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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Geology
Diatoms As Recorders Of Sea Ice In The Bering And Chukchi Seas: Proxy Development And Application, Beth A. Caisse
Diatoms As Recorders Of Sea Ice In The Bering And Chukchi Seas: Proxy Development And Application, Beth A. Caisse
Open Access Dissertations
The recent, rapid decline in Arctic summer sea ice extent has prompted questions as to the rates and magnitude of previous sea ice decline and the affect of this physical change on icerelated ecosystems. However, satellite data of sea ice only extends back to 1978, and mapped observations of sea ice prior to the 1970s are sparse at best. Inventories of boreal ecosystems are likewise hampered by a paucity of investigations spanning more than the past few decades. Paleoclimate records of sea ice and related primary productivity are thus integral to understanding how sea ice responds to a changing climate. …
Reading Landscape: Mid-Century Modernism And The Landscape Idea, Jeffrey David Blankenship
Reading Landscape: Mid-Century Modernism And The Landscape Idea, Jeffrey David Blankenship
Open Access Dissertations
This dissertation traces the recovery of the landscape idea during the middle decades of the 20th century by a group of public intellectuals, scholars and designers responding to the everyday realities of the modern American built environment. That recovery served as a corrective to modernism's construction of landscape as either abstract utopian space or retrogressive historical tableau. The primary catalyst for this renewed interest in landscape as a representation of human cultures and their complex relationship with the natural world was the essayist and critic John Brinckerhoff Jackson (1909-1996) and his magazine Landscape. During the years of Jackson's editorship (1951-1968), …
Lacustrine Records Of Holocene Climate And Environmental Change From The Lofoten Islands, Norway, Nicholas L. Balascio
Lacustrine Records Of Holocene Climate And Environmental Change From The Lofoten Islands, Norway, Nicholas L. Balascio
Open Access Dissertations
Lakes sediments from the Lofoten Islands, Norway, can be used to generate well resolved records of past climate and environmental change. This dissertation presents three lacustrine paleoenvironmental reconstructions that show evidence for Holocene climate changes associated with North Atlantic climate dynamics and relative sea-level variations driven by glacio-isostatic adjustment. This study also uses distal tephra deposits (cryptotephra) from Icelandic volcanic eruptions to improve the chronologies of these reconstructions and explores new approaches to crypto-tephrochronology. Past and present conditions at Vikjordvatnet, Fiskebølvatnet, and Heimerdalsvatnet were studied during four field seasons conducted from 2007-2010. Initially, each lake was characterized by measuring water …
Analysis Of The Gouldsboro Pluton And The Fehr Granite: Understanding The Scales Of Magmatic Processes And Partial Melt Generation From The Deep To Shallow Crust, George Christopher Koteas
Analysis Of The Gouldsboro Pluton And The Fehr Granite: Understanding The Scales Of Magmatic Processes And Partial Melt Generation From The Deep To Shallow Crust, George Christopher Koteas
Open Access Dissertations
The heterogeneity of the continental crust has a first order control on the dynamics of plate tectonic processes and the compositions of the Earth in both time and space. Heterogeneity can be characterized at a variety of scales and in a multitude of tectonic environments, but it is the links between seemingly disparate tectonic settings and crustal levels that are critical in understanding construction of the continents. The focus of this dissertation work is to apply microtextural, microgeochemical, whole rock geochemical and traditional petrographic techniques to study features in both deep and shallow crustal igneous rocks. The goal of these …
A History And Test Of Planetary Weather Forecasting, Bruce Scofield
A History And Test Of Planetary Weather Forecasting, Bruce Scofield
Open Access Dissertations
A unique methodology for forecasting weather based on geocentric planetary alignments originated in ancient Mesopotamia. The method, called astrometeorology, was further developed by Greek, Arab, and Renaissance scientists including Ptolemy, Al-Kindi, Tycho Brahe and Joannes Kepler. A major 17th century effort to test the method in a Baconian fashion was made by John Goad. Building on the ideas of Kepler and Goad, I test an isolated component of the method, specifically a correlation between geocentric Sun-Saturn alignments and cold temperatures, using modern daily temperature data from New England, Central England, Prague and other locations. My hypothesis states there is a …
Significance Of Water-Related Features On Mars, Eileen Marie Mcgowan
Significance Of Water-Related Features On Mars, Eileen Marie Mcgowan
Open Access Dissertations
The debate on whether water exists on Mars has been resolved by recent data from the Mars Phoenix Polar Lander. The lander found water ice just below the surface in the high northern latitudes of Mars. The questions to be answered now are: how much water was present in the past, how much water is currently present, what was the state the water in the past, and what is the current state of water on Mars. The morphology and spatial relationships are examined between three different landforms (pitted cones, giant polygons, and putative shorelines) considered to be the result of …
Normal And Extreme Sedimentation And Physical Processes In Lake Tuborg, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Edward Lewis
Normal And Extreme Sedimentation And Physical Processes In Lake Tuborg, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Edward Lewis
Open Access Dissertations
Lake Tuborg is a large lake on west-central Ellesmere Island, Nunavut. Part of the lake is meromictic, and contains trapped saltwater below about 55 m depth. The lake receives meltwater and sediments from multiple sources, including snowmelt and glacier melt. A lake process study was undertaken from 2001-2003 at Lake Tuborg that involved obtaining profiles of water temperature, salinity, transmissivity, and dissolved oxygen. Networks of short and long sediment cores were also obtained throughout the lake. During the last year of monitoring the lake and its sediments, a large catastrophic drainage of an ice-dammed lake occurred (a jökulhlaup). This was …
Numerical Modeling Of Fracturing In Non-Cylindrical Folds: Case Studies In Fracture Prediction Using Structural Restoration, John Ryan Shackleton
Numerical Modeling Of Fracturing In Non-Cylindrical Folds: Case Studies In Fracture Prediction Using Structural Restoration, John Ryan Shackleton
Open Access Dissertations
This thesis contains several distinct studies aimed at better understanding fracturing in compressional fault-cored folds. At outcrops of growth strata in the Oliana anticline in the Spanish Pyrenees, the relationship of two joint sets may reflect changing mechanical properties (i.e. via diagenesis) during the folding process. Using a Schmidt hammer, I assess the rigidity contrast between the individual units and suggest that late-stage, throughgoing joints formed in strata with conditions similar to those of the present day and that early, bed-contained joints formed when the rigidity contrast between beds was significantly greater than the present day contrast. Modeling algorithms that …