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- Cyclic Steps; Paleohydraulic Reconstruction; Seismic Geomorphology; Densimetric Froude Number; Outburst Flood (1)
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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Geology
The Sedimentary Imprint Of Pleistocene Glacio-Eustasy: Implications For Global Correlations Of Seismic Sequences, Cecilia M. Mchugh, Craig S. Fulthorpe, Koichi Hoyanagi, Peter Blum, Gregory S. Mountain, Kenneth G. Miller
The Sedimentary Imprint Of Pleistocene Glacio-Eustasy: Implications For Global Correlations Of Seismic Sequences, Cecilia M. Mchugh, Craig S. Fulthorpe, Koichi Hoyanagi, Peter Blum, Gregory S. Mountain, Kenneth G. Miller
Publications and Research
We evaluate lithofacies, chronology, and seismic sequences from the Canterbury Basin, New Zealand passive continental slope (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program [IODP] Expedition 317 Site U1352 and environs) and compare this with slope sequences from the New Jersey passive margin. Our goal is to understand continental slope sedimentation in response to glacio-eustasy and test the concepts of sequence stratigraphy. High-resolution geochemical elemental and lithostratigraphic analyses were calibrated to a chronology constructed from benthic foramininferal oxygen isotopes for the past ~1.8 m.y. We identify lithofacies successions by their unique geochemical and lithologic signature and correlate them with marine isotope stages (MIS) at …
Exploring The Historical Earthquakes Preceding The Giant 1960 Chile Earthquake In A Time-Dependent Seismogenic Zone, Marco Cisternas, Matias Carvajal, Robert Wesson, Lisa L. Ely, Nicolás Gorigoitia
Exploring The Historical Earthquakes Preceding The Giant 1960 Chile Earthquake In A Time-Dependent Seismogenic Zone, Marco Cisternas, Matias Carvajal, Robert Wesson, Lisa L. Ely, Nicolás Gorigoitia
All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences
New documentary findings and available paleoseismological evidence provide both new insights into the historical seismic sequence that ended with the giant 1960 south‐central Chile earthquake and relevant information about the region’s seismogenic zone. According to the few available written records, this region was previously struck by earthquakes of varying size in 1575, 1737, and 1837. We expanded the existing compilations of the effects of the two latter using unpublished first‐hand accounts found in archives in Chile, Peru, Spain, and New England. We further investigated their sources by comparing the newly unearthed historical data and available paleoseismological evidence with the effects …
Evidence For Late Pliocene Deglacial Megafloods From Giant Sediment Waves In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Zexuan Wang
Evidence For Late Pliocene Deglacial Megafloods From Giant Sediment Waves In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Zexuan Wang
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Laurentide Ice Sheet outburst floods to the Gulf of Mexico have been mainly documented based on deep-sea cores, especially the megafloods, only during the last several interglacial episodes in the late Pleistocene. The paleoclimatic significance of giant sedimentary structures developed under unconfined Froude-supercritical turbidity currents in subaqueous settings is considerably under-examined. This research extensively documents >20-km-wide and 200-m-thick Plio-Pleistocene giant sediment waves for the first time on the northern Gulf of Mexico continental slope using 3D seismic data, which show waveform morphology in unprecedented detail. The results suggest that such large-scale bedforms were formed under sheet-like unconfined Froudesupercritical turbidity currents …
Synoptic Atmospheric Conditions, Land Cover, And Equivalent Temperature Variations In Kentucky, Dorothy Yemaa Na-Yemeh
Synoptic Atmospheric Conditions, Land Cover, And Equivalent Temperature Variations In Kentucky, Dorothy Yemaa Na-Yemeh
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Research has demonstrated that equivalent temperature (TE), which incorporates both the surface air temperature (T) and moist heat content associated with atmospheric moisture, is a better indicator of overall heat content. This thesis follows up on a study that used TE to determine the impacts of land use/land cover and air masses on the atmospheric heat content over Kentucky during the growing season (April-September). The study, which used data from the Kentucky Mesonet, reveals that moist weather types dominate the growing season and, as expected, differences between T and TE are smaller under dry atmospheric conditions …
Assessing Seasonal And Spatial Variability In The Hydrogeochemistry Of Glacial Meltwater In Iceland, Anisha Tuladhar
Assessing Seasonal And Spatial Variability In The Hydrogeochemistry Of Glacial Meltwater In Iceland, Anisha Tuladhar
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
A detailed comparative geochemical characterization of three different types of Iceland glacial systems was conducted during June, August, and October, 2016. The study was carried out at a total of 11 outlet glacier rivers flowing from the icecaps Vatnajökull, Eyjafjallajökull, and Mýrdalsjökull. A total of 75 grab samples were collected (25 for each sampling period). The hydrogeochemical variations of Icelandic glacial meltwater are influenced by volcanic activity, temporal changes, and geographical location, which differed between the sampling sites within the glaciers and icecaps. Lower pH range, and comparatively higher and variable specific conductivity, SO4, S and F is linked to …
Unusual Geologic Evidence Of Coeval Seismic Shaking And Tsunamis Shows Variability In Earthquake Size And Recurrence In The Area Of The Giant 1960 Chile Earthquake, M. Cisternas, E. Garrett, R. Wesson, T. Dura, Lisa L. Ely
Unusual Geologic Evidence Of Coeval Seismic Shaking And Tsunamis Shows Variability In Earthquake Size And Recurrence In The Area Of The Giant 1960 Chile Earthquake, M. Cisternas, E. Garrett, R. Wesson, T. Dura, Lisa L. Ely
All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences
An uncommon coastal sedimentary record combines evidence for seismic shaking and coincident tsunami inundation since AD 1000 in the region of the largest earthquake recorded instrumentally: the giant 1960 southern Chile earthquake (Mw 9.5). The record reveals significant variability in the size and recurrence of megathrust earthquakes and ensuing tsunamis along this part of the Nazca-South American plate boundary. A 500-m long coastal outcrop on Isla Chiloé, midway along the 1960 rupture, provides continuous exposure of soil horizons buried locally by debris-flow diamicts and extensively by tsunami sand sheets. The diamicts flattened plants that yield geologically precise ages to correlate …
Ground-Rupturing Earthquakes On The Northern Big Bend Of The San Andreas Fault, California, 800 A.D. To Present, Katherine Scharer, Ray J. Weldon Ii, Glenn Biasi, Ashley Streig, Thomas Fumal
Ground-Rupturing Earthquakes On The Northern Big Bend Of The San Andreas Fault, California, 800 A.D. To Present, Katherine Scharer, Ray J. Weldon Ii, Glenn Biasi, Ashley Streig, Thomas Fumal
Geology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Paleoseismic data on the timing of ground-rupturing earthquakes constrain the recurrence behavior of active faults and can provide insight on the rupture history of a fault if earthquakes dated at neighboring sites overlap in age and are considered correlative. This study presents the evidence and ages for 11 earthquakes that occurred along the Big Bend section of the southern San Andreas Fault at the Frazier Mountain paleoseismic site. The most recent earthquake to rupture the site was the Mw7.7–7.9 Fort Tejon earthquake of 1857. We use over 30 trench excavations to document the structural and sedimentological evolution of a small …