Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Heat Source-Related Mechanisms And Genetic Modes For The Formation Of Hot Dry Rocks In The Reshuiwei Geothermal Field, Hunan Province, Du Jiang, Cai Ningbo, Zhang Baojian, Wang Keying, He Lihong, Liao Fengchu

Coal Geology & Exploration

Hot springs with temperatures exceeding 90℃ indicate that the Reshuiwei geothermal field in Hunan Province enjoys sound geothermal geological conditions, making this geothermal field a potential favorable area for hot dry rock (HDR) exploration. To carry out a reasonable evaluation of the geothermal reservoir and prospects for exploration and exploitation of HDRs in the Reshuiwei geothermal field in the Rucheng area, this study comprehensively analyzed the deep geological structures, geochemical characteristics, geophysical characteristics including gravity, magnetic, electrical, and seismic properties, and geothermal field characteristics of the geothermal field. Furthermore, it revealed the deep thermal structures of the geothermal field from …

Imaging The Tectonic Components Under The Eastern Mediterranean And Black Sea With Gravity (Satellite) Data, Ceyhan Ertan Toker, Emin U. Ulugergerli̇

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

Tectonic structures in the Black Sea and the Levantine Sea were mapped using satellite gravity data. The relationship between Antalya and Cyprus arcs is revealed by the deformation traces of the arc formation. The Cyprus arc which over the slice that disappears from the South of the Anaximander seamounts to the Northeast, can traceable at the western end of the Antalya Bay. The distinction of western and eastern basins in the Black Sea is also mapped. Due to the low spatial resolution, additional studies with higher resolution are required.

https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.975929

Gravity Field Changes During Deep Exploitation Of The Coal Longwall And Their Relation To Stress Distribution And Seismic Activity, Łukasz Kortas

Journal of Sustainable Mining

Mining operations cause volumetric deformations within the rock mass and changes in its density, to which the gravimetric method is sensitive. These changes are particularly well seen in periodic measurements of the local gravity field. The paper analyses the relationship between the movement of a longwall in a coal seam and the change in the distribution of the gravity field in time and space observed on the ground surface. Relative gravimetric measurements were carried out in six series between 2018 and 2020; before the start of coal extraction, with the progress of the longwall and after the cessation of mining. …

2d And 3d Structural Boundaries Of The Tectonic Composition Of The Anatolia And Surrounding Seas Using By The Gravity (Satellite Data): Eastern Mediterranean, Ceyhan Ertan Toker

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

Gravity data is processed and the problems of the earth are examined. The density of the data can be arranged to solve detail, semi-detail and regional problems. Here, the gravitational data obtained by processing the linearity of the 2D and 3D visuals in terms of plate size large wavelength structures are examined. 2D linearities determine important stress areas but they are affected at different rates with respect to the spatial distribution of source effect. Due to grid formation, these boundaries are affected at different rates from less dense and very dense structures. Different wavelengths in structure boundary analysis; derivative and …

2d Inverse Modeling Of The Gravity Field Due To A Chromite Deposit Using The Marquardt’S Algorithm And Forced Neural Network, Ata Eshaghzadeh, Sanaz Seyedi Sahebari, Alireza Dehghanpour

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

In this paper, two modeling method are employed. First, a method based on the Marquardt’s algorithm is presented to invert the gravity anomaly due to a finite vertical cylinder source. The inversion outputs are the depth to top and bottom, and radius parameters. Second, Forced Neural Networks (FNN) for interpreting the gravity field as try to fit the computed gravity in accordance with the estimated subsurface density distribution to the observed gravity. To evaluate the ability of the methods, those are employed for analyzing the gravity anomalies from assumed models with different initial parameters as the satisfactory results were achieved. …

Simulation Of A Salt Dome Using 2d Linear And Nonlinear Inverse Modeling Of Residual Gravity Field Data, Soheyl Pourreza, Farnush Hajizadeh

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

In gravity field inversion we usually dealing with underdetermined problems and for obtaining realistic solutions can introduce a depth-weighting function to the inversion algorithm. We employ a linear inversion method for determining the underground density distribution of the gravity causative mass. The validation and accuracy of method is tested on two synthetic gravity anomaly from different models, while the data are noise- free and corrupted with noise. In this paper, We also invert the 2D gravity anomaly produced by a salt dome from the northwest of Iran. The salt domes in the region under investigation are a rich source of …

A Brief Note On The Effects Of Floating Standard Deviation (Non- Derivative) And Horizontal Gradient (Derivative) Filters, Ceyhan Ertan Toker

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

When processing gravity data, the filters are used in space and frequency environments. The filters allow more selectable parameter estimations than raw data about the structure being examined. Filtering in a broad sense means monitoring the data under the constraints we want. While the filters allow some information to become more noticeable, they allow some information to be lost or become less noticeable from data. In this case, the losses in the data make the interpretation difficult and can cause errors. Derivative and phase filters provide quantitative information about the variation of data in different directions. The display of the …

Structure Of The Büyük Menderes Graben Systems From Gravity Anomalies, Emre Ti̇mur, İlknur Kaftan, Coşkun Sari, Müjgan Şalk

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Büyük Menderes Graben (BMG) of western Turkey is bounded by E-W oriented normal faults and has been a depositional center for thick sedimentary layers since the Miocene. Four Mio-Pliocene depressions (from west to east, the Çine, Bozdoğan, Karacasu, and Denizli basins) having overall N-S trends are situated just south of the BMG. In this study, we focused on the structural characteristics of the BMG using Bouguer gravity data covering the area between 37°N and 39°N and 26°30'E and 30°E and gravity data along 4 profiles to estimate the discontinuous basement relief of the BMG. Our main objectives were to …

The Naşa Intrusion (Western Anatolia) And Its Tectonic Implication: A Joint Analyses Of Gravity And Earthquake Catalog Data, Ertan Toker, Emi̇n U. Ulugergerli̇, Ali̇ R. Kiliç

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

The gravity data gathered in and around the Simav Graben in Western Anatolia were reprocessed and reinterpreted by using the standard deviation fi lter and the Euler deconvolution. The joint evaluation of results from the interpretation of gravity data and seismological studies indicates the presence of new intrusive structures in the vicinity of Simav. The intrusion is located in the eastern margin of the graben and has a thickness of 12-15 km at 2.5-3 km depth below the surface. Numerous earthquakes recorded in the eastern part of the graben are associated with this intrusion. Besides, the multidimensional modelling study of …

Relativistic Quantum Mechanical Spin-1 Wave Equation In 2 + 1 Dimensionalspacetime, Mustafa Dernek, Semra Gürtaş Doğan, Yusuf Sucu, Nuri̇ Ünal

Turkish Journal of Physics

In this study, we introduce a relativistic quantum mechanical wave equation of the spin-1 particle as an excited state of the zitterbewegung and show that it is consistent with the 2 + 1 dimensional Proca theory. At the same time, we see that in the rest frame, this equation has two eigenstates; particle and antiparticle states or negative and positive energy eigenstates, respectively, and satisfy SO(2,1) spin algebra. As practical applications, we derive the exact solutions of the equation in the presence of a constant magnetic field and a curved spacetime background. From these solutions, we find Noether charge by …

What Is The Reason For The High Bouguer Gravity Anomaly At Çumra, Konya(Central Anatolia)?, Nedi̇m Gökhan Aydin, Turgay İşseven

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Bouguer gravity anomaly map of Turkey shows relatively high values around the Çumra region, Konya. This area has a flat topography and a thick cover of sediments despite being seated on a suture zone formed between Anatolide and Tauride Platforms after the Neo-Tethys Ocean closed. High Bouguer gravity anomalies indicate an anomalous mass excess buried under the flat topography. In the present study, the gravity anomaly is studied using several analysis and processing methods in order to understand and infer its possible sources. Spectral analysis of the anomaly showed that the mass should be buried at a depth of …

The Reaction Of Physical Transformation Of The Gravity Data And Linearity Dilemma, Ertan Toker

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

This paper consists of opinions on the article entitled as “Investigation of the Seismic Velocity Distribution and Crustal Structure of Turkey by means of Gravity Data” which was published on the page 185 of the 153rd issue of the Bulletin of Mineral Research and Exploration. Within this context, it was aimed at defining some dilemmas encountered in the article, which was targeted in the exploration of the crustal structure in plate scale by means of data sets, and informing the reader. Here, the interactive relationships of Gravity and Seismic methods of which each one are discipline of expertise will be …

Geophysical Regional Gravity Maps Of Turkey And Its General Assessment, Selim Arslan

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

In this study, the maps generated from the regional gravity data, which had been measured within scope of “Türkiye Rejyonal Gravite Haritaları Projesi” (Regional Gravity Map of Turkey) project were introduced. The topography, Free Air, Bouguer gravity, isostatic residual, isostatic regional, density and crust thickness maps of Turkey in 1/1 500 000 scale were prepared using database which started in 1973 and ended in 2011. The boundaries of the main tectonic members were determined by crust thickness, isostatic residual and Bouguer gravity maps of Turkey. Within this scope, a database that will illuminate the investigation of crustal structure, the development …

Neutron Stars: Compact Objects With Relativistic Gravity, Kazim Yavuz Ekşi̇

Turkish Journal of Physics

General properties of neutron stars are briefly reviewed with an emphasis on the indispensability of general relativity in our understanding of these fascinating objects. In Newtonian gravity the pressure within a star merely plays the role of opposing self-gravity. In general relativity all sources of energy and momentum contribute to the gravity. As a result, the pressure not only opposes gravity but also enhances it. The latter role of pressure becomes more pronounced with increasing compactness, $M/R$, where $M$ and $R$ are the mass and radius of the star, and sets a critical mass beyond which collapse is inevitable. This …

Vertical And Horizantal Analysis Of Crustal Structure In Eastern Anatolia Region, Oya Pamukçu, Tolga Gönenç, Ayça Yurdakul Çirmik, Şevket Demi̇rbaş, Seyit Tosun

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

The tectonic regime of Eastern Anatolia is determined by Arabian-Eurasian continentcontinent convergence and the mechanism occurred with the convergence. North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ), Eastern Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ), North Eastern Anatolian Faults and Bitlis Zagros Suture Zone are formed by this convergence, represent the characteristic of lithospheric structure of the region. In the scope of this study, the gravity anomalies of Eastern Anatolia were used for investigating the lithospheric structure. Firstly, second order trend analyses were applied to gravity data for examining the characteristic of the anomaly. Later, the vertical and horizontal derivatives methods were applied to the same …

Geophysical Analysis And Modelling Of The S‹Mav Basin, Western Anatolia, Ceyhan Ertan Toker

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

The various data processing techniques, to illuminate the parameters of the geological structure which are applied in gravity and magnetic potential field methods. Also edge detection procedures are in data processing techniques. In this study, 2D, 3D, inversion and asta technique is one of the new edge detection procedures were applied to clarify correlation between the Simav half graben’s deep position and geometry of the tectonic lineaments. The Asta is obtained using the tilt angle.

The Use Of Tilt Angle In Gravity And Magnetic Methods, Uğur Akin, Betül Işikdeni̇z Şeri̇foğlu, Mehmet Duru

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

Tilt angle method, which has been recently used in investigating the boundaries of structures, reveals useful information on deep and shallow structures. Tilt angle is expressed as the arctan value of the ratio of the vertical derivative of the potential field to its horizontal derivative. The method was applied to Kýrþehir-Ý31 Sheet. As a result, the presence of volcanites buried under terrestrial sediments was demonstrated.

Investigation Of Crustal Structure Of Turkey By Means Of Gravity Data, Selim Arslan, Uğur Akin, Atakan Alaca

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

During this work, the regional gravity data acquired earlier were used and in order to investigate the relations between geology - tectonics and elevation, isostatic map of Turkey, free air anomaly map and Bouguer anomaly maps were obtained, and comparisons with respect to elevations were carried out. For the thickness of the earth crust T 0 32 - 0.08g relation was used. The best relation was obtained from Bouguer anomaly with +0.65 coefficient; the relation function was obtained as Y = - 72E + 7.77. Thickness of the crust of Turkey is estimated to be 31.4 km where it is …

Surface And Subsurface Characteristics Of The Çankırı Basin (Central Anatolia, Turkey): Integration Of Remote Sensing, Seismic Interpretation And Gravity, Nuretdi̇n Kaymakçi, Şenol Özmutlu, Paul M. Van Van Dijk, Yakup Özçeli̇k

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The geology of the Çankırı Basin has been studied using multi-source data including satellite images, aerial photos, gravimetric data and seismic sections, which are subsequently used to generate maps and a 3D model of that part of the basin covered by the seismic sections. From the compilation, three different phases of deformation are recognized. The earliest phase is characterized by thrusting during the Early Tertiary. The second deformation phase is characterized by extensional deformation associated with normal faulting in the latest Early Miocene to Middle Miocene. The third, and the last, phase is characterized by compressional deformation manifested by inversion …

Isostatic Compensation In Western Anatolia With Estimate Of The Effective Elastic Thickness, Oya Pamukçu, Ayça Yurdakul

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Isostasy is concerned with how the crust and mantle adjusts to shifting loads of limited spatial and temporal dimensions. By analysing the frequency content of gravity and topography data, it has been possible to determine the compensation scheme of a region. In this study, the compensation mechanism of the Western Anatolia, which has dynamic loads, was investigated by isostatic response functions. Effective elastic thickness in Western Anatolia region was estimated based on admittance and coherence between gravity and topography data. The two most reliable indicators of lithospheric strength are the focal depth distribution of earthquakes and relation of gravity anomalies …

An Isotropic Metric, Joseph D. Rudmin

Virginia Journal of Science

An isotropic metric for a black hole and a better vacuum condition \nabla^2 V_G =0 are presented which yield distinct terms for the energy densities of ordinary matter and gravitational fields in the Einstein tensor (G^44 =-g^2 (2\nabla^2 V_G +(\nabla V_G)^2)). This model resolves an inconsistency between electromagnetism and gravity in the calculation of field energy. Resolution of this inconsistency suggests a slight modification of the Einstein equation to gG^\mu\nu = 8\pi G T^\mu\nu.

Gravitational Motion: An Interaction?, Frank H. Meyer

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

"Non-implications" in Newton's Law of Gravitation are discussed to emphasize different approaches in two books treating the subject: Dewey Larson's Beyond Newton, and Gravitation, by Misner, Thorne and Wheeler. The author notes that the latter book ignores the possibility that gravitation may not be an interaction; while Larson accepts Newton's Law of Gravitation as a mathematically valid statement of Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion, thus being applicable to the sun and planets even if they are not actually interacting.