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Full-Text Articles in Water Resource Management
Inverse Method For Simultaneous Determination Of Soil Water Flux Density And Thermal Properties With A Penta-Needle Heat Pulse Probe, Changbing Yang, Masaru Sakai, Scott B. Jones
Inverse Method For Simultaneous Determination Of Soil Water Flux Density And Thermal Properties With A Penta-Needle Heat Pulse Probe, Changbing Yang, Masaru Sakai, Scott B. Jones
Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications
An accurate method for determination of in situ soil water flux density continues to be the most sought after and yet elusive hydrologic measurement. The penta-needle heat pulse probe (PHPP) employs a central heater needle surrounded by an orthogonal arrangement of four thermistor needles for two-component water flux density estimation. An analytical solution and inverse fitting method are presented for simultaneous estimation of thermal properties and soil water flux density using PHPP measurements. The approach yields estimates of both components of the flux in a plane normal to the axis of the PHPP needles. The method was evaluated using data …
Numerical Evaluation Of Subsurface Soil Water Evaporation Derived From Sensible Heat Balance, Masaru Sakai, Scott B. Jones, Markus Tuller
Numerical Evaluation Of Subsurface Soil Water Evaporation Derived From Sensible Heat Balance, Masaru Sakai, Scott B. Jones, Markus Tuller
Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications
A recently introduced measurement approach allows in situ determination of subsurface soil water evaporation by means of heat-pulse probes (HPP). The latent heat component of subsurface evaporation is estimated from the residual of the sensible heat balance. This heat balance method requires measurement of vertical soil temperature and estimates of thermal properties for soil water evaporation determination. Our objective was to employ numerically simulated thermal and hydraulic processes using constant or diurnally cycled surface boundary conditions to evaluate and understand this technique. Three observation grid spacings, namely, 6 mm (tri-needle HPP), 3 mm (penta-needle HPP) and 1 mm, along with …
Residential Water Demand Under Alternative Rate Structures: Simulation Approach, David E. Rosenberg
Residential Water Demand Under Alternative Rate Structures: Simulation Approach, David E. Rosenberg
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications
Econometricians have long studied the effect of price on residential water demand and the impact on water use of the rate (tariff) structure in which price signals are embedded. This paper applies an existing deductive model of residential water use for the intermittent supply system in Amman, Jordan and simulates demand responses across a cross section of households over many uniform, increasing block, and linear price (quadratic charge) rate structures at historically low and significantly higher prices. Results show inelastic piped water demand responses for all rate structures at historically low prices similar to findings from a prior econometric study …
Geophysical Imaging Of Watershed Subsurface Patterns And Prediction Of Soil Texture And Water Holding Capacity, H. Abdu, D. A. Robinson, M. Seyfried, Scott B. Jones
Geophysical Imaging Of Watershed Subsurface Patterns And Prediction Of Soil Texture And Water Holding Capacity, H. Abdu, D. A. Robinson, M. Seyfried, Scott B. Jones
Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications
The spatial distribution of subsurface soil textural properties across the landscape is an important control on the hydrological and ecological function of a watershed. Traditional methods of mapping soils involving subjective assignment of soil boundaries are inadequate for studies requiring a quantitative assessment of the landscape and its subsurface connectivity and storage capacity. Geophysical methods such as electromagnetic induction (EMI) provide the possibility of obtaining high-resolution images across a landscape to identify subtle changes in subsurface soil patterns. In this work we show how EMI can be used to image the subsurface of a ∼38 ha watershed. We present an …
Micro-Structural And Phase Configuration Effects Determining Water Content: Dielectric Relationships Of Aggregated Porous Media, J. M. Blonquist, Jr., Scott B. Jones, I. Lebron, D. A. Robinson
Micro-Structural And Phase Configuration Effects Determining Water Content: Dielectric Relationships Of Aggregated Porous Media, J. M. Blonquist, Jr., Scott B. Jones, I. Lebron, D. A. Robinson
Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications
Many porous media in which we determine water content are aggregated and characterized by a dual-porosity pore network, composed of interaggregate pores and intra-aggregate pores. This paper reports sample-scale permittivity measurements made in four stable aggregate media with dual porosity. Results indicate two distinct dielectric responses depending on whether the aggregates are surrounded by water or air. We relate transitions in the permittivity response to the water retention characteristic (WRC), showing that after the interaggregate pores have drained, the slope of the water content–permittivity relationship is significantly reduced (permittivity values ranging from 5 to 7). The hydraulic critical water content …
Global Climate Change Response Program, Water Yield In Semiarid Environment Under Projected Climate Change, United States Department Of The Interior
Global Climate Change Response Program, Water Yield In Semiarid Environment Under Projected Climate Change, United States Department Of The Interior
Water
This paper presents the practical application of a distributed parameter climate vegetation hydrologic model (CVHM) and its ability to simulate hydrologic response under existing conditions and under assumed CO2-induced climate and vegetation change. Applying the model to the Weber River basin provided a basis for determining the impacts of climate change on the hydrologic response. By using a "what if" scenario this model included the changes in plant transpiration rates and in vegetation cover under a CO2-altered climate change and the effects of these changes on water yield.
Impacts Of Projected Climate Change On Urban Water Use, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation
Impacts Of Projected Climate Change On Urban Water Use, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation
Water
Urban water use, particularly outdoor use, responds to changes in temperature, precipitation, and other climatic parameters. This study significantly improved the capacity of an existing regional water demand model to estimate the response of both residential and commercial-industrial water demand to changes in climatic parameters. The resulting functional relationships derived from historic time-series climatic and water use data were applied to global climate scenarios for the four Wasatch Front counties of Utah.
High Recovery Desalting Of Brackish Water By Electrodialysis: Field Tests At Yuma Desalting Test Facility & At La Verkin Springs, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation
High Recovery Desalting Of Brackish Water By Electrodialysis: Field Tests At Yuma Desalting Test Facility & At La Verkin Springs, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation
Water
An ED (electrodialysis pilot plant achieved high desalting recoveries of nearly 95 percent at the YDTF (Yuma Desalting Test Facility, Arizona) and 92 percent at LVS (La Verkin Springs, Utah) during over 4000 hours of operation. Brine TDS (total dissolved solids) concentrations of nearly 100 000 g/m3 were obtained at LVS, which is a greater brine concentration than is possible using RO (reverse osmosis). The LVS required ED energy (while producing a product TDS concentration of about 1000 g/m3) is estimated to be about one-third the energy requirements of a commercially available distillation brine concentrator. Lowering product …
A Microsystem Sediment-Water Simulation Study For The Proposed Jordanelle Reservoir, Heber City, Utah, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation
A Microsystem Sediment-Water Simulation Study For The Proposed Jordanelle Reservoir, Heber City, Utah, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation
Water
The technique of microsystem sediment-water simulation was used to predict water quality data for the proposed Jordanelle Reservoir, Heber City, Utah. Simulation microsystems were prepared for four sites located in the north arm of the reservoir basin including two sites located in an abandoned acid mine tailings pond. Data obtained from the tailings pond microsystems indicated that low pH water and high trace metal concentrations will exist in the north arm of the reservoir. These data suggested that some kind of membrane or compacted earth lining will be necessary to seal and contain the mine spoilage. Other sites in the …
Characterization Of Water From Laverkin Springs, Utah, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation
Characterization Of Water From Laverkin Springs, Utah, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation
Water
Analytical water data obtained from two separate test programs at the LaVerkin Springs site, Washington County, southwestern Utah, were evaluated. During the first analyses, from February 11 through November 6, 1972, water samples were obtained weekly from 14 atmospheric springs. During the second analyses from November 1, 1979 through August 27, 1980, water samples were obtained weekly at aquifer pressure by pumping from a well representative of the 14 springs. Acquired data included characteristics of the water in 1972, and again in 1979-1980, uniformity of the water in the springs tested, variations of these characteristics within the time of year, …
Lake Powell Water Quality Programs And Associated Files, A Users' Guide To Programs Powell And Powplot, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation
Lake Powell Water Quality Programs And Associated Files, A Users' Guide To Programs Powell And Powplot, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation
Water
During the summer of 1980, work began at the Engineering and Research Center, Bureau of Reclamation, to develop a computerized method for analyzing Lake Powell water quality data. Lake Powell, in southeastern Utah is formed by Glen Canyon Dam on the Colorado River at Page, Arizona. This work was carried out by Mr. Greg A. Keller under the supervision of Mr. David H. Merritt in the Colorado River Water Quality Office. By July of 1981, two computer programs, named POWELL and POWPLOT, had been produced. This document is intended to provide guidance for the user of these programs.
Characterization Of La Verkin Springs Water And Methods For Its Reuse In Energy Development, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation
Characterization Of La Verkin Springs Water And Methods For Its Reuse In Energy Development, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation
Water
Analytical water data obtained from a 9-month test program at the LVS (LaVerkin Springs) site, which is located in Washington County, Southwestern Utah, were evaluated. Fresh water and the water after processing through various pretreatment steps and after ED (electrodialysis) desalting and by desalting processes was demonstrated by the LVS site test program. The relative merit of different methods of treatment, disposal, and reuse of LVS water were studied. The objectives of the study were to evaluate methods for preventing high salinity LVS water from entering the Virgin River and for utilizing the processed water in energy development. The disposal …
Water As A Factor In Energy Resources Development, A. Bruce Bishop, Melvin D. Chambers, William O. Mace, David W. Mills
Water As A Factor In Energy Resources Development, A. Bruce Bishop, Melvin D. Chambers, William O. Mace, David W. Mills
Reports
Water, in many cases, is a key factor in the development of energy resources in the western states. The total water supply available in the arid west is fixed; yet potential water uses in the region are growing continually. In fact, in many areas quantities of water desired to be put to beneficial use has already surpassed the limit of local supplies as indicated by filings for water rights. The availability of water, in adequate quantities and of suitable quality, is one of the essentials to the economic viability of some economic sectors in the states in the Colorado River …
Computer Simulation Of The Hydrologic And Salinity Flow Systems Within The Bear River Basin, Robert W. Hill, Eugene K. Israelsen, J. Paul Riley
Computer Simulation Of The Hydrologic And Salinity Flow Systems Within The Bear River Basin, Robert W. Hill, Eugene K. Israelsen, J. Paul Riley
Reports
Accompanying the increased use of water resources is an increases accumulation of chemical pollutants. Te prevent degradation of the water resources beyong useful limits, pollution inputs from additional uses must be quite accurately predicted prior to implementation of the new use. The model described in this report was formulated to provide the required predictive capability for the Bear River Basin. Modeling concepts of the hydrologic system are based upon the development of basin relationships describing the hydrologic processes which are linked together by the countinuity-of-mass principle. The salinity flow system is then linked to the hydrologic system based on the …
Water For Man, Sterling A. Taylor
Water For Man, Sterling A. Taylor
Faculty Honor Lectures
Man's uses for water are rapidly increasing. His demands and needs for water for his personal use and for cleanliness, recreation, industry, and food production are increasing as the population and standard of living rise. At the same time, his knowledge of the behavior and nature of water is increasing.