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Articles 301 - 315 of 315
Full-Text Articles in Mathematics
Branching Exponent Heterogeneity And Wall Shear Stress Distribution In Vascular Trees, Kelly Lynn Karau, Gary S. Krenz, Christopher A. Dawson
Branching Exponent Heterogeneity And Wall Shear Stress Distribution In Vascular Trees, Kelly Lynn Karau, Gary S. Krenz, Christopher A. Dawson
Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications
A bifurcating arterial system with Poiseuille flow can function at minimum cost and with uniform wall shear stress if the branching exponent (z) = 3 [where z is defined by (D 1)z = (D 2)z + (D 3)z; D 1 is the parent vessel diameter and D 2 and D 3 are the two daughter vessel diameters at a bifurcation]. Because wall shear stress is a physiologically transducible force, shear stress-dependent control over vessel diameter would appear to provide a means for preserving this optimal structure through maintenance …
Some Applications Of The Ultrapower Theorem To The Theory Of Compacta, Paul Bankston
Some Applications Of The Ultrapower Theorem To The Theory Of Compacta, Paul Bankston
Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications
The ultrapower theorem of Keisler and Shelah allows such model-theoretic notions as elementary equivalence, elementary embedding and existential embedding to be couched in the language of categories (limits, morphism diagrams). This in turn allows analogs of these (and related) notions to be transported into unusual settings, chiefly those of Banach spaces and of compacta. Our interest here is the enrichment of the theory of compacta, especially the theory of continua, brought about by the importation of model-theoretic ideas and techniques.
A Hierarchy Of Maps Between Compacta, Paul Bankston
A Hierarchy Of Maps Between Compacta, Paul Bankston
Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications
Let CH be the class of compacta (i.e., compact Hausdorff spaces), with BS the subclass of Boolean spaces. For each ordinal α and pair $\langle K,L\rangle$ of subclasses of CH, we define Lev≥α K,L), the class of maps of level at least α from spaces in K to spaces in L, in such a way that, for finite α, Lev≥α (BS,BS) consists of the Stone duals of Boolean lattice embeddings that preserve all prenex first-order formulas of quantifier rank α. Maps of level ≥ 0 are just the continuous surjections, and the maps of level ≥ 1 are …
Evaluating Maximum Likelihood Estimation Methods To Determine The Hurst Coefficient, Christina Marie Kendziorski, J. B. Bassingthwaighte, Peter J. Tonellato
Evaluating Maximum Likelihood Estimation Methods To Determine The Hurst Coefficient, Christina Marie Kendziorski, J. B. Bassingthwaighte, Peter J. Tonellato
Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications
A maximum likelihood estimation method implemented in S-PLUS (S-MLE) to estimate the Hurst coefficient (H) is evaluated. The Hurst coefficient, with 0.5<HS-MLE was developed to estimate H for fractionally differenced (fd) processes. However, in practice it is difficult to distinguish between fd processes and fractional Gaussian noise (fGn) processes. Thus, the method is evaluated for estimating H for both fd and fGn processes. S-MLE gave biased results of H for fGn processes of any length and for fd processes of lengths less than 210. A modified method is proposed to correct for …
Structure-Function Relationships In The Pulmonary Arterial Tree, Christopher A. Dawson, Gary S. Krenz, Kelly Lynn Karau, Steven Thomas Haworth, Christopher C. Hanger, John H. Linehan
Structure-Function Relationships In The Pulmonary Arterial Tree, Christopher A. Dawson, Gary S. Krenz, Kelly Lynn Karau, Steven Thomas Haworth, Christopher C. Hanger, John H. Linehan
Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications
Knowledge of the relationship between structure and function of the normal pulmonary arterial tree is necessary for understanding normal pulmonary hemodynamics and the functional consequences of the vascular remodeling that accompanies pulmonary vascular diseases. In an effort to provide a means for relating the measurable vascular geometry and vessel mechanics data to the mean pressure-flow relationship and longitudinal pressure profile, we present a mathematical model of the pulmonary arterial tree. The model is based on the observation that the normal pulmonary arterial tree is a bifurcating tree in which the parent-to-daughter diameter ratios at a bifurcation and vessel distensibility are …
Topologies Invariant Under A Group Action, Paul Bankston
Topologies Invariant Under A Group Action, Paul Bankston
Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications
We study links between faithful group actions on a set and topologies on that set. In one direction, a group action has its invariant topologies (so we may regard members of the action to be homeomorphisms relative to those topologies); in the other direction, a topology has its preserving group actions (i.e., the subgroups of the homeomorphism group of the topology). This two-way passage allows us to discuss topological features of group actions as well as symmetry features of topologies.
Pseudobases In Direct Powers Of An Algebra, Paul Bankston
Pseudobases In Direct Powers Of An Algebra, Paul Bankston
Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications
A subset P of an abstract algebra A is a pseudobasis if every function from P into A extends uniquely to an endomorphism on A. A is called K-free has a pseudobasis of cardinality K; A is minimally free if A has a pseudobasis. (The 0-free algebras are "rigid" in the strong sense; the 1-free groups are always abelian, and are precisely the additive groups of E-rings.) Our interest here is in the existence of pseudobases in direct powers AI of an algebra A. On the positive side, if A is a rigid …
Corrigendum To "Taxonomies Of Model-Theoretically Defined Topological Properties", Paul Bankston
Corrigendum To "Taxonomies Of Model-Theoretically Defined Topological Properties", Paul Bankston
Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications
An error has been found in the cited paper; namely, Theorem 3.1 is false.
Notions Of Relative Ubiquity For Invariant Sets Of Relational Structures, Paul Bankston, Wim Ruitenburg
Notions Of Relative Ubiquity For Invariant Sets Of Relational Structures, Paul Bankston, Wim Ruitenburg
Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications
Given a finite lexicon L of relational symbols and equality, one may view the collection of all L-structures on the set of natural numbers w as a space in several different ways. We consider it as: (i) the space of outcomes of certain infinite two-person games; (ii) a compact metric space; and (iii) a probability measure space. For each of these viewpoints, we can give a notion of relative ubiquity, or largeness, for invariant sets of structures on w. For example, in every sense of relative ubiquity considered here, the set of dense linear orderings on w is …
Taxonomies Of Model-Theoretically Defined Topological Properties, Paul Bankston
Taxonomies Of Model-Theoretically Defined Topological Properties, Paul Bankston
Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications
A topological classification scheme consists of two ingredients: (1) an abstract class K of topological spaces; and (2) a "taxonomy", i.e. a list of first order sentences, together with a way of assigning an abstract class of spaces to each sentence of the list so that logically equivalent sentences are assigned the same class.K, is then endowed with an equivalence relation, two spaces belonging to the same equivalence class if and only if they lie in the same classes prescribed by the taxonomy. A space X in K is characterized within the classification scheme if whenever Y E …
Reduced Coproducts Of Compact Hausdorff Spaces, Paul Bankston
Reduced Coproducts Of Compact Hausdorff Spaces, Paul Bankston
Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications
By analyzing how one obtains the Stone space of the reduced product of an indexed collection of Boolean algebras from the Stone spaces of those algebras, we derive a topological construction, the "reduced coproduct", which makes sense for indexed collections of arbitrary Tichonov spaces. When the filter in question is an ultrafilter, we show how the "ultracoproduct" can be obtained from the usual topological ultraproduct via a compactification process in the style of Wallman and Frink. We prove theorems dealing with the topological structure of reduced coproducts (especially ultracoproducts) and show in addition how one may use this construction to …
Expressive Power In First Order Topology, Paul Bankston
Expressive Power In First Order Topology, Paul Bankston
Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications
A first order representation (f.o.r.) in topology is an assignment of finitary relational structures of the same type to topological spaces in such a way that homeomorphic spaces get sent to isomorphic structures. We first define the notions "one f.o.r. is at least as expressive as another relative to a class of spaces" and "one class of spaces is definable in another relative to an f.o.r.", and prove some general statements. Following this we compare some well-known classes of spaces and first order representations. A principal result is that if X and Y are two Tichonov spaces whose posets of …
Coarse Topologies In Nonstandard Extensions Via Separative Ultrafilters, Paul Bankston
Coarse Topologies In Nonstandard Extensions Via Separative Ultrafilters, Paul Bankston
Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
Topological Extensions And Subspaces Of Ηα-Sets, Paul Bankston
Topological Extensions And Subspaces Of Ηα-Sets, Paul Bankston
Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications
The ηx-sets of Hausdorff have large compactifications (of cardinality ≽ exp(α); and of cardinality ≽ exp(exp(2<α)) in the Stone-Čech case). If Qα denotes the unique (when it exists) ηα -set of cardinality α, then Qα can be decomposed (= partitioned) into homeomorphs of any prescribed nonempty subspace; moreover the subspaces of Qα can be characterized as those which arc regular T1, of cardinality and weight ≼ α, whose topologies are closed under < α intersections.
The Total Negation Of A Topological Property, Paul Bankston
The Total Negation Of A Topological Property, Paul Bankston
Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.