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Full-Text Articles in Geology
The Southeastern Coastal Plain: An Overview, Lee J. Florea, H L. Vacher
The Southeastern Coastal Plain: An Overview, Lee J. Florea, H L. Vacher
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
Florida enjoys the highest density of large springs in North America (Scott et al., 2004); Silver Springs is just one of the 33 first-magnitude springs (mean flow greater than 100 cfs (2.8 m3/s), and there are hundreds of smaller springs (Fig. 6.2; see Meinzer, 1927, and Scott et al., 2004). They are supplied by spectacular underwater caves that are internationally recognized in the cave-diving community. Less well known are the many air-filled caves of the region (see Florea, 2006; Moore, 2006; Lane 1986). Though generally smaller than their aquatic counterparts, their beauty can rival the world’s best show caves. This …
The Cumberland Plateau Of Eastern Kentucky, Larry C. Simpson, Lee J. Florea
The Cumberland Plateau Of Eastern Kentucky, Larry C. Simpson, Lee J. Florea
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
Eastern Kentucky contains almost the same Mississippian limestones that appear at Mammoth Cave in south-central Kentucky (Chapter 3). To the east these strata dip below the Appalachian Basin and reappear as the Greenbrier Group in the Virginias. The limestone outcrop in eastern Kentucky follows the western margin of the Cumberland Plateau and forms a ragged ribbon of karst that is continuous from southeastern Ohio through Kentucky and Tennessee and into northern Alabama. There are more than 2,000 documented caves comprising over 470 km of surveyed passage in the Kentucky segment of the Cumberland Plateau (Fig. 2.115). At least 14 are …
Caves And Karst Of West-Central Florida, Lee J. Florea, David Budd, Robert Brinkmann
Caves And Karst Of West-Central Florida, Lee J. Florea, David Budd, Robert Brinkmann
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
The real west-central Florida is far from the “Sunshine State” image of white sand beaches and palm trees. Gently rolling hills, dense jungle-like forests, pine and palmetto scrublands, impenetrable cypress swamps, and alligator-laden rivers are more common. Numerous crystal-clear springs offer a glimpse of the hidden world below – a world that could challenge the most imaginative Disney artists (Fig. 6.17).
Geology And Hydrology Of Karst In West-Central And North-Central Florida, Lee J. Florea
Geology And Hydrology Of Karst In West-Central And North-Central Florida, Lee J. Florea
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
The state of Florida is blessed with the highest density of large springs in North America and hundreds of smaller springs where the water from limestone aquifers returns to the surface (Scott et al., 2004). Spectacular underwater caves supply water to these springs. Lesser known are the equally fantastic air-filled caves of Florida and South Georgia (Florea, 2006; Lane, 1986). This paper features these underwater and airfilled caves, explores the impact of changes in sea level on karst in this near-coastal environment, and establishes several geologic and hydrologic characteristics that distinguish karst in the limestones of the southeast from karst …
Visualization Of Groundwater Flow Within Touching-Vug And Matrix Porosity In An Eogenetic Karst Aquifer, Lee J. Florea, Kevin J. Cunningham, Stephen Altobelli
Visualization Of Groundwater Flow Within Touching-Vug And Matrix Porosity In An Eogenetic Karst Aquifer, Lee J. Florea, Kevin J. Cunningham, Stephen Altobelli
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
In this study, we use an innovative, non-invasive technology, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI), to visualize the direction and magnitude of groundwater flow in field samples of late Pleistocene limestone of the Biscayne aquifer. Specific goals of the first set of NMRI experiments are to map the advective velocity of water flowing at two rates of specific discharge (0.00025 and 0.00013 m/s) through a 10-cm-diameter cylindrical, epoxy-resin model. The model interior accurately reproduces a well-connected maze of ichnologically influenced, centimeter-scale, touching-vug macroporosity common within preferred flow zones in parts of the Biscayne aquifer. A second set of NMRI experiments investigates …
Focus Group On Karst Hydrology - Conceptual Models, Aquifer Characterization, And Numerical Modeling, Martin Sauter, Lee J. Florea, Others
Focus Group On Karst Hydrology - Conceptual Models, Aquifer Characterization, And Numerical Modeling, Martin Sauter, Lee J. Florea, Others
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
No abstract provided.
Biogenic Porosity And Its Lattice Boltzmann Method Permeability In The Karst Biscayne Aquifer, Kevin Cunningham, Mike Sukop, Haibo Huang, Pedro Alvarez, Allen Curran, Michael Waker, Lee J. Florea, Robert Renken, Joann F. Dixon
Biogenic Porosity And Its Lattice Boltzmann Method Permeability In The Karst Biscayne Aquifer, Kevin Cunningham, Mike Sukop, Haibo Huang, Pedro Alvarez, Allen Curran, Michael Waker, Lee J. Florea, Robert Renken, Joann F. Dixon
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
No abstract provided.
Morphologic Features Of Conduits And Aquifer Response In The Unconfined Floridan Aquifer System, West Central Florida, Lee J. Florea, H L. Vacher
Morphologic Features Of Conduits And Aquifer Response In The Unconfined Floridan Aquifer System, West Central Florida, Lee J. Florea, H L. Vacher
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
Conduits within the unconfined Floridan Aquifer of west-central Florida include both horizontal and vertical components. In this paper, we investigate each and propose theories based upon cave survey data and a collection of over 300 Florida cave maps. First, we find that vertical portions of conduits visually correlate to fractures, and these fractures tend to be the dominant control of conduit directionality. Length-weighted rose diagrams of passage directions reveal a NW-SE and NE-SW pattern of conduit directions statistically similar to results found in remote sensing studies of photolinears. Secondly we note that horizontal elements of conduits occur at consistent horizons …
Le Voragini Catastrofiche Della Florida, Lee J. Florea, Robert Brooks, Tom Turner, Mario Parise
Le Voragini Catastrofiche Della Florida, Lee J. Florea, Robert Brooks, Tom Turner, Mario Parise
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
The West-Central Florida landscape is worlds away from white-sand beaches and palm trees: gentle rolling hills, dense jungle-like forests, pine tree and palmetto scrub lands, impenetrable cypress swamps, and alligator-laden rivers. Numerous crystal-clear springs offer a glimpse of the hidden world below these wildly-diverse ecosystems. Internationally recognized in the cave diving community, Florida harbors some of the longest and most spectacular underwater cave systems. Lesser known are Florida’s “dry” caves, that rarely have large natural openings and, though often smaller than their aquatic counterparts, the beauty found within can rival the world’s best show-caves. Little was known about caves and …
Cave Levels, Marine Terraces, Paleoshorelines, And The Water Table In Peninsular Florida, Lee J. Florea, H L. Vacher
Cave Levels, Marine Terraces, Paleoshorelines, And The Water Table In Peninsular Florida, Lee J. Florea, H L. Vacher
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
Levels of passages are a common feature of many cave systems around the world. Likewise, coastal and marine terraces are common in coastal plain settings. This paper extends the discussion of cave levels from traditional research sites in the interior lowlands of the United States to the Atlantic Coastal Plains, namely peninsular Florida. Are there levels in Florida caves, and is there a link between the elevation of cave levels, marine terraces, paleoshorelines, and thus the water table, above and below present sea level in peninsular Florida?
Light & Dark: The Hidden Wonders Of Buck Creek, Lee J. Florea
Light & Dark: The Hidden Wonders Of Buck Creek, Lee J. Florea
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
As early morning mists rise from the banks of its supple waters, beams of light penetrate the Buck Creek valley illuminating its beauty. While light illuminates most of the land, there are secret places, nestled within the forest where darkness reigns supreme. Places beyond the touch of the sun, beyond the influence of seasons. Here time is measured not in cycles of light but by the flow of water and fall of rock. These are the caves, conduits for water past and present. Nestled in the hills of south-central Kentucky the caves along Buck Creek provide the lifeblood for a …
Solute Transport Through Laboratory-Scale Karstic Aquifers, Lee J. Florea, Carol M. Wicks
Solute Transport Through Laboratory-Scale Karstic Aquifers, Lee J. Florea, Carol M. Wicks
Lee J Florea, PhD, P.G.
Laboratory-scale models of branchwork and of network karstic aquifers were constructed to provide data needed for calibration of numerical models. The distribution and connectedness of the conduits and sinkholes were scaled similarly to those found in nature; however, the porosity of models (2 and 3%) and the recharge rate (80 cm/hr) could not be scaled appropriately. Pulses of 1-M NaCl were injected sequentially at ten locations on both models to determine transport parameters using QTRACER. For all experiments, the Reynolds numbers were <150, the Peclet numbers were >6, and the Froude numbers were ~0. The flow regime was laminar and subcritical and advective processes dominated …