossen Ivanov
Articles
We study the nonlinear equations of motion for equatorial wave–current interactions in the physically realistic setting of azimuthal two-dimensional inviscid flows with piecewise constant vorticity in a two-layer fluid with a flat bed and a free surface. We derive a Hamiltonian formulation for the nonlinear governing equations that is adequate for structure-preserving perturbations, at the linear and at the nonlinear level. Linear theory reveals some important features of the dynamics, highlighting differences between the short- and long-wave regimes. The fact that ocean energy is concentrated in the long-wave propagation modes motivates the pursuit of in-depth nonlinear analysis in the long-wave …
Practical Chaos: Using Dynamical Systems To Encrypt Audio And Visual Data, Julia Ruiter
Practical Chaos: Using Dynamical Systems To Encrypt Audio And Visual Data, Julia Ruiter
Scripps Senior Theses
Although dynamical systems have a multitude of classical uses in physics and applied mathematics, new research in theoretical computer science shows that dynamical systems can also be used as a highly secure method of encrypting data. Properties of Lorenz and similar systems of equations yield chaotic outputs that are good at masking the underlying data both physically and mathematically. This paper aims to show how Lorenz systems may be used to encrypt text and image data, as well as provide a framework for how physical mechanisms may be built using these properties to transmit encrypted wave signals.
Call For Abstracts - Resrb 2019, July 8-9, Wrocław, Poland, Wojciech M. Budzianowski
Call For Abstracts - Resrb 2019, July 8-9, Wrocław, Poland, Wojciech M. Budzianowski
Wojciech Budzianowski
No abstract provided.
A Companion To The Introduction To Modern Dynamics, David D. Nolte