Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Databases and Information Systems Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
- Keyword
-
- Big data (3)
- Topology (3)
- Twitter (2)
- 2011 UK Census (1)
- 3D GIS (1)
-
- Action (1)
- Activity (1)
- Affordances (1)
- Anatomical atlases  (1)
- Architecture (1)
- Aspect-based sentiment analysis (1)
- Automated cartography (1)
- Big spatial data (1)
- Block merging algorithms (1)
- Block model structure (1)
- Boston (1)
- Boundary correction (1)
- Boundary delineation (1)
- Browsing (1)
- CDS (1)
- Cartographic generalization (1)
- Class relation (1)
- Classification (1)
- Cluster analysis (1)
- Cognitive impact (1)
- Collection relation (1)
- Complex models (1)
- Computational geometry (1)
- Computational movement analysis (1)
- Constraint formulation (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 35
Full-Text Articles in Databases and Information Systems
Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia
Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia
Journal of Nonprofit Innovation
Urban farming can enhance the lives of communities and help reduce food scarcity. This paper presents a conceptual prototype of an efficient urban farming community that can be scaled for a single apartment building or an entire community across all global geoeconomics regions, including densely populated cities and rural, developing towns and communities. When deployed in coordination with smart crop choices, local farm support, and efficient transportation then the result isn’t just sustainability, but also increasing fresh produce accessibility, optimizing nutritional value, eliminating the use of ‘forever chemicals’, reducing transportation costs, and fostering global environmental benefits.
Imagine Doris, who is …
Service Quality Monitoring In Confined Spaces Through Mining Twitter Data, Mohammad Masoud Rahimi, Elham Naghizade, Mark Stevenson, Stephan Winter
Service Quality Monitoring In Confined Spaces Through Mining Twitter Data, Mohammad Masoud Rahimi, Elham Naghizade, Mark Stevenson, Stephan Winter
Journal of Spatial Information Science
Promoting public transport depends on adapting effective tools for concurrent monitoring of perceived service quality. Social media feeds, in general, provide an opportunity to ubiquitously look for service quality events, but when applied to confined geographic area such as a transport node, the sparsity of concurrent social media data leads to two major challenges. Both the limited number of social media messages--leading to biased machine-learning--and the capturing of bursty events in the study period considerably reduce the effectiveness of general event detection methods. In contrast to previous work and to face these challenges, this paper presents a hybrid solution based …
The Impact Of Urban Road Network Morphology On Pedestrian Wayfinding Behaviour, Debjit Bhowmick, Stephan Winter, Mark Stevenson, Peter Vortisch
The Impact Of Urban Road Network Morphology On Pedestrian Wayfinding Behaviour, Debjit Bhowmick, Stephan Winter, Mark Stevenson, Peter Vortisch
Journal of Spatial Information Science
During wayfinding pedestrians do not always choose the shortest available route. Instead, route choices are guided by several well-known wayfinding strategies or heuristics. These heuristics minimize cognitive effort and usually lead to satisfactory route choices. Our previous study evaluated the costs of four well-known pedestrian wayfinding heuristics and their variation across nine network morphologies. It was observed that the variation in the cost of these wayfinding heuristics increased with an increase in the irregularity of the network, indicating that people may opt for more diverse heuristics while walking through relatively regular networks, and may prefer specific heuristics in the relatively …
How Does Socio-Economic And Demographic Dissimilarity Determine Physical And Virtual Segregation?, Michael Dorman, Tal Svoray, Itai Kloog
How Does Socio-Economic And Demographic Dissimilarity Determine Physical And Virtual Segregation?, Michael Dorman, Tal Svoray, Itai Kloog
Journal of Spatial Information Science
It is established that socio-economic and demographic dissimilarities between populations are determinants of spatial segregation. However, the understanding of how such dissimilarities translate into actual segregation is limited. We propose a novel network-analysis approach to comprehensively study the determinants of communicative and mobility-related spatial segregation, using geo-tagged Twitter data. We constructed weighted spatial networks representing tie strength between geographical areas, then modeled tie formation as a function of socio-economic and demographic dissimilarity between areas. Physical and virtual tie formation were affected by income, age, and race differences, although these effects were smaller by an order of magnitude than the geographical …
Geocomputation 2019 Special Feature, Antoni Moore, Mark Gahegan
Geocomputation 2019 Special Feature, Antoni Moore, Mark Gahegan
Journal of Spatial Information Science
No abstract provided.
Modelling Orebody Structures: Block Merging Algorithms And Block Model Spatial Restructuring Strategies Given Mesh Surfaces Of Geological Boundaries, Raymond Leung
Journal of Spatial Information Science
This paper describes a framework for capturing geological structures in a 3D block model and improving its spatial fidelity, including the correction of stratigraphic, mineralisation and other types of boundaries, given new mesh surfaces. Using surfaces that represent geological boundaries, the objectives are to identify areas where refinement is needed, increase spatial resolution to minimise surface approximation error, reduce redundancy to increase the compactness of the model and identify the geological domain on a block-by-block basis. These objectives are fulfilled by four system components which perform block-surface overlap detection, spatial structure decomposition, sub-blocks consolidation and block tagging, respectively. The main …
Big Issues For Big Data: Challenges For Critical Spatial Data Analytics, Chris Brunsdon, Alexis Comber
Big Issues For Big Data: Challenges For Critical Spatial Data Analytics, Chris Brunsdon, Alexis Comber
Journal of Spatial Information Science
In this paper we consider some of the issues of working with big data and big spatial data and highlight the need for an open and critical framework. We focus on a set of challenges underlying the collection and analysis of big data. In particular, we consider 1) inference when working with usually biased big data, challenging the assumed inferential superiority of data with observations, n, approaching N, the population n -> N. We also emphasise 2) the need for analyses that answer questions of practical significance or with greater emphasis on the size of the effect, rather than the …
Route Schematization With Landmarks, Marcelo De Lima Galvao, Jakub Krukar, Martin Noellenburg, Angela Schwering
Route Schematization With Landmarks, Marcelo De Lima Galvao, Jakub Krukar, Martin Noellenburg, Angela Schwering
Journal of Spatial Information Science
Predominant navigation applications make use of a turn-by-turn instructions approach and are mostly supported by small screen devices. This combination does little to improve users' orientation or spatial knowledge acquisition. Considering this limitation, we propose a route schematization method aimed for small screen devices to facilitate the readability of route information and survey knowledge acquisition. Current schematization methods focus on the route path and ignore context information, specially polygonal landmarks (such as lakes, parks, and regions), which is crucial for promoting orientation. Our schematization method, in addition to the route path, takes as input: adjacent streets, point-like landmarks, and polygonal …
Local Modelling: One Size Does Not Fit All, A. Stewart Fotheringham
Local Modelling: One Size Does Not Fit All, A. Stewart Fotheringham
Journal of Spatial Information Science
This editorial piece considers what happens when we abandon the concept that models of social processes have global application in favor of a local approach in which context or the influence of 'place' has an important role. A brief history of this local approach to statistical modelling is given, followed by a consideration of its ramifications for understanding societal issues. The piece concludes with futures challenges and prospects in this area.
Indigeneity And Spatial Information Science, Matt Duckham, Serene Ho
Indigeneity And Spatial Information Science, Matt Duckham, Serene Ho
Journal of Spatial Information Science
Spatial information science has given rise to a set of concepts, tools, and techniques for understanding our geographic world. In turn, the technologies built on this body of knowledge embed certain ways of knowing." This vision paper traces the roots and impacts of those embeddings and explores how they can sometimes be inherently at odds with or completely subvert Indigenous Peoples' ways of knowing. However advancements in spatial information science offer opportunities for innovation whilst working towards reconciliation. We highlight as examples four active research topics in the field to support a call to action for greater inclusion of Indigenous …
Inferring Movement Patterns From Geometric Similarity, Maike Buchin, Carola Wenk
Inferring Movement Patterns From Geometric Similarity, Maike Buchin, Carola Wenk
Journal of Spatial Information Science
Spatial movement data nowadays is becoming ubiquitously available, including data of animals, vehicles and people. This data allows us to analyze the underlying movement. In particular, it allows us to infer movement patterns, such as recurring places and routes. Many methods to do so rely on the notion of similarity of places or routes. Here we briefly survey how research on this has developed in the past 15 years and outline challenges for future work.
Why Are Events Important And How To Compute Them In Geospatial Research?, May Yuan
Why Are Events Important And How To Compute Them In Geospatial Research?, May Yuan
Journal of Spatial Information Science
Geospatial research has long centered around objects. While attention to events is growing rapidly, events remain objectified in spatial databases. This paper aims to highlight the importance of events in scientific inquiries and overview general event-based approaches to data modeling and computing. As machine learning algorithms and big data become popular in geospatial research, many studies appear to be the products of convenience with readily adaptable data and codes rather than curiosity. By asking why events are important and how to compute events in geospatial research, the author intends to provoke thinking into the rationale and conceptual basis of event-based …
Integrated Science Of Movement, Urska Demsar, Jed A. Long, Katarzyna Sila-Nowicka
Integrated Science Of Movement, Urska Demsar, Jed A. Long, Katarzyna Sila-Nowicka
Journal of Spatial Information Science
Recent technological advances in movement data acquisition have enabled researchers in many disciplines to study movement at increasingly detailed spatial and temporal scales. Yet there is little overlap in the sharing of methods and models between disciplines, despite similar research objectives and data models. Attempts to bridge this gap are leading towards the establishment of an overarching interdisciplinary science, termed the Integrated Science of Movement. Here we present opportunities and challenges of this process and outline the crucial role that GIScience as a discipline with a focus on space, place, and time can play in the integrated science of movement.
From Spatial To Platial - The Role And Future Of Immersive Technologies In The Spatial Sciences, Alexander Klippel
From Spatial To Platial - The Role And Future Of Immersive Technologies In The Spatial Sciences, Alexander Klippel
Journal of Spatial Information Science
Immersive technologies such as virtual and augmented reality have been part of the technology mindset in computer and geospatial sciences early on. The promise of delivering realistic experiences to the human senses that are not bound by physical reality has inspired generations of scientists and entrepreneurs alike. However, the vision for immersive experiences has been in stark contrast to the ability to deliver at the technology end; the community has battled nuisances such as cybersickness, tethers, and the uncanny valley for the last decades. With the 'final wave' of immersive technologies, we are now able to fulfill a long-held promise …
Thinking Spatial, Mohamed F. Mokbel
Thinking Spatial, Mohamed F. Mokbel
Journal of Spatial Information Science
The systems community in both academia and industry has tremendous success in building widely used general purpose systems for various types of data and applications. Examples include database systems, big data systems, data streaming systems, and machine learning systems. The vast majority of these systems are ill equipped in terms of supporting spatial data. The main reason is that system builders mostly think of spatial data as just one more type of data. Any spatial support can be considered as an afterthought problem that can be supported via on-top functions or spatial cartridges that can be added to the already …
Cartographic Generalization, Monika Sester
Cartographic Generalization, Monika Sester
Journal of Spatial Information Science
This short paper gives a subjective view on cartographic generalization, its achievements in the past, and the challenges it faces in the future.
Josis' 10th Anniversary Special Feature: Part Two, Benjamin Adams, Somayeh Dodge, Ross Purves
Josis' 10th Anniversary Special Feature: Part Two, Benjamin Adams, Somayeh Dodge, Ross Purves
Journal of Spatial Information Science
No abstract provided.
Mapping And Describing Geospatial Data To Generalize Complex Models: The Case Of Littosim-Gen, Ahmed Laatabi, Nicolas Becu, Nicolas Marilleau, Cécilia Pignon-Mussaud, Marion Amalric, Xavier Bertin, Brice Anselme, Elise Beck
Mapping And Describing Geospatial Data To Generalize Complex Models: The Case Of Littosim-Gen, Ahmed Laatabi, Nicolas Becu, Nicolas Marilleau, Cécilia Pignon-Mussaud, Marion Amalric, Xavier Bertin, Brice Anselme, Elise Beck
International Journal of Geospatial and Environmental Research
For some scientific questions, empirical data are essential to develop reliable simulation models. These data usually come from different sources with diverse and heterogeneous formats. The design of complex data-driven models is often shaped by the structure of the data available in research projects. Hence, applying such models to other case studies requires either to get similar data or to transform new data to fit the model inputs. It is the case of agent-based models (ABMs) that use advanced data structures such as Geographic Information Systems data. We faced this problem in the LittoSIM-GEN project when generalizing our participatory flooding …
Establishing An Information System For Documenting Valuable Buildings By Using Gis In Egypt, Mona Mahrous Abdel Wahed
Establishing An Information System For Documenting Valuable Buildings By Using Gis In Egypt, Mona Mahrous Abdel Wahed
Emirates Journal for Engineering Research
Valuable heritage buildings are the history of nations, and history forms the identities of these nations. Many of these buildings are exposed to deterioration, destruction and distortion. Therefore, it is essential to protect and maintain these buildings to protect history. Effective documentation of valuable buildings is necessary to guide and assist stakeholders in making decisions regarding valuable buildings. Documentation requires robust and scientific methods. Therefore, it is important to utilize new technology in general and geographic information system GIS in particular in documenting valuable buildings. GIS has the potential to contribute and deal with valuable buildings at various stages and …
A Hidden Markov Model For Matching Spatial Networks, Benoit Costes, Julien Perret
A Hidden Markov Model For Matching Spatial Networks, Benoit Costes, Julien Perret
Journal of Spatial Information Science
Datasets of the same geographic space at different scales and temporalities are increasingly abundant, paving the way for new scientific research. These datasets require data integration, which implies linking homologous entities in a process called data matching that remains a challenging task, despite a quite substantial literature, because of data imperfections and heterogeneities. In this paper, we present an approach for matching spatial networks based on a hidden Markov model (HMM) that takes full benefit of the underlying topology of networks. The approach is assessed using four heterogeneous datasets (streets, roads, railway, and hydrographic networks), showing that the HMM algorithm …
Evaluating Existing Manually Constructed Natural Landscape Classification With A Machine Learning-Based Approach, Rok Ciglic, Erik Strumbelj, Rok Cesnovar, Mauro Hrvatin, Drago Perko
Evaluating Existing Manually Constructed Natural Landscape Classification With A Machine Learning-Based Approach, Rok Ciglic, Erik Strumbelj, Rok Cesnovar, Mauro Hrvatin, Drago Perko
Journal of Spatial Information Science
Some landscape classifications officially determine financial obligations; thus, they must be objective and precise. We presume it is possible to quantitatively evaluate existing manually constructed classifications and correct them if necessary. One option for achieving this goal is a machine learning method. With (re)modeling of the landscape classification and an explanation of its structure, we can add quantitative proof to its original (qualitative) description. The main objectives of the paper are to evaluate the consistency of the existing manually constructed natural landscape classification with a machine learning-based approach and to test the newly developed general black-box explanation method in order …
Discovery Of Topological Constraints On Spatial Object Classes Using A Refined Topological Model, Ivan Majic, Elham Naghizade, Stephan Winter, Martin Tomko
Discovery Of Topological Constraints On Spatial Object Classes Using A Refined Topological Model, Ivan Majic, Elham Naghizade, Stephan Winter, Martin Tomko
Journal of Spatial Information Science
In a typical data collection process, a surveyed spatial object is annotated upon creation, and is classified based on its attributes. This annotation can also be guided by textual definitions of objects. However, interpretations of such definitions may differ among people, and thus result in subjective and inconsistent classification of objects. This problem becomes even more pronounced if the cultural and linguistic differences are considered. As a solution, this paper investigates the role of topology as the defining characteristic of a class of spatial objects. We propose a data mining approach based on frequent itemset mining to learn patterns in …
Using Osgeo Solutions For Local Development Systems Implementation. The Experience For The Northern Region Of Costa Rica, López-Villegas Oscar, Víquez-Acuña Oscar, Víquez-Acuña Leonardo
Using Osgeo Solutions For Local Development Systems Implementation. The Experience For The Northern Region Of Costa Rica, López-Villegas Oscar, Víquez-Acuña Oscar, Víquez-Acuña Leonardo
Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G) Conference Proceedings
Although some general definitions classify Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) as technological standards, institutional and even political agreements, which allow the discovery and use of geospatial information by users for different purposes [Kuhn 2005], computationally this platforms are valuable data repositories that should reach people efficiently and effectively for analysis and decision making on issues of collective interest. Costa Rica has several SDIs experiences at national level (SNIT - http://www.snitcr.go.cr), regional level (IDEHN - http://www.idehn.tec.ac.cr) or local/cantonal level (IDESCA - http://idesca.cr). Those infrastructures can facilitate access between geospatial information managers and their consumers through the implementation of particular software applications. The …
Kadaster Data Platform - Overview Archicture, Erwin Folmer, Wouter Beek
Kadaster Data Platform - Overview Archicture, Erwin Folmer, Wouter Beek
Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G) Conference Proceedings
The Dutch Cadastre is publishing its geospatial data assets as Linked Open Data through the Kadaster Data Platform (KDP). The KDP supports the following three Linked Data browsing paradigms: (1) graph navigation, (2) hierarchical browsing, and (3) faceted browsing. Graph navigation uses the graph-shape of the RDF datamodel, to display concepts and instances as nodes, and properties between them as edges between those nodes. Graph navigation works well for explorative browsing. For graph navigation the KDP uses LODView (http://lodview.it), an existing OSS. Hierarchical browsing uses the tree structure of the concept hierarchy in order to display the various classes and …
The Billion Object Platform (Bop): A System To Lower Barriers To Support Big, Streaming, Spatio-Temporal Data Sources, Devika Kakkar, Ben Lewis, David Smiley, Ariel Nunez
The Billion Object Platform (Bop): A System To Lower Barriers To Support Big, Streaming, Spatio-Temporal Data Sources, Devika Kakkar, Ben Lewis, David Smiley, Ariel Nunez
Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G) Conference Proceedings
With funding from the Sloan Foundation and Harvard Dataverse, the Harvard Center for Geographic Analysis (CGA) has developed a big spatio-temporal data visualization platform called the Billion Object Platform or "BOP". The goal of the project is to lower barriers for scholars who wish to access large, streaming, spatio-temporal datasets. Since once archived, streaming data gets big fast, and since most GIS systems don't support interactive visualization of millions of objects, a new platform was needed. The BOP is loaded with the latest billion geo-tweets and is fed a real-time stream of about 1 million tweets per day. The CGA …
Optimizing Spatiotemporal Analysis Using Multidimensional Indexing With Geowave, Richard Fecher, Michael A. Whitby
Optimizing Spatiotemporal Analysis Using Multidimensional Indexing With Geowave, Richard Fecher, Michael A. Whitby
Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G) Conference Proceedings
The open source software GeoWave bridges the gap between geographic information systems and distributed computing. This is done by preserving locality of multidimensional data when indexing it into a single-dimensional key-value store, using space filling curves. This means that like values in each dimension are stored physically close together in the datastore. We demonstrate the efficiencies and benefits of the GeoWave indexing algorithm to store and query billions of spatiotemporal data points. We show how this indexing strategy can be used to reduce query and processing times by multiple orders of magnitude using publicly available taxi trip data published by …
Exploring The Human Body Space: A Geographical Information System Based Anatomical Atlas, Antonio Barbeito, Marco Painho, Pedro Cabral, João Goyri O'Neill
Exploring The Human Body Space: A Geographical Information System Based Anatomical Atlas, Antonio Barbeito, Marco Painho, Pedro Cabral, João Goyri O'Neill
Journal of Spatial Information Science
Anatomical atlases allow mapping the anatomical structures of the human body. Early versions of these systems consisted of analogical representations with informative text and labeled images of the human body. With computer systems, digital versions emerged and the third and fourth dimensions were introduced. Consequently, these systems increased their efficiency, allowing more realistic visualizations with improved interactivity and functionality. The 4D atlases allow modeling changes over time on the structures represented. The anatomical atlases based on geographic information system (GIS) environments allow the creation of platforms with a high degree of interactivity and new tools to explore and analyze the …
A Context-Sensitive Conceptual Framework For Activity Modeling, Rahul Deb Das, Stephan Winter
A Context-Sensitive Conceptual Framework For Activity Modeling, Rahul Deb Das, Stephan Winter
Journal of Spatial Information Science
Human motion trajectories, however captured, provide a rich spatiotemporal data source for human activity recognition, and the rich literature in motion trajectory analysis provides the tools to bridge the gap between this data and its semantic interpretation. But activity is an ambiguous term across research communities. For example, in urban transport research activities are generally characterized around certain locations assuming the opportunities and resources are present in that location, and traveling happens between these locations for activity participation, i.e., travel is not an activity, rather a mean to overcome spatial constraints. In contrast, in human-computer interaction (HCI) research and in …
Μ-Shapes: Delineating Urban Neighborhoods Using Volunteered Geographic Information, Matt Aadland, Christopher Farah, Kevin Magee
Μ-Shapes: Delineating Urban Neighborhoods Using Volunteered Geographic Information, Matt Aadland, Christopher Farah, Kevin Magee
Journal of Spatial Information Science
Urban neighborhoods are a unique form of geography in that their boundaries rely on a social definition rather than a well-defined physical or administrative boundary. Currently, geographic gazetteers capture little more than then the centroid of a neighborhood, limiting potential applications of the data. In this paper, we present µ-shapes, an algorithm that employs fuzzy-set theory to model neighborhood boundaries suitable for populating gazetteers using volunteered geographic information (VGI). The algorithm is evaluated using a reference dataset and VGI from the Map Kibera Project. A confusion matrix comparison between the reference dataset and µ-shape's output demonstrated high sensitivity and accuracy. …
Creating The 2011 Area Classification For Output Areas (2011 Oac), Christopher G. Gale, Alexander D. Singleton, Andrew G. Bates, Paul A. Longley
Creating The 2011 Area Classification For Output Areas (2011 Oac), Christopher G. Gale, Alexander D. Singleton, Andrew G. Bates, Paul A. Longley
Journal of Spatial Information Science
This paper presents the methodology that has been used to create the 2011 Area Classification for Output Areas (2011 OAC). This extends a lineage of widely used public domain census-only geodemographic classifications in the UK. It provides an update to the successful 2001 OAC methodology, and summarizes the social and physical structure of neighborhoods using data from the 2011 UK Census. The results of a user engagement exercise that underpinned the creation of an updated methodology for the 2011 OAC are also presented. The 2011 OAC comprises 8 Supergroups, 26 Groups, and 76 Subgroups. An example of the results of …