Water Resource Management Commons^™

Nitrate Runoff Contributing From The Agriculturally Intensive San Joaquin River Watershed To Bay-Delta In California, Ruoyu Wang

Ruoyu Wang

Dynamics Of Breakpoint Chlorination, Irvine Wei, J. Carrell Morris

Irvine W. Wei

No abstract provided.

Advanced Chemical Oxidation And Toxicity Reduction Of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol By Using Fenton's Reagent: Part Ii, Dechlorination Kinetics, Somnath Basu, Venkat Sreenivasan, Irvine W. Wei

Irvine W. Wei

Laboratory investigation has shown that Fenton's Reagent is a very effective oxidant for 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (TCP). The authors reported the first phase of this research, consisting of five different reactions of Fenton's Reagent on TCP, at the 1995 AIChE Summer National Meeting in Boston as Part I of this paper. The results demonstrated total removal of TCP, with almost complete release of aromatic ring bound chlorine atoms into chloride ions, significant reduction of TOC, and very importantly, significant toxicity reduction compared to the original substrate. These results suggested that Fenton's Reaction can be considered as a candidate process for treatment of …

Advanced Chemical Oxidation And Toxicity Reduction Of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol By Using Fenton's Reagent: Part Iv, Reaction Mechanism And Kinetics, Somnath Basu, Irvine W. Wei

Irvine W. Wei

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Chlorine Emission Potential At The New Deer Island Wastewater Treatment Plant, Somnath Basu, Kenneth Shilinsky, Irvine Wei

Irvine W. Wei

The Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (MWRA) is currently constructing a 1,200 million gallon per day secondary wastewater treatment facility on Deer Island, in Boston Harbor. Chlorine, in the form of sodium hypochlorite solution, is purchased and barged to Deer Island for use in both effluent disinfection and odor scrubbing. The Process Engineering Department of Deer Island, as part of its on-going cost effectiveness program, is currently evaluating on-site generation of sodium hypochlorite. The technical analysis includes a thorough examination of the chemistry of production and storage, including potential losses to atmosphere. This paper presents an overview of that examination, defines …

Uv Disinfection Of Treated Wastewater Effluent: Influence Of Color, Reactivation And Regrowth Of Coliform Bacteria, Somnath Basu, Jack Page, Irvine Wei

Irvine W. Wei

Disinfection is a very important unit process to deactivate coliform bacteria in treated wastewater. However, regrowth potential of coliform bacteria raises human health and safety concerns associated with reuse of treated wastewater in various applications. Both post chlorination and post UV disinfection regrowth have been reported in the literature. In view of increasing use of recycled wastewater for reuse, it is necessary to address this phenomenon from both technical and regulatory standpoints. A case study of fecal coliform regrowth in a full scale operating plant is reported here. This is expected to aid in further understanding of the phenomenon and …

A Conceptual Continuous Process For The Treatment And Toxicity Reduction Of Wastewater Contaminated With 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol: Extended Abstract, Somnath Basu, Irvine W. Wei

Irvine W. Wei

Fenton's Reagent is an aqueous solution of ferrous ions and hydrogen peroxide. Through laboratory experiments Fenton's Reagent has been shown to be an excellent treatment agent for the removal of organic contaminants dissolved in water. It carries out oxidative degradation of various organic substrates using the principle of advanced chemical oxidation. This is an excellent alternate route for the removal of hazardous and toxic chemicals, which are recalcitrant to biological treatment. The authors of this paper conducted an extensive laboratory investigation to study the degradation of 2,4,6- Trichlorophenol (TCP) using Fenton's Reagent, reported elsewhere. The results indicated an optimum H₂O₂:TCP …

Computer Simulation Of Lime-Soda Water Softening Process, J. C. Y. Chen, I. W. Wei

Irvine W. Wei

No abstract provided.

Upflow Anaerobic Filter With Dual Media: A Novel Concept, K. Jain, I. Wei, A. Panchal, N. Varandani

Irvine W. Wei

To overcome two of the main problems intrinsic to upflow anaerobic filters using single media--clogging and biomass washout--a new strategy consisting of two different media is studied. The study is to evaluate the performance of Dual Media Upflow Anaerobic Filter (DM UAF), a novel wastewater treatment unit using synthetic waste as well as primary treated effluent of Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP), Vatva, India, operated by The Green Environment Services Co-Operative Society Ltd. and also to compare the performance of DM UAF with Single media UAF on a laboratory scale. Biokinetics of DM UAF was also determined. A 14.45 L …

Advanced Chemical Oxidation And Toxicity Reduction Of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol By Using Fenton's Reagent: Part I, Kuang-Wei (Stone) Chen, Somnath Basu, Irvine W. Wei

Irvine W. Wei

The objective of this study is to exmnine the removal of a priority chlorinated aromatic pollutant, 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (TCP), in aqueous solution by using Fenton's Reagent (a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and ferrous iron catalyst). Chlorinated phenols are priority pollutants, regulated by stringent discharge litnits. The presence of chlorine increases the toxicity of these phenolic compounds and decreases their biodegradability. Therefore, the processes of oxidation and dechlorination of chlorinated phenols by using Fenton's Reagent were employed in this study. Experiments were conducted in one-liter stirred batch reactors at 20°C. Three parallel reactors were used for reactions between 0.25 mM 2,4,6-TCP and …

An Assessment Of The Water Distribution System In The City Of Medford, Massachusetts, Yogesh Jitoo, Irvine Wei, Thomas R. Morgan, Donald Ouellette

Irvine W. Wei

The objective of this paper is to present the analysis of the water distribution system for the City of Medford, Massachusetts to identify areas of pressure deficiency. H₂OMAP Water Suite, modeling software, was used to assess the system, and using the calibrated hydraulic model of the water distribution system, the current available fire flows were compared to the required fire flows as determined by the Insurance Services Office (ISO) in 2002. Further, the influence of improvements made by the City to the distribution system from 2002 through 2004 to meet the required fire flows was evaluated. The model was also …

Pilot Study Of Greater Boston Drinking Water Quality Changes - Impacts Of Ozonation And Distribution System, Irvine W. Wei, Xin (Cindy) Huang, Windsor Sung

Irvine W. Wei

The Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (MWRA) provides drinking water to 2.2 million people in Greater Boston. To ensure good water quality without filtration, the MWRA is about to replace chlorination with ozonation as the primary disinfection at the new Walnut Hill Water Treatment Plant, scheduled to be on-line in 2005. The objective of this study was to understand the influence of ozonation on monochloramine decay and pH change in the MWRA system. The influence of the distribution system, which consists of old cast-iron pipes, on the ozonated water was also investigated. A pilot plant, including a simulated distribution system with …

Cyclic Heating To Inhibit Bacterial Growth In Activated Carbon Point-Of-Use Treatment Devices, Irwin Silverstein, Irvine W. Wei

Irvine W. Wei

The effectiveness of using heat treatment on a cyclic basis as a means of inhibiting bacterial growth in activated carbon point-of-use treatment devices was examined. Heat treated and non-heat treated devices were compared in a controlled experiment with respect to parameters such as standard plate count, total organic carbon, total residual chlorine and head loss. The results of the study indicated that cyclic heat treatment can inhibit bacterial growth on the surface of granular activated carbon without compromising total organic carbon and total residual chlorine removal efficiencies or accelerating head loss. Microbiological testing verified that the control device had become …

Advanced Chemical Oxidation Of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol By Using Fenton's Reagent - Dechlorination And Toxicity Reduction, Kuang-Wei (Stone) Chen, Irvine W. Wei

Irvine W. Wei

Chlorinated phenols are priority pollutants, regulated by stringent discharge limits. The presence of chlorine increases the toxicity of these phenolic compounds and decreases their biodegradability. This study is to examine the removal of a priority chlorinated aromatic pollutant, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP), in aqueous solution by using Fenton's Reagent (a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and fenous iron catalyst), in terms of dechlorination and toxicity reduction. Test results indicate that the higher the molar ratio of H₂O₂ to TCP, the faster the release of chloride from TCP. However, the chloride released in all runs eventually approach the same level of theoretical chloride concentration, …

Climate Change Adaptation Chapter: Marshfield, Massachusetts, Joshua H. Chase, Jonathan G. Cooper, Rory Elizabeth Fitzgerald, Filipe Antunes Lima, Sally R. Miller, Toni Marie Pignatelli

Sally Miller

Climate change, understood as a statistically significant variation in the mean state of the climate or its variability, is the greatest environmental challenge of this generation (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2001). Marshfield is already being affected by changes in the climate that will have a profound effect on the town’s economy, public health, coastal resources, natural features, water systems, and public and private infrastructure. Adaptation strategies have been widely recognized as playing an important role in improving a community’s ability to respond to climate stressors by resisting damage and recovering quickly. Based on review of climate projections for the …

Exploring The Effects Of Aperture Size, Aperture Variability And Matrix Properties On Biocolloid Retention In A Single, Saturated Fracture, Margaret Burke

Sarah E Dickson

No abstract provided.

New Nanosystem Mixed Reactor For Urban Wastewater Treatment, Masoud Rastegar, Kamran Rahmati Shadbad

Masoud Rastegar

No abstract provided.

Mechanical Properties Of High Blaine Portland Cement, Masoud Rastegar, Kamran Rahmati Shadbad, Ali Hadidi

Masoud Rastegar

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Spontaneous Gas Expansion And Mobilization On The Aqueous-Phase Concentrations Above A Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid Pool., Kevin G. Mumford, James Smith, Sarah E. Dickson

Sarah E Dickson

This paper presents a framework to quantify the overall variability of the model estimations of Total Polychlorinated Biphenyls (Total PCBs) concentrations in the Niagara River on the basis of the uncertainty of few model parameters and the natural variability embedded in some of the model input variables. The results of the uncertainty analysis are used to understand the importance of stochastic model components and their effect on the overall reliability of the model output and to evaluate multiple sources of uncertainty that might need to be further studied. The uncertainty analysis is performed using a newly developed point estimate method, …

Degradation Of Organic Pollutants In Domestic Wastewaters By Concrete Plates Containing Of Photocatalyst Nanoparticles, Masoud Rastegar

Masoud Rastegar

No abstract provided.