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Full-Text Articles in Geophysics and Seismology

The Southeastern Coastal Plain: An Overview, Lee J. Florea, H L. Vacher Jul 2009

The Southeastern Coastal Plain: An Overview, Lee J. Florea, H L. Vacher

Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.

Florida enjoys the highest density of large springs in North America (Scott et al., 2004); Silver Springs is just one of the 33 first-magnitude springs (mean flow greater than 100 cfs (2.8 m3/s), and there are hundreds of smaller springs (Fig. 6.2; see Meinzer, 1927, and Scott et al., 2004). They are supplied by spectacular underwater caves that are internationally recognized in the cave-diving community. Less well known are the many air-filled caves of the region (see Florea, 2006; Moore, 2006; Lane 1986). Though generally smaller than their aquatic counterparts, their beauty can rival the world’s best show caves. This …


The Cumberland Plateau Of Eastern Kentucky, Larry C. Simpson, Lee J. Florea Jul 2009

The Cumberland Plateau Of Eastern Kentucky, Larry C. Simpson, Lee J. Florea

Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.

Eastern Kentucky contains almost the same Mississippian limestones that appear at Mammoth Cave in south-central Kentucky (Chapter 3). To the east these strata dip below the Appalachian Basin and reappear as the Greenbrier Group in the Virginias. The limestone outcrop in eastern Kentucky follows the western margin of the Cumberland Plateau and forms a ragged ribbon of karst that is continuous from southeastern Ohio through Kentucky and Tennessee and into northern Alabama. There are more than 2,000 documented caves comprising over 470 km of surveyed passage in the Kentucky segment of the Cumberland Plateau (Fig. 2.115). At least 14 are …


Caves And Karst Of West-Central Florida, Lee J. Florea, David Budd, Robert Brinkmann Jul 2009

Caves And Karst Of West-Central Florida, Lee J. Florea, David Budd, Robert Brinkmann

Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.

The real west-central Florida is far from the “Sunshine State” image of white sand beaches and palm trees. Gently rolling hills, dense jungle-like forests, pine and palmetto scrublands, impenetrable cypress swamps, and alligator-laden rivers are more common. Numerous crystal-clear springs offer a glimpse of the hidden world below – a world that could challenge the most imaginative Disney artists (Fig. 6.17).


The Biscayne Aquifer Of Southeastern Florida, Kevin Cunningham, Lee J. Florea Jun 2009

The Biscayne Aquifer Of Southeastern Florida, Kevin Cunningham, Lee J. Florea

Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.

In southeastern Florida, locally delineated, small, poorly explored caves and subtle karst are characteristic of the limestone that composes the unconfined Biscayne aquifer – one of the most permeable aquifers in the world. The main units of the Biscayne aquifer are the Fort Thompson Formation and Miami Limestone, both characterized by eogenetic karst.


A Versatile Shotgun Source For Engineering And Groundwater Seismic Surveys, John R. Pelton Jan 2009

A Versatile Shotgun Source For Engineering And Groundwater Seismic Surveys, John R. Pelton

John (Jack) Pelton

We describe an electrical seismic gun that is capable of firing 8-gauge blank black powder shells in a water-filled borehole under relatively high hydrostatic pressures. The new seismic gun is a modified version of the electrical shotgun source for engineering seismic surveys introduced by Pullan and MacAulay (1987). Our modifications seal the firing circuit and 8-gauge shell against water entry so underwater detonation will occur reliably at depths to at least 80 m (0.9 MPa atmospheric pressure). Source energy is controlled by varying the size of the black powder load in the shell from 50 grains to 500 grains (10 …


Slip Heterogeneity On A Corrugated Fault, Phillip G. Resor, Vanessa E. Meer Dec 2008

Slip Heterogeneity On A Corrugated Fault, Phillip G. Resor, Vanessa E. Meer

Phillip G Resor

Slip heterogeneity reflects the fundamental physics of earthquake rupture and has been attributed to strong fault patches termed asperities or barriers. We propose that variations in fault-surface orientation due to slip-parallel corrugations may act as geometric asperities and barriers, generating variations in incremental (i.e. due to a single earthquake) slip across a fault surface. We evaluate this hypothesis using observations from the Arkitsa normal fault exposure in central Greece. A scan of the Arkitsa fault surface with 1-m spatial resolution and mm-scale precision reveals corrugations made up of 1–5 m wide synforms, antiforms, and nearly planar fault sections with long …


Overturning Instability In The Mesosphere And Lower Thermosphere: Analysis Of Instability Conditions In Lidar Data, Lucas Hurd, Miguel F. Larsen, Alan Z. Liu Dec 2008

Overturning Instability In The Mesosphere And Lower Thermosphere: Analysis Of Instability Conditions In Lidar Data, Lucas Hurd, Miguel F. Larsen, Alan Z. Liu

Alan Z Liu

No abstract provided.


Gravity Wave Propagation And Dissipation From The Stratosphere To The Lower Thermosphere, Xian Lu, Alan Z. Liu, Gary R. Swenson, Tao Li Dec 2008

Gravity Wave Propagation And Dissipation From The Stratosphere To The Lower Thermosphere, Xian Lu, Alan Z. Liu, Gary R. Swenson, Tao Li

Alan Z Liu

No abstract provided.


Estimate Eddy Diffusion Coefficients From Gravity Wave Vertical Momentum And Heat Fluxes, Alan Z. Liu Dec 2008

Estimate Eddy Diffusion Coefficients From Gravity Wave Vertical Momentum And Heat Fluxes, Alan Z. Liu

Alan Z Liu

No abstract provided.