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Full-Text Articles in Sustainability
Climate Variability, Oceanography, Bowhead Whale Distribution, And Iñupiat Subsistence Whaling Near Barrow, Alaska, Carin J. Ashjian, Stephen R. Braund, Robert G. Campbell, J. C. George, Jack Kruse, Wieslaw Maslowski, Sue E. Moore, Craig R. Nicolson, Stephen R. Okkonen, Barry F. Sherr, Evelyn B. Sherr, Yvette H. Spitz
Climate Variability, Oceanography, Bowhead Whale Distribution, And Iñupiat Subsistence Whaling Near Barrow, Alaska, Carin J. Ashjian, Stephen R. Braund, Robert G. Campbell, J. C. George, Jack Kruse, Wieslaw Maslowski, Sue E. Moore, Craig R. Nicolson, Stephen R. Okkonen, Barry F. Sherr, Evelyn B. Sherr, Yvette H. Spitz
Craig Nicolson
The annual migration of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) past Barrow, Alaska, has provided subsistence hunting to Iñupiat for centuries. Bowheads recurrently feed on aggregations of zooplankton prey near Barrow in autumn. The mechanisms that form these aggregations, and the associations between whales and oceanography, were investigated using field sampling, retrospective analysis, and traditional knowledge interviews. Oceanographic and aerial surveys were conducted near Barrow during August and September in 2005 and 2006. Multiple water masses were observed, and close coupling between water mass type and biological characteristics was noted. Short-term variability in hydrography was associated with changes in wind speed and …
Fences Impede Long-Distance Mongolian Gazelle (Procapra Gutturosa) Movements In Drought-Stricken Landscapes, Kirk A. Olson, Thomas Mueller, Peter Leimgruber, Craig Nicolson, Todd K. Fuller, S. Bolortsetseg, Amanda E. Fine, B. Lhagvasuren, William F. Fagan
Fences Impede Long-Distance Mongolian Gazelle (Procapra Gutturosa) Movements In Drought-Stricken Landscapes, Kirk A. Olson, Thomas Mueller, Peter Leimgruber, Craig Nicolson, Todd K. Fuller, S. Bolortsetseg, Amanda E. Fine, B. Lhagvasuren, William F. Fagan
Craig Nicolson
Human-generated landscape barriers are especially problematic for species whose life histories entail long-distance movements. In May 2008, hundreds of Mongolian gazelles (Procapra gutturosa) became entangled in border fences as thousands attempted to move from Mongolia into Russia. Typically, the root cause of such (non-migratory) mass animal movements can only be superfi cially described. Here we draw upon satellite imagery and a fortuitously timed fi eld study to investigate a likely hypothesis. At the same time that gazelles were attempting to cross from Mongolia into Russia, gazelles equipped with satellite-linked collars repeatedly attempted to emigrate from Mongolia into China. Satellite-derived estimates …
Adaptation And Sustainability In A Small Arctic Community: Results Of An Agent-Based Simulation Model, Matthew Berman, Craig Nicolson, Gary Kofinas, Joe Tetlichi, Stephanie Martin
Adaptation And Sustainability In A Small Arctic Community: Results Of An Agent-Based Simulation Model, Matthew Berman, Craig Nicolson, Gary Kofinas, Joe Tetlichi, Stephanie Martin
Craig Nicolson
Climate warming and resource development could alter key Arctic ecosystem functions that support fish and wildlife resources harvested by local indigenous communities. A different set of global forces—government policies and tourism markets—increasingly directs local cash economies that communities use to support subsistence activities. Agent-based computational models (ABMs) contribute to an integrated assessment of community sustainability by simulating how people interact with each other and adapt to changing economic and environmental conditions. Relying on research and local knowledge to provide rules and parameters for individual and collective decision making, our ABM generates hypothetical social histories as adaptations to scenario-driven changes in …