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Theses/Dissertations

2020

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Full-Text Articles in Graphics and Human Computer Interfaces

Understanding The Dynamic Visual World: From Motion To Semantics, Huaizu Jiang Dec 2020

Understanding The Dynamic Visual World: From Motion To Semantics, Huaizu Jiang

Doctoral Dissertations

We live in a dynamic world, which is continuously in motion. Perceiving and interpreting the dynamic surroundings is an essential capability for an intelligent agent. Human beings have the remarkable capability to learn from limited data, with partial or little annotation, in sharp contrast to computational perception models that rely on large-scale, manually labeled data. Reliance on strongly supervised models with manually labeled data inherently prohibits us from modeling the dynamic visual world, as manual annotations are tedious, expensive, and not scalable, especially if we would like to solve multiple scene understanding tasks at the same time. Even worse, in …

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Argumentation Stance Polarity And Intensity Prediction And Its Application For Argumentation Polarization Modeling And Diverse Social Connection Recommendation, Joseph Winstead Sirrianni Dec 2020

Argumentation Stance Polarity And Intensity Prediction And Its Application For Argumentation Polarization Modeling And Diverse Social Connection Recommendation, Joseph Winstead Sirrianni

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Cyber argumentation platforms implement theoretical argumentation structures that promote higher quality argumentation and allow for informative analysis of the discussions. Dr. Liu’s research group has designed and implemented a unique platform called the Intelligent Cyber Argumentation System (ICAS). ICAS structures its discussions into a weighted cyber argumentation graph, which describes the relationships between the different users, their posts in a discussion, the discussion topic, and the various subtopics in a discussion. This platform is unique as it encodes online discussions into weighted cyber argumentation graphs based on the user’s stances toward one another’s arguments and ideas. The resulting weighted cyber …

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Envrment: Investigating Experience In A Virtual User-Composed Environment, Matthew Key Dec 2020

Envrment: Investigating Experience In A Virtual User-Composed Environment, Matthew Key

Master's Theses

Virtual Reality is a technology that has long held society's interest, but has only recently began to reach a critical mass of everyday consumers. The idea of modern VR can be traced back decades, but because of the limitations of the technology (both hardware and software), we are only now exploring its potential. At present, VR can be used for tele-surgery, PTSD therapy, social training, professional meetings, conferences, and much more. It is no longer just an expensive gimmick to go on a momentary field trip; it is a tool, and as with the automobile, personal computer, and smartphone, it …

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Making Sense Of Online Public Health Debates With Visual Analytics Systems, Anton Ninkov Nov 2020

Making Sense Of Online Public Health Debates With Visual Analytics Systems, Anton Ninkov

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Online debates occur frequently and on a wide variety of topics. Particularly, online debates about various public health topics (e.g., vaccines, statins, cannabis, dieting plans) are prevalent in today’s society. These debates are important because of the real-world implications they can have on public health. Therefore, it is important for public health stakeholders (i.e., those with a vested interest in public health) and the general public to have the ability to make sense of these debates quickly and effectively. This dissertation investigates ways of enabling sense-making of these debates with the use of visual analytics systems (VASes). VASes are computational …

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Simulation Approaches To X-Ray C-Arm-Based Interventions, Daniel R. Allen Aug 2020

Simulation Approaches To X-Ray C-Arm-Based Interventions, Daniel R. Allen

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Mobile C-Arm systems have enabled interventional spine procedures, such as facet joint injections, to be performed minimally-invasively under X-ray or fluoroscopy guidance. The downside to these procedures is the radiation exposure the patient and medical staff are subject to, which can vary greatly depending on the procedure as well as the skill and experience of the team. Standard training methods for these procedures involve the use of a physical C-Arm with real X-rays training on either cadavers or via an apprenticeship-based program. Many guidance systems have been proposed in the literature which aim to reduce the amount of radiation exposure …

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Snow-Albedo Feedback In Northern Alaska: How Vegetation Influences Snowmelt, Lucas C. Reckhaus Aug 2020

Snow-Albedo Feedback In Northern Alaska: How Vegetation Influences Snowmelt, Lucas C. Reckhaus

Theses and Dissertations

This paper investigates how the snow-albedo feedback mechanism of the arctic is changing in response to rising climate temperatures. Specifically, the interplay of vegetation and snowmelt, and how these two variables can be correlated. This has the potential to refine climate modelling of the spring transition season. Research was conducted at the ecoregion scale in northern Alaska from 2000 to 2020. Each ecoregion is defined by distinct topographic and ecological conditions, allowing for meaningful contrast between the patterns of spring albedo transition across surface conditions and vegetation types. The five most northerly ecoregions of Alaska are chosen as they encompass …

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Cognition And Context-Aware Computing: Towards A Situation-Aware System With A Case Study In Aviation, Justin C. Wilson Aug 2020

Cognition And Context-Aware Computing: Towards A Situation-Aware System With A Case Study In Aviation, Justin C. Wilson

Computer Science and Engineering Theses and Dissertations

In aviation, flight instructors seek to comprehend the intent and awareness of their students. With this awareness, derived from in-flight observation and post-flight examination, a human instructor can infer the internal contexts of their student aviators as they perform. It is this understanding that is fundamental for evaluating student development. Further, a well-understood construct for describing the state of knowledge about a dynamic environment is known as situational awareness (SA). Often pilot error is associated with SA [80], and it is fundamental to flight safety and mission execution. If these contexts can be automatically inferred, instructors and students can more …

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A 3d Image-Guided System To Improve Myocardial Revascularization Decision-Making For Patients With Coronary Artery Disease, Haipeng Tang Aug 2020

A 3d Image-Guided System To Improve Myocardial Revascularization Decision-Making For Patients With Coronary Artery Disease, Haipeng Tang

Dissertations

OBJECTIVES. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type of heart disease and kills over 360,000 people a year in the United States. Myocardial revascularization (MR) is a standard interventional treatment for patients with stable CAD. Fluoroscopy angiography is real-time anatomical imaging and routinely used to guide MR by visually estimating the percent stenosis of coronary arteries. However, a lot of patients do not benefit from the anatomical information-guided MR without functional testing. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is a widely used functional testing for CAD evaluation but limits to the absence of anatomical information. …

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The Meaning Of Red And Green In User Interfaces For The Color Deficient, Bassel Hamieh Jul 2020

The Meaning Of Red And Green In User Interfaces For The Color Deficient, Bassel Hamieh

University Honors Theses

Around 108 million web users are color blind which is a problem when the way we communicate over the web or interfaces is through the use of color. Red and green are two colors that are especially heavily used in interface design because of their strong symbolic associations; red being a sign to warn or stop and green being the opposite. This has a large effect on red-green color blind people who are not able to perceive either of those colors correctly. Many solutions exist that aim to help through color differentiation but none take into account color symbolism. With …

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Triaging Twitter Users: An Exploratory Visual Analytics System, Parinaz Nasr Esfahani Jun 2020

Triaging Twitter Users: An Exploratory Visual Analytics System, Parinaz Nasr Esfahani

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Twitter is one of the most popular microblogging and social networking services. Many people from a wide range of backgrounds use Twitter to contribute their thoughts on different topics through postings, known as ``tweets”. Analysts collect and analyze tweets to extract knowledge. To rely on tweets, it is crucial to assess Twitter users’ credibility. In recent years, researchers have proposed various techniques, especially data analytics models, for evaluating Twitter users and analyzing their behaviour; however, these techniques do not engage analysts in the process, leading to a lack of understanding and trust in results. In this thesis, an exploratory visual …

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Design Of Interactive Visualizations For Next-Generation Ultra-Large Communication Networks, Wenjun Chen Jun 2020

Design Of Interactive Visualizations For Next-Generation Ultra-Large Communication Networks, Wenjun Chen

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

With the increasing size and complexity of next-generation communication networks, it is critical to utilize interactive information visualization to support the network monitoring, planning, and management. Effectively visualizing large-scale networks has been considered difficult with traditional methods because of the high link density and complicated node relationship. Given the limited screen space, it is essential to explore how to present ultra-large-scale network data efficiently that can assist Internet Service Provider’s (ISP) network planning and management activities. This work proposes a design of the real-time interactive visualization system that combines the idea of progressive disclosure and multiple panels to elegantly visualize …

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Design And Test Of An Autonomy Monitoring Service To Detect Divergent Behaviors On Unmanned Aerial Systems, Loay Y. Almannaei Jun 2020

Design And Test Of An Autonomy Monitoring Service To Detect Divergent Behaviors On Unmanned Aerial Systems, Loay Y. Almannaei

Theses and Dissertations

Operation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) support many critical missions in the United State Air Force (USAF). Monitoring abnormal behavior is one of many responsibilities of the operator during a mission. Some behaviors are hard to be detect by an operator, especially when flying one or more autonomous vehicles; as such, detections require a high level of attention and focus to flight parameters. In this research, a monitoring system and its algorithm are designed and tested for a target fixed-wing UAV. The Autonomy Monitoring Service (AMS) compares the real vehicle or simulated Vehicle with a similar simulated vehicle using Software …

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Edge-Cloud Iot Data Analytics: Intelligence At The Edge With Deep Learning, Ananda Mohon M. Ghosh May 2020

Edge-Cloud Iot Data Analytics: Intelligence At The Edge With Deep Learning, Ananda Mohon M. Ghosh

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Rapid growth in numbers of connected devices, including sensors, mobile, wearable, and other Internet of Things (IoT) devices, is creating an explosion of data that are moving across the network. To carry out machine learning (ML), IoT data are typically transferred to the cloud or another centralized system for storage and processing; however, this causes latencies and increases network traffic. Edge computing has the potential to remedy those issues by moving computation closer to the network edge and data sources. On the other hand, edge computing is limited in terms of computational power and thus is not well suited for …

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Video Synthesis From The Stylegan Latent Space, Lei Zhang May 2020

Video Synthesis From The Stylegan Latent Space, Lei Zhang

Master's Projects

Generative models have shown impressive results in generating synthetic images. However, video synthesis is still difficult to achieve, even for these generative models. The best videos that generative models can currently create are a few seconds long, distorted, and low resolution. For this project, I propose and implement a model to synthesize videos at 1024x1024x32 resolution that include human facial expressions by using static images generated from a Generative Adversarial Network trained on the human facial images. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first work that generates realistic videos that are larger than 256x256 resolution from single …

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Graphical Representation Of Text Semantics, Karl Kevin Tiba Fossoh May 2020

Graphical Representation Of Text Semantics, Karl Kevin Tiba Fossoh

Master of Science in Computer Science Theses

A text is a set of words conveying a particular semantic based on their order, representation and structure. Those elements can be associated through a different set of interpretations, based on frequency and proportionality. The problem with context is that numbers do not help understand the semantics and fall short to convey the message of the text. The graphical representation of text semantics focuses on the conversion of text to images. Contrarily to word clouds that simply produce frequency mapping of words within the text and topic models that essentially give context to word frequencies and proportionalities, images keep intact …

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Exploring Usage Of Web Resources Through A Model Of Api Learning, Finn Voichick May 2020

Exploring Usage Of Web Resources Through A Model Of Api Learning, Finn Voichick

McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Application programming interfaces (APIs) are essential to modern software development, and new APIs are frequently being produced. Consequently, software developers must regularly learn new APIs, which they typically do on the job from online resources rather than in a formal educational context. The Kelleher–Ichinco COIL model, an acronym for “Collection and Organization of Information for Learning,” was recently developed to model the entire API learning process, drawing from information foraging theory, cognitive load theory, and external memory research. We ran an exploratory empirical user study in which participants performed a programming task using the React API with the goal of …

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Exploring Attacks And Defenses In Additive Manufacturing Processes: Implications In Cyber-Physical Security, Nicholas Deily May 2020

Exploring Attacks And Defenses In Additive Manufacturing Processes: Implications In Cyber-Physical Security, Nicholas Deily

McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Many industries are rapidly adopting additive manufacturing (AM) because of the added versatility this technology offers over traditional manufacturing techniques. But with AM, there comes a unique set of security challenges that must be addressed. In particular, the issue of part verification is critically important given the growing reliance of safety-critical systems on 3D printed parts. In this thesis, the current state of part verification technologies will be examined in the con- text of AM-specific geometric-modification attacks, and an automated tool for 3D printed part verification will be presented. This work will cover: 1) the impacts of malicious attacks on …

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User Experience As A Rhetorical Medium: User At The Intersection Of Audience, Reader And Actor, Áine Doyle May 2020

User Experience As A Rhetorical Medium: User At The Intersection Of Audience, Reader And Actor, Áine Doyle

English Honors Theses

The goal of this project is to demonstrate how digital interfaces are bodies of visual language that can be “close-read” and interpreted critically, just like any other traditional text; digital user interfaces, like poetry and novels, have form and content that complement and shape the meaning and interpretation of the other. It is meant to encourage academic discussions about digital interfaces to go beyond whether social media is “good” or “bad” to how digital interfaces are structured, why they are structured the way they are, and what effects these structures have on the way they communicate information and content to …

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Generating Acoustic Projections Using 3d Models, Jake A. Brazelton May 2020

Generating Acoustic Projections Using 3d Models, Jake A. Brazelton

Senior Honors Projects, 2020-current

Raytracing is used in commercial graphics engines most commonly for lighting effects, but it also has many uses when it comes to acoustic simulation. Adopted directly from these computer graphics programs, the formulas presented herein enable the visualization of acoustic intensity levels throughout a 3D space using Python 3 and the OpenGL library. In addition to visualization, they also provide the ability to calculate the reverberation time and critical distance of an enclosed space in relation to its size and material makeup. The described application bundles all of these components together in a Qt5 application that allows users to view …

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Connecting The Dots For People With Autism: A Data-Driven Approach To Designing And Evaluating A Global Filter, Viseth Sean May 2020

Connecting The Dots For People With Autism: A Data-Driven Approach To Designing And Evaluating A Global Filter, Viseth Sean

Computational and Data Sciences (PhD) Dissertations

"Social communication is the use of language in social contexts. It encompasses social interaction, social cognition, pragmatics, and language processing” [3]. One presumed prerequisite of social communication is visual attention–the focus of this work. “Visual attention is a process that directs a tiny fraction of the information arriving at primary visual cortex to high-level centers involved in visual working memory and pattern recognition” [7]. This process involves the integration of two streams: the global and local streams; the global stream rapidly processes the scene, and the local stream processes details. This integration is important to social communication in that attending …

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Tidytouch: An Interactive Visualization Tool For Data Science Education, Jonah E. Devaney May 2020

Tidytouch: An Interactive Visualization Tool For Data Science Education, Jonah E. Devaney

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Accessibility and usability of software define the programs used for both professional and academic activities. While many proprietary tools are easy to grasp, some challenges exist in using more technical resources, such as the statistical programming language R. The creative project tidyTouch is a web application designed to help educate any user in basic R data visualization and transformation using the popular ggplot2 and dplyr packages. Providing point-and-click interactivity to explore potential modifications of graphics for data presentation, the application uses an intuitive interface to make R more accessible to those without programming experience. This project is in a state …

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Stay-At-Home Motor Rehabilitation: Optimizing Spatiotemporal Learning On Low-Cost Capacitive Sensor Arrays, Reid Sutherland May 2020

Stay-At-Home Motor Rehabilitation: Optimizing Spatiotemporal Learning On Low-Cost Capacitive Sensor Arrays, Reid Sutherland

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Repeated, consistent, and precise gesture performance is a key part of recovery for stroke and other motor-impaired patients. Close professional supervision to these exercises is also essential to ensure proper neuromotor repair, which consumes a large amount of medical resources. Gesture recognition systems are emerging as stay-at-home solutions to this problem, but the best solutions are expensive, and the inexpensive solutions are not universal enough to tackle patient-to-patient variability. While many methods have been studied and implemented, the gesture recognition system designer does not have a strategy to effectively predict the right method to fit the needs of a patient. …

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Investigating Machine Learning Techniques For Gesture Recognition With Low-Cost Capacitive Sensing Arrays, Michael Fahr Jr. May 2020

Investigating Machine Learning Techniques For Gesture Recognition With Low-Cost Capacitive Sensing Arrays, Michael Fahr Jr.

Computer Science and Computer Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Machine learning has proven to be an effective tool for forming models to make predictions based on sample data. Supervised learning, a subset of machine learning, can be used to map input data to output labels based on pre-existing paired data. Datasets for machine learning can be created from many different sources and vary in complexity, with popular datasets including the MNIST handwritten dataset and CIFAR10 image dataset. The focus of this thesis is to test and validate multiple machine learning models for accurately classifying gestures performed on a low-cost capacitive sensing array. Multiple neural networks are trained using gesture …

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Speech Processing In Computer Vision Applications, Nicholas Waterworth May 2020

Speech Processing In Computer Vision Applications, Nicholas Waterworth

Computer Science and Computer Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Deep learning has been recently proven to be a viable asset in determining features in the field of Speech Analysis. Deep learning methods like Convolutional Neural Networks facilitate the expansion of specific feature information in waveforms, allowing networks to create more feature dense representations of data. Our work attempts to address the problem of re-creating a face given a speaker's voice and speaker identification using deep learning methods. In this work, we first review the fundamental background in speech processing and its related applications. Then we introduce novel deep learning-based methods to speech feature analysis. Finally, we will present our …

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A Visual Analytics System For Investigating Multimorbidity Using Supervised Machine Learning, Maede Sadat Nouri Apr 2020

A Visual Analytics System For Investigating Multimorbidity Using Supervised Machine Learning, Maede Sadat Nouri

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Patterns of multimorbidity are complex and difficult to summarise using static visualization techniques like tables and charts. We present a visual analytics system with the goal of facilitating the process of making sense of data collected from patients with multimorbidity. The system reveals underlying patterns in the data visually and interactively, which enables users to easily assess both prevalence and correlation estimates of different chronic diseases among multimorbid patients with varying characteristics. To do so, the system uses count-based conditional probability, binary logistic regression, softmax regression and decision tree models to dynamically compute and visualize prevalence and correlation estimates for …

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The Effects Of Mixed-Initiative Visualization Systems On Exploratory Data Analysis, Adam Kern Apr 2020

The Effects Of Mixed-Initiative Visualization Systems On Exploratory Data Analysis, Adam Kern

McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The main purpose of information visualization is to act as a window between a user and data. Historically, this has been accomplished via a single-agent framework: the only decisionmaker in the relationship between visualization system and analyst is the analyst herself. Yet this framework arose not from first principles, but from necessity: prior to this decade, computers were limited in their decision-making capabilities, especially in the face of large, complex datasets and visualization systems. This thesis aims to present the design and evaluation of a mixed-initiative system that aids the user in handling large, complex datasets and dense visualization systems. …

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Motion Segmentation - Segmentation Of Independently Moving Objects In Video, Pia Katalin Bideau Mar 2020

Motion Segmentation - Segmentation Of Independently Moving Objects In Video, Pia Katalin Bideau

Doctoral Dissertations

The ability to recognize motion is one of the most important functions of our visual system. Motion allows us both to recognize objects and to get a better understanding of the 3D world in which we are moving. Because of its importance, motion is used to answer a wide variety of fundamental questions in computer vision such as: (1) Which objects are moving independently in the world? (2) Which objects are close and which objects are far away? (3) How is the camera moving?
My work addresses the problem of moving object segmentation in unconstrained videos. I developed a probabilistic …

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Electronic Image Detectability Under Varying Illumination Conditions, Jeremy J. Miller Mar 2020

Electronic Image Detectability Under Varying Illumination Conditions, Jeremy J. Miller

Theses and Dissertations

Light in the built environment plays an essential role in the vision and the health of humans through non-visual receptors in the eyes. Unfortunately, image analysts and other Air Force personnel who engage in the detection of objects on softcopy displays are often required to work in very dimly-lit or dark environments as higher illumination reduces the contrast of displayed information. Literature has shown that increases in light exposure improves circadian rhythm entrainment and reduces the negative health consequences of insufficient lighting. This research examines the effects of indoor lighting to determine if increases in ambient illumination or changes to …

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The Impact Of Changing The Size Of Aircraft Radar Displays On Visual Search In The Cockpit, Justin R. Marsh Mar 2020

The Impact Of Changing The Size Of Aircraft Radar Displays On Visual Search In The Cockpit, Justin R. Marsh

Theses and Dissertations

Advances in sensor technology have enabled our fighter aircraft to find, fix, track, target, engage (F2T2E) at greater distances, providing the operator with more data within the battlefield. Modern aircraft are designed with larger displays while our legacy aircraft are being retrofitted with larger cockpit displays to enable display of the increased data. While this modification has been shown to enable improvements in human performance of many cockpit tasks, this effect is often not measured nor fully understood at a more generalizable level. This research outlines an approach to comparing human performance across two display sizes in future F-16 cockpits. …

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Interfaz Cerebro Computador Bci Para Caracterizar Usuarios Niños Con Trastorno Por Déficit De Atención E Hiperactividad Tdah, Liz Yineth Salinas Pulgarín, Nilson Nicolas Vijalba Caballero Jan 2020

Interfaz Cerebro Computador Bci Para Caracterizar Usuarios Niños Con Trastorno Por Déficit De Atención E Hiperactividad Tdah, Liz Yineth Salinas Pulgarín, Nilson Nicolas Vijalba Caballero

Ingeniería en Automatización

Los usuarios con TDAH no pueden integrarse normalmente en el aula de clase, el análisis de señales cerebrales es una técnica que permite determinar qué tipo de actividades pueden generar mayores procesos atencionales y de esta forma incluirse en el aula de clase. Por lo cual el presente proyecto consiste en diseñar e implementar una Interfaz Cerebro Computador en la que los estudiantes puedan realizar una actividad, por medio de ejercicios dados en la interfaz o dados por un especialista, se debe tener disponibilidad de un casco de electrodos para poder leer las señales cerebrales, de esta manera se podrán …

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