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Articles 61 - 87 of 87
Full-Text Articles in Chemistry
Sc Inbre: A Catalyst For Biomedical Research Development In South Carolina, Lucia A. Pirisi-Creek M.D, Scott Little, Ph.D.
Sc Inbre: A Catalyst For Biomedical Research Development In South Carolina, Lucia A. Pirisi-Creek M.D, Scott Little, Ph.D.
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
The Tropical Forest And Fire Emissions Experiment: Laboratory Fire Measurements And Synthesis Of Campaign Data, Robert J. Yokelson, Ted J. Christian, T. G. Karl, Alex Guenther
The Tropical Forest And Fire Emissions Experiment: Laboratory Fire Measurements And Synthesis Of Campaign Data, Robert J. Yokelson, Ted J. Christian, T. G. Karl, Alex Guenther
Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications
As part of the Tropical Forest and Fire Emissions Experiment (TROFFEE), tropical forest fuels were burned in a large. biomass-fire simulation facility and the smoke was characterized with open-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS), gas chromatography (GC), GC/PTR-MS, and filter sampling of the particles. In most cases, about one-third of the fuel chlorine ended up in the particles and about one-half remained in the ash. About 50% of the mass of non-methane organic compounds (NMOC) emitted by these fires could be identified with the available instrumentation. The lab fire emission factors (EF, g compound emitted …
Antimalarial Activity Of 2,4-Diaminopyrimidines, J. Morgan, R. Haritakul, Paul A. Keller
Antimalarial Activity Of 2,4-Diaminopyrimidines, J. Morgan, R. Haritakul, Paul A. Keller
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
A series of 2,4- and 4,6-diaminopyrimidines were prepared and evaluated for their in vitro antimalarial activity. Of the 12 compounds tested 7 showed reasonable activity with 1 having a sub-micromolar IC50.
New Cyclic Peptides Via Ring-Closing Metathesis Reactions And Their Anti-Bacterial Activities, Timothy P. Boyle, John B. Bremner, Jonathan Coates, John Deadman, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne, David I. Rhodes
New Cyclic Peptides Via Ring-Closing Metathesis Reactions And Their Anti-Bacterial Activities, Timothy P. Boyle, John B. Bremner, Jonathan Coates, John Deadman, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne, David I. Rhodes
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
As part of a program investigating cyclic peptides with an internal aromatic hydrophobic scaffold as potential novel anti-bacterial agents, we explored the synthesis of simple tyrosine-based systems. These were prepared via key intermediates containing internal allylglycine and allyltyrosine residues for subsequent ring closing metathesis reactions. Although the resulting anti-bacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was modest, this represents a novel and simple route to this class of compounds. One intermediate acyclic dipeptide precursor showed good activity against S. aureus with an MIC of 7.8 µg/mL.
In-Vivo Delivery Of Dna Vaccines Using Metallo-Lipid Nanoparticles, Clarissa Sara Gomez
In-Vivo Delivery Of Dna Vaccines Using Metallo-Lipid Nanoparticles, Clarissa Sara Gomez
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
There has been a rapidly growing area of research in the design and synthesis of molecules that self-organize in water to form functional nanosystems and due to the high interest in the area metal ligand complexes were tested as drug delivery systems with a Leishmania vaccine. Herein, we present the design, synthesis and functional activity of Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes that self-assemble in water to form spherical nanoscale structures that exhibit an affinity to bind DNA and deliver it into eukaryotic cells with a high percent efficiency in-vitro. In order to assess the effectiveness of these nanoparticles to deliver DNA …
Inflammation: The Key To Health And Disease, Prakash Nagarkatti Ph. D, Donald J. Dipette M. D.
Inflammation: The Key To Health And Disease, Prakash Nagarkatti Ph. D, Donald J. Dipette M. D.
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Mutational Analysis Of The Stability Of The H2a And H2b Histone Monomers, Matthew R. Stump, Lisa M. Gloss
Mutational Analysis Of The Stability Of The H2a And H2b Histone Monomers, Matthew R. Stump, Lisa M. Gloss
Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science
The eukaryotic histone heterodimer H2A–H2B folds through an obligatory dimeric intermediate that forms in a nearly diffusion-limited association reaction in the stopped-flow dead time. It is unclear whether there is partial folding of the isolated monomers before association. To address the possible contributions of structure in the monomers to the rapid association, we characterized H2A and H2B monomers in the absence of their heterodimeric partner. By far-UV circular dichroism, the H2A and H2B monomers are 15% and 31% helical, respectively—significantly less than observed in X-ray crystal structures. Acrylamide quenching of the intrinsic Tyr fluorescence was indicative of tertiary structure. The …
Absorption Spectral Slopes And Slope Ratios As Indicators Of Molecular Weight, Source, And Photobleaching Of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter, John R. Helms, Aron Stubbins, Jason D. Ritchie, Elizabeth C. Minor, David J. Kieber, Kenneth Mopper
Absorption Spectral Slopes And Slope Ratios As Indicators Of Molecular Weight, Source, And Photobleaching Of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter, John R. Helms, Aron Stubbins, Jason D. Ritchie, Elizabeth C. Minor, David J. Kieber, Kenneth Mopper
Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications
A new approach for parameterizing dissolved organic matter ( DOM) ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra is presented. Two distinct spectral slope regions ( 275-295 nm and 350-400 nm) within log-transformed absorption spectra were used to compare DOM from contrasting water types, ranging from wetlands (Great Dismal Swamp and Suwannee River) to photobleached oceanic water ( Atlantic Ocean). On the basis of DOM size-fractionation studies ( ultrafiltration and gel filtration chromatography), the slope of the 275-295- nm region and the ratio of these slopes (SR; 275-295- nm slope : 350-400- nm slope) were related to DOM molecular weight ( MW) and …
Lignin Degradation In Wood-Feeding Insects, Scott M. Geib, Timothy R. Filley, Patrick G. Hatcher, Kelli Hoover, John E. Carlson, Maria Del Mar Jimenez-Gasco, Akiko Nakagawa-Izumi, Rachel L. Sleighter, Ming Tien
Lignin Degradation In Wood-Feeding Insects, Scott M. Geib, Timothy R. Filley, Patrick G. Hatcher, Kelli Hoover, John E. Carlson, Maria Del Mar Jimenez-Gasco, Akiko Nakagawa-Izumi, Rachel L. Sleighter, Ming Tien
Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications
The aromatic polymer lignin protects plants from most forms of microbial attack. Despite the fact that a significant fraction of all lignocellulose degraded passes through arthropod guts, the fate of lignin in these systems is not known. Using tetramethylammonium hydroxide thermochemolysis, we show lignin degradation by two insect species, the Asian longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis) and the Pacific dampwood termite (Zootermopsis angusticollis). In both the beetle and termite, significant levels of propyl side-chain oxidation (depolymerization) and demethylation of ring methoxyl groups is detected; for the termite, ring hydroxylation is also observed. In addition, culture-independent fungal gut …
Salt Marshes As A Source Of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (Cdom) To Southern California Coastal Waters, Catherine D. Clark, Liannea P. Litz, Stanley B. Grant
Salt Marshes As A Source Of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (Cdom) To Southern California Coastal Waters, Catherine D. Clark, Liannea P. Litz, Stanley B. Grant
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
To determine chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) sources in Southern California coastal waters, optical properties of a river outlet and adjacent tidally flushed salt marshes were monitored (dry season; June July 2001). Average absorption coefficients doubled at ebb vs. flood tides (4.8 +/- 1.5 vs. 2.1 +/- 0.9 m(-1); 300 nm), suggesting significant salt marsh CDOM inputs into coastal waters. Average spectral slopes were not statistically different for any sites or tides (0.010 +/- 0.002 nm(-1)), consistent with salt marsh CDOM dominating coastal waters. Three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) at ebb tide showed contributions from terrestrial, protein, and marine humic-like …
Dms Air/Sea Flux And Gas Transfer Coefficients From The North Atlantic Summertime Coccolithophore Bloom, Christa Marandino, Warren J. De Bruyn, Scott Miller, Eric S. Saltzman
Dms Air/Sea Flux And Gas Transfer Coefficients From The North Atlantic Summertime Coccolithophore Bloom, Christa Marandino, Warren J. De Bruyn, Scott Miller, Eric S. Saltzman
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Dimethylsulfide (DMS) atmospheric and oceanic concentrations and eddy covariance air/sea fluxes were measured over the N. Atlantic Ocean during July 2007 from Iceland to Woods Hole, MA, USA. Seawater DMS levels north of 55 degrees N ranged from 3 to 17 nM, with variability related to the satellite-derived distributions of coccoliths and to a lesser extent, chlorophyll. For the most intense bloom region southwest of Iceland, DMS air/sea fluxes were as high as 300 mu mol m(-2) d(-1), larger than current model estimates. The observations imply that gas exchange coefficients in this region are significantly greater than those estimated using …
Oxidative Coupling Of Indoles Using Thallium(Iii) Trifluoroacetate, Paul A. Keller, N. R. Yepuri, M. J. Kelso, M. Mariani, B. W. Skelton, A. H. White
Oxidative Coupling Of Indoles Using Thallium(Iii) Trifluoroacetate, Paul A. Keller, N. R. Yepuri, M. J. Kelso, M. Mariani, B. W. Skelton, A. H. White
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
The oxidative coupling of polysubstituted electron-rich indoles mediated by thallium trifluoroacetate was found to be a facile, clean, and high yielding reaction. Indolic coupling sites were determined by the nature of the substituents present, with dimerisation at the indole 2-position being the dominant outcome. Indoles bearing two potential reaction sites with similar reactivity were additionally found to undergo heterocoupling.
Polyaniline Nanofiber-Based Gas Sensors, Zhe-Fei Li, Frank D. Blum, Massimo F. Bertino, Chang-Soo Kim
Polyaniline Nanofiber-Based Gas Sensors, Zhe-Fei Li, Frank D. Blum, Massimo F. Bertino, Chang-Soo Kim
Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works
There has been recent interest in conducting polymers that have very promising chemical and electrical applications. Some of these polymers have shown great potential for use in sensors.1 Polyaniline is one particular example of a prospective material. In our laboratory, we have studied the synthesis of polyaniline nanofibers. We have carried out one-pot syntheses to obtain polyaniline nanofibers in aqueous solutions where the polymerization was influenced by γ-radiation2 or UV-radiation.3 This polymer can also be patterned with an appropriate photo mask. In our present report, polyaniline nanofiber thin film sensors have been fabricated in one step by employing UV-irradiation and …
Naturally Present Fatty Acids As Internal Calibrants For Fourier Transform Mass Spectra Of Dissolved Organic Matter, Rachel L. Sleighter, Georgina A. Mckee, Zhanfei Liu, Patrick G. Hatcher
Naturally Present Fatty Acids As Internal Calibrants For Fourier Transform Mass Spectra Of Dissolved Organic Matter, Rachel L. Sleighter, Georgina A. Mckee, Zhanfei Liu, Patrick G. Hatcher
Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications
The analysis of dissolved organic matter ( DOM) by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry ( FTICR- MS) has gained wide interest recently, driven primarily by its ultrahigh resolving power and mass accuracy. Accurate calibration of mass spectra is a key step to successfully decipher the DOM components. We propose a simple and accurate method to internally calibrate the peaks in the complex spectra without the need to add a calibrant. Mass spectra of DOM samples from the Dismal Swamp, Virginia, and the lower Chesapeake Bay display the presence of naturally occurring fatty acids which can be readily recognized …
7Β-HydroxyArtemisinin, Paulo B. Carvalho, Bo Liu, Yunshan Wu, John S. Williamson, Mitchell A. Avery
7Β-HydroxyArtemisinin, Paulo B. Carvalho, Bo Liu, Yunshan Wu, John S. Williamson, Mitchell A. Avery
Office for Research Publications and Presentations
Crystals of the title compound [systematic name: (3R,6R,7S,8aR,9R,12aR)-7-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyloctahydro-3,12-epoxy[1,2]dioxepino[4,3-i]isochromen-10(3H)-one], C15H22O6, were obtained from microbial transformation of artemisinin by a culture of Cunninghamella elegans. The stereochemistry of the compound is consistent with the spectroscopic findings in previously published works. A weak O—H⋯O hydrogen bond occurs in the crystal structure, together with intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
Favourable Influence Of Hydrophobic Surfaces On Protein Structure In Porous Organically-Modified Silica Glasses, Daryl K. Eggers, B. Menaa, M. Herrero, V. Rives, M. Lavrenko
Favourable Influence Of Hydrophobic Surfaces On Protein Structure In Porous Organically-Modified Silica Glasses, Daryl K. Eggers, B. Menaa, M. Herrero, V. Rives, M. Lavrenko
Daryl K. Eggers
Organically-modified siloxanes were used as host materials to examine the influence of surface chemistry on protein conformation in a crowded environment. The sol–gel materials were prepared from tetramethoxysilane and a series of monosubstituted alkoxysilanes, RSi(OR′)3, featuring alkyl groups of increasing chain length in the R-position. Using circular dichroism spectroscopy in the far-UV region, apomyoglobin was found to transit from an unfolded state to a native-like helical state as the content of the hydrophobic precursor increased from 0 to 15%. At a fixed molar content of 5% RSi(OR′)3, the helical structure of apomyoglobin increased with the chain length of the R-group, …
Protein Adsorption Onto Organically-Modified Silica Glass Leads To A Different Structure Than Sol-Gel Encapsulation, Daryl K. Eggers, B, Menaa, C. Torres, M. Herrero, V. Rives, A. R.W Gilbert
Protein Adsorption Onto Organically-Modified Silica Glass Leads To A Different Structure Than Sol-Gel Encapsulation, Daryl K. Eggers, B, Menaa, C. Torres, M. Herrero, V. Rives, A. R.W Gilbert
Daryl K. Eggers
The secondary structures of two proteins were examined by circular dichroism spectroscopy after adsorption onto a series of organically modified silica glasses. The glasses were prepared by the sol-gel technique and were varied in hydrophobicity by incorporation of 5% methyl, propyl, trifluoropropyl, or n-hexyl silane. Both cytochrome c and apomyoglobin were found to lose secondary structure after adsorption onto the modified glasses. In the case of apomyoglobin, the α-helical content of the adsorbed protein ranged from 21% to 28%, well below the 62% helix found in solution. In contrast, these same glasses led to a striking increase in apomyoglobin structure …
Editorial, First Science And Policy Issue, Jscas
Editorial, First Science And Policy Issue, Jscas
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
With The Help Of South Carolina Research Universities, Scra Demonstrates Leadership In Applied Research And Commercialization Within Sc, Bill Mahoney
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Thermoelectric Applications For Imaging Infrared Focal Plane Arrays, Roy T. Littleton
Thermoelectric Applications For Imaging Infrared Focal Plane Arrays, Roy T. Littleton
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Solution Chemical Synthesis Of Nanostructured Thermoelectric Materials, Xiaohua Ji, Terry M. Tritt, Xinbing Zhao, Joe W. Kolis
Solution Chemical Synthesis Of Nanostructured Thermoelectric Materials, Xiaohua Ji, Terry M. Tritt, Xinbing Zhao, Joe W. Kolis
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Phonon Scattering Effects On Thermal Conductivity Of Tinisn-Based Half-Heusler Alloys, S. Bhattacharya, T. M. Tritt, M. J. Skove, M. Russell, S. J. Poon, V. Ponnambalam, Y. Xia, N. Thadhani
Phonon Scattering Effects On Thermal Conductivity Of Tinisn-Based Half-Heusler Alloys, S. Bhattacharya, T. M. Tritt, M. J. Skove, M. Russell, S. J. Poon, V. Ponnambalam, Y. Xia, N. Thadhani
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
An Embarrassment Of Riches: The Enzymology Of Rna Modification, Dirk Iwata-Reuyl
An Embarrassment Of Riches: The Enzymology Of Rna Modification, Dirk Iwata-Reuyl
Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations
The maturation of transfer RNA (tRNA) involves extensive chemical modification of the constituent nucleosides and results in the introduction of significant chemical diversity to tRNA. Many of the pathways to these modified nucleosides are characterized by chemically complex transformations, some of which are unprecedented in other areas of biology. To illustrate the scope of the field, recent progress in understanding the enzymology leading to the formation of two distinct classes of modified nucleosides, the thiouridines and queuosine, a 7-deazaguanosine, is reviewed. In particular, recent data validating the involvement of several proposed intermediates in the formation of thiouridines are discussed, including …
Electrical Detection Of The Temperature Induced Melting Transition Of A Dna Hairpin Covalently Attached To Gold Interdigitated Microelectrodes, Greg P. Brewood, Yaswanth Rangineni, Daniel J. Fish, Ashwini Bhandiwad, David R. Evans, Raj Solanki, Albert S. Benight
Electrical Detection Of The Temperature Induced Melting Transition Of A Dna Hairpin Covalently Attached To Gold Interdigitated Microelectrodes, Greg P. Brewood, Yaswanth Rangineni, Daniel J. Fish, Ashwini Bhandiwad, David R. Evans, Raj Solanki, Albert S. Benight
Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations
The temperature induced melting transition of a self-complementary DNA strand covalently attached at the 5' end to the surface of a gold interdigitated microelectrode (GIME) was monitored in a novel, label-free, manner. The structural state of the hairpin was assessed by measuring four different electronic properties of the GIME (capacitance, impedance, dissipation factor and phase angle) as a function of temperature from 25 degrees C to 80 degrees C. Consistent changes in all four electronic properties of the GIME were observed over this temperature range, and attributed to the transition of the attached single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) from an intramolecular, folded …
Chiral Recognition Of Amino Acids By Use Of A Fluorescent Resorcinarene, Gerald I. Richard, Hadi M. Marwani, Shan Jiang, Sayo O. Fakayode, Mark Lowry, Robert M. Strongin, Isiah M. Warner
Chiral Recognition Of Amino Acids By Use Of A Fluorescent Resorcinarene, Gerald I. Richard, Hadi M. Marwani, Shan Jiang, Sayo O. Fakayode, Mark Lowry, Robert M. Strongin, Isiah M. Warner
Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations
The spectroscopic properties of a chiral boronic acid based resorcinarene macrocycle employed for chiral analysis were investigated. Specifically, the emission and excitation characteristics of tetraarylboronate resorcinarene macrocycle (TBRM) and its quantum yield were evaluated. The chiral selector TBRM was investigated as a chiral reagent for the enantiomeric discrimination of amino acids using steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy. Chiral recognition of amino acids in the presence of the macrocycle was based on diastereomeric complexes. Results demonstrated that TBRM had better chiral discrimination ability for lysine as compared to the other amino acids. Partial least squares regression modeling (PLS-1) of spectral data for macrocycle-lysine …
Tetra-N-ButylAmmonium Bis(2,2-DicyanoEthylEne-1,1-DithiolAto)Palladium(Ii), Nyasha Kanganga, Kent R. Mann, Daron E. Janzen
Tetra-N-ButylAmmonium Bis(2,2-DicyanoEthylEne-1,1-DithiolAto)Palladium(Ii), Nyasha Kanganga, Kent R. Mann, Daron E. Janzen
Daron E Janzen, Ph.D.
No abstract provided.
Tetra-N-Butyl-Ammonium Bis-(1,1-Dicyano-Ethyl-Ene-2,2-Dithiol-Ato)Platinum(Ii), Nyasha Kanganga, Kent R. Mann, Daron E. Janzen
Tetra-N-Butyl-Ammonium Bis-(1,1-Dicyano-Ethyl-Ene-2,2-Dithiol-Ato)Platinum(Ii), Nyasha Kanganga, Kent R. Mann, Daron E. Janzen
Daron E Janzen, Ph.D.
No abstract provided.