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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Sustainability
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Aquatic Barriers Settings Variable, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Aquatic Barriers Settings Variable, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Data and Datasets
Aquatic barriers is one of several ecological settings variables that collectively characterize the biophysical setting of each 30 m cell at a given point in time (McGarigal et al 2017). Aquatic barriers measures the relative degree to which road-stream crossings (i.e., bridges and culverts) and dams may physically impede upstream and downstream movement of aquatic organisms, particularly fish. It is derived from a custom algorithm (see below for details) applied to dams and derived road-stream crossings. Briefly, each dam has an aquatic barrier score based either on dam height or attributes indicating whether the dam has a partial/complete breach. Similarly, …
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Terrestrial Barriers Settings Variable, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan B. Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Terrestrial Barriers Settings Variable, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan B. Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Data and Datasets
Terrestrial barriers is one of several ecological settings variables that collectively characterize the biophysical setting of each 30 m cell at a given point in time (McGarigal et al 2017). Terrestrial barriers measures the relative degree to which roads and railroads may physically impede movement of terrestrial organisms. It is derived by assigning an expertderived score to each road/railroad class to reflect the increasing physical impediment of larger roads, and adjusting these scores at road-stream crossings (i.e., bridge or culvert) based either on a custom algorithm applied to field measurements of the crossing structure or predictions from a statistical model …
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Biomass Settings Variable, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Biomass Settings Variable, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Data and Datasets
Vegetation biomass is an effective descriptor of the net primary productivity of an ecosystem. As such, it is a fundamental component of the ecosystem's trophic dynamics. In addition, vegetation biomass is an effective proxy for the successional development (or seral stage) of vegetation following a disturbance. Biomass is one of several ecological settings variables that collectively characterize the biophysical setting of each 30 m cell at a given point in time (McGarigal et al 2017). Specifically, biomass measures the estimated above-ground live biomass (Mg/ha) of undeveloped forested (including forested wetlands) cells in 2010 based primarily on a spectral analysis of …
Quality Of Life In A “High-Rise Lawless Slum”: A Study Of The Kowloon Walled City, Prudencea Leung Kwok Lau, Lawrenceb Wai Chung Lai, Daniel Chi Wing Ho
Quality Of Life In A “High-Rise Lawless Slum”: A Study Of The Kowloon Walled City, Prudencea Leung Kwok Lau, Lawrenceb Wai Chung Lai, Daniel Chi Wing Ho
Faculty of Design & Environment (THEi)
Informed by the ‘quality of life’ model with specific reference to Chinese culture, this article uses reliable and publicly available information seldom used in historical or heritage study to identify the designs of flats and builders of the “Kowloon Walled City” (hereafter the City) and reliable oral testimonies to refute some myths about the quality of life within it. This settlement has been notoriously misrepresented by some as a city of darkness that was razed from the face of the Earth before 1997 to fulfill a pre-war dream of the colonial government. This article confirms the view that this extremely …
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Topographic Wetness And Flow Volume Settings Variables, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Topographic Wetness And Flow Volume Settings Variables, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Data and Datasets
Topographic wetness and flow volume are two of several ecological settings variables that collectively characterize the biophysical setting of each 30 m cell at a given point in time (McGarigal et al 2017). These variables are two ways of assessing the flow of water; they share an underlying algorithm. Topographic wetness gives an estimate of the amount of moisture at any point in the landscape based on topography, which has a major effect on species habitat, soils, and the nutrient cycle. It ranges, in arbitrary units, from low values at hilltops and steep upper slopes to high values in low, …
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Tides Settings Variable, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan B. Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Tides Settings Variable, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan B. Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Data and Datasets
Tides is one of several ecological settings variables that collectively characterize the biophysical setting of each 30 m cell at a given point in time (McGarigal et al 2017). Tides estimates the probability that a point is intertidal or subtidal. It is derived from a logistic regression model using tide range and elevation to distinguish mapped salt marshes from uplands.
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Development Settings Variable, Hard Development Settings Variable, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Development Settings Variable, Hard Development Settings Variable, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Data and Datasets
Development and hard development are two of several ecological settings variables that collectively characterize the biophysical setting of each 30 m cell at a given point in time (McGarigal et al 2017). Development represents all development, scaled from 0 to 10 by development intensity. Hard development is a subset of development, with a value of 1 for very high intensity development only. Both layers come from DSLland, the primary landcover map. These are dynamic settings variables, increasing with future urban growth.
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Substrate Mobility Settings Variable, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan B. Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Substrate Mobility Settings Variable, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan B. Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Data and Datasets
Substrate mobility is one of several ecological settings variables that collectively characterize the biophysical setting of each 30 m cell at a given point in time (McGarigal et al 2017). Substrate mobility measures the realized mobility of the physical substrate, due to both substrate composition (e.g., sand) and exposure to forces (wind and water) that transport material. This is an important attribute of certain dynamic systems (e.g., coastal dune systems); given as a simple index of mobility (1 = stable, 10 = highly mobile). Substrate mobility is assigned by landcover class, derived from expert opinion. This settings variable is dynamic, …
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Wind Exposure Settings Variable, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Wind Exposure Settings Variable, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Data and Datasets
Wind exposure is one of several ecological settings variables that collectively characterize the biophysical setting of each 30 m cell at a given point in time (McGarigal et al 2017). Wind exposure gives the mean sustained wind speed (m/s) at 50 m height. High wind speeds can shape natural communities, especially on exposed high peaks.
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Water Salinity Settings Variable, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Water Salinity Settings Variable, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Data and Datasets
Water salinity is one of several ecological settings variables that collectively characterize the biophysical setting of each 30 m cell at a given point in time (McGarigal et al 2017). Salinity, which varies from 0‰ in freshwater to 30‰ in seawater, is a major driver of aquatic systems, as very few organisms can survive across this full range.
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Index Of Ecological Integrity, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Designing Sustainable Landscapes: Index Of Ecological Integrity, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Data and Datasets
The index of ecological integrity (IEI) is a measure of relative intactness (i.e., freedom from adverse human modifications and disturbance) and resiliency to environmental change (i.e., capacity to recover from or adapt to changing environmental conditions driven by human land use and climate change). It is a composite index derived from up to 21 different landscape metrics, each measuring a different aspect of intactness (e.g., road traffic intensity, percent impervious) and/or resiliency (e.g., ecological similarity, connectedness) and applied to each 30 m cell (see technical document on integrity, McGarigal et al 2017). The index is scaled 0-1 by ecological system …
Ecological Integrity Metrics: All Integrity Data Products, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan B. Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Ecological Integrity Metrics: All Integrity Data Products, Kevin Mcgarigal, Brad Compton, Ethan B. Plunkett, Bill Deluca, Joanna Grand
Data and Datasets
The ecological integrity products represent a set of metrics corresponding to our ecosystem-based ecological assessment in 2010 (see Integrity document for details). The ecological integrity metrics include a variety of measures of intactness and resiliency. The individual metrics are also combined into a composite local index of ecological integrity (IEI).