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Articles 91 - 114 of 114
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Urban Animal Damage Control In California, John R. Maestrelli
Urban Animal Damage Control In California, John R. Maestrelli
Proceedings of the Fourteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1990
Requests for assistance, monetary losses attributed to wildlife, and numbers of wild animals removed from urban areas in California increased significantly between 1982 and 1989. Five species of wildlife are responsible for the majority of complaints received from the public. Because of the inherent problems associated with animal damage control in densely populated urban areas, specialized control equipment and techniques such as cage traps, crossbows and night vision goggles are utilized by U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Animal Damage Control (USDA-APHISADC) personnel. Urban ADC programs help educate a large segment of the population about the need …
Microencapsulation Of Rodenticides, Rex E. Marsh
Microencapsulation Of Rodenticides, Rex E. Marsh
Proceedings of the Fourteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1990
Microencapsulation materials and techniques have advanced significantly over the past two decades. Encapsulation techniques are now used in a wide range of products from drugs to perfumes and food fragrances. As an industry, microencapsulation had its beginning in the research laboratories of National Cash Register (NCR) in Dayton, Ohio, in the late 1930s. It came into commercial use in 1954 when carbonless copy paper was introduced on the market. The entire field has made enormous progress since that time. Microencapsulation and other associated controlled- release technology play an important role in time-release pesticides, giving them a delayed or longer action …
Exclusionary Methods And Materials To Protect Plants From Pest Mammals--A Review, Rex E. Marsh, Ann E. Koehler, Terrell P. Salmon
Exclusionary Methods And Materials To Protect Plants From Pest Mammals--A Review, Rex E. Marsh, Ann E. Koehler, Terrell P. Salmon
Proceedings of the Fourteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1990
Protecting individual plants or small clumps of plants with some type of protective material or device represents a positive nonlethal approach to damage prevention that is often much less expensive than fencing an entire garden or crop or netting over the entire area to prevent damage by such species as deer (Odocoileus spp.), rabbits (Lepus spp., Sylvilagus spp.), and ground squirrels (Spermophilus spp.). This review article does not include fencing or the netting or screening of entire crops, which are subjects unto themselves. Tree trunk guards or protectors include commercial tree wraps and other materials affixed directly …
An Examination Of The Browsing Animal Problem In Australian Eucalypt And Pine Plantations, Thomas L. Montague, David C. Pollock, Wendy Wright
An Examination Of The Browsing Animal Problem In Australian Eucalypt And Pine Plantations, Thomas L. Montague, David C. Pollock, Wendy Wright
Proceedings of the Fourteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1990
The severity and extent of browsing damage to pine and eucalypt plantations and possible solutions are examined. Twenty-six percent of all trees surviving 9 months after planting were browsed yet only six percent had more than 50% of foliage damaged. The most common form of damage was for the foliage to be browsed or the tree bitten off with browsing damage implicated in the mortality of the 24% of trees that died. No difference in the extent of damage between Pinus radiata and eucalypts was detected. Slight differences between three Eucalypt species and two ages of seedlings were detected; however, …
Bird Problems In New Zealand–Methods Of Control, Peter C. Nelson
Bird Problems In New Zealand–Methods Of Control, Peter C. Nelson
Proceedings of the Fourteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1990
New Zealand horticulturists are experiencing increasing damage to a variety of crops from a number of introduced bird species. With the advent of the increasing problem there is a need for carefully planned control operations most of which, by necessity, will be carried out by the growers themselves. This means that a variety of baits and toxins is currently being evaluated for control purposes. Growers are being trained in the use of those toxins as well as how to get more effective use from a range of bird-scare devices. Control agencies continue to carry out control of certain bird species …
Vertebrate Pests Of Beekeeping, John M. O'Brien, Rex E. Marsh
Vertebrate Pests Of Beekeeping, John M. O'Brien, Rex E. Marsh
Proceedings of the Fourteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1990
Information concerning vertebrate pests of beekeeping was gathered from state and provincial apiary inspectors through a questionnaire. Forty-eight states and 9 provinces responded. Additional pest information has been assembled from published articles. Bears represent the major vertebrate pest based on severity of damage to colonies. Total estimated losses reported amounted to $623,000 annually. Loss estimates for the various pest species are probably grossly underestimated because many states with problems could not or did not provide loss estimates. Skunks and house mice represent the next most important species from a damage point of view, with annual damage averaging $423,050 and $100,450, …
Red-Winged Blackbird And Starling Feeding Responses On Corn Earworm-Infested Corn, Flavian H. Okurut-Akol, Richard A. Dolbeer, Paul P. Woronecki
Red-Winged Blackbird And Starling Feeding Responses On Corn Earworm-Infested Corn, Flavian H. Okurut-Akol, Richard A. Dolbeer, Paul P. Woronecki
Proceedings of the Fourteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1990
We examined the feeding behavior of red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) and European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) on ears of corn (Zea mavs) artificially infested with corn earworms (Helicoverpa zea). In 30-minute aviary tests, redwings and starlings directed 39 to 79% more feeding responses to ears of corn with worms than to ears without worms but they damaged the same proportion of ears with and without worms. In 3-hour aviary tests and a field evaluation, birds damaged more ears with worms than without worms. In spite of more feeding responses directed to ears with …
Responses Of Captive Coyotes To Chemical Attractants, Robert L. Phillips, F. Sherman Blom, Richard M. Engeman
Responses Of Captive Coyotes To Chemical Attractants, Robert L. Phillips, F. Sherman Blom, Richard M. Engeman
Proceedings of the Fourteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1990
Seasonal responses of captive coyotes (Canis latrans) to 9 chemical attractants (W-U lure, TMAD, SFE, FAS, CFA, artificial smoked fish flavor, artificial beef liver flavor, yeast autolysate and decanoic acid) were evaluated. Twenty-six additional attractants were tested only during the summer. W-U lure and FAS produced the greatest total response times from coyotes during all seasons of the year. FAS and smoked fish flavor evoked the most lick-chew-bite and pulling behaviors during the summer and have potential for improving the performance of M-44 devices in warm weather.
The Status Of Lines In Bird Damage Control–A Review, Patricia A. Pochop, Ron J. Johnson, Danilo A. Aguero, Kent M. Eskridge
The Status Of Lines In Bird Damage Control–A Review, Patricia A. Pochop, Ron J. Johnson, Danilo A. Aguero, Kent M. Eskridge
Proceedings of the Fourteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1990
One technique for repelling or excluding birds is to stretch wires, monofilament lines, or nylon strings across sites needing protection. Wires or lines spaced at various intervals and in various configurations have successfully repelled birds such as ring-billed (Larus delawarensis) and/or herring (L. argentatus) gulls, and brant (Branta bernicla bernicla) from reservoirs, sanitary landfills, fish hatcheries, nesting areas, public places, or farm fields. Black thread has been suggested for repelling small birds such as sparrows (unspecified) from garden seedlings and bullfinches (unspecified) from fruit trees. Recent observations in New Mexico indicated that monofilament lines …
Keynote Address--Thoughts On The Future Of Vertebrate Pest Management, Russell F. Reidinger Jr.
Keynote Address--Thoughts On The Future Of Vertebrate Pest Management, Russell F. Reidinger Jr.
Proceedings of the Fourteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1990
I greatly appreciated the invitation to attend this Conference, and to share some thoughts on the future of vertebrate pest management in the form of a Keynote Address. In making the presentation, I will dwell mostly on a single document. This document is entitled “Strategic Plan for Animal Damage Control,” and became available in December 1989, from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). The document is one of the products from a strategic planning process that began in APHIS about 2 years ago, and continues today. The process began at the highest level of …
An Evaluation Of Fencing To Exclude Pocket Gophers From Experimental Plots, Terrell P. Salmon, Robert H. Schmidt, Rex E. Marsh
An Evaluation Of Fencing To Exclude Pocket Gophers From Experimental Plots, Terrell P. Salmon, Robert H. Schmidt, Rex E. Marsh
Proceedings of the Fourteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1990
We evaluated the ability of underground fencing to exclude pocket gophers (Thomomys bottae) from experimental plots planted with alfalfa. Fencing extending 61 cm below and 91 cm aboveground, with a 15.2-cm lip bent 90 degrees inward at the bottom, did not prevent marked and unmarked gophers from escaping, invading, or moving among six adjacent plots. Complete underground screening, in combination with gopher control, may be the only technique which ensures the complete exclusion of gophers from experimental and ornamental plots.
Rodenticide Ecotoxicology: Systems Analysis And Simulation, R.H. Smith, Paula R. Cox, M. Rampaud
Rodenticide Ecotoxicology: Systems Analysis And Simulation, R.H. Smith, Paula R. Cox, M. Rampaud
Proceedings of the Fourteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1990
Exposure, as well as toxicity, determines whether rodenticides present real environmental hazards to nontarget animals. In order to combine exposure and toxicity, a compartment model is proposed which distinguishes transfer processes from accumulation of residues. The published literature relevant to the model is analyzed, and some important gaps in knowledge are highlighted. Simple sub-models of rat feeding behavior and mortality are combined into a simulation model which generates data on both efficacy of control and build-up of residues in live rats and carcasses. The roles of feeding parameters (e.g., palatability, availability of alternative food) as well as toxicity are emphasized …
Animal Welfare And The Control Of Vertebrates, Harry V. Thompson
Animal Welfare And The Control Of Vertebrates, Harry V. Thompson
Proceedings of the Fourteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1990
The relationships between man and other animals have attracted increased attention and some controversy in recent years. Their importance in biomedical research, farming, and wildlife control are discussed in the United Kingdom context.
Rodent Damage To Hawaiian Sugarcane, Mark E. Tobin, Robert T. Sugihara, Asher K. Ota
Rodent Damage To Hawaiian Sugarcane, Mark E. Tobin, Robert T. Sugihara, Asher K. Ota
Proceedings of the Fourteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1990
Rattus norvegicus, R. exulans, and R. rattus cause extensive damage to Hawaiian sugarcane. This paper gives an overview of the problem and briefly summarizes the history of rodent control on Hawaiian sugarcane plantations. Current baiting practices with zinc phosphide may favor the proliferation of R. norvegicus, and more effective control methods are needed for this species. A cooperative research and development program by the Denver Wildlife Research Center and the nonprofit Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association is described.
A Comparison Of Several Pocket Gopher Baits In The Field, Paul Vossen, Pierre Gadd
A Comparison Of Several Pocket Gopher Baits In The Field, Paul Vossen, Pierre Gadd
Proceedings of the Fourteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1990
Two field trials were conducted to determine the effectiveness of anticoagulant baits in pocket gopher (Thomomys bottae) control. In the first trial, burrow systems were baited once with chlorophacinone 0.005% on rolled oats and embedded in paraffin to form a wax block. The systems were arranged in a one system-wide line bordering a clean vineyard. Infestation of the vineyard was prevented for 2 months; after that, gophers did bypass the barrier of treated systems and entered the vineyard. In the second trial two anticoagulant baits, chlorophacinone 0.005% on rolled oats and embedded in paraffin, and diphacinone 0.0052% on …
Naphthalenes Associated With Treated Wastewater Effluents In An Urban National Wildlife Refuge, John T. Tanacredi Ph.D.
Naphthalenes Associated With Treated Wastewater Effluents In An Urban National Wildlife Refuge, John T. Tanacredi Ph.D.
Faculty Works: CERCOM
Our coastal enviornments have become the invariable recipient of petroleum and petroleum wastes. Demands for petroleum products coupled with a lack of economic incentive to recycle waste oil, will increase the probability of greater concentrations of petroleum derived hyrdrocarbons entering our estuaries (CEQ Report, 1983).
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1989 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Eugene M. Burreson
Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1989 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Eugene M. Burreson
Reports
No abstract provided.
Impacts Of Land Use Laws And Policies Massachusetts State Superfund Program, Umass Amherst Center Economic Development
Impacts Of Land Use Laws And Policies Massachusetts State Superfund Program, Umass Amherst Center Economic Development
Center for Economic Development Technical Reports
The reason for this report was to examine the Massachusetts state Superfund law, and the statutory remedies that Massachusetts relies on to recover the cost associated with the cleanup of oil and hazardous materials released into the environment.
A Resource Inventory And Impact Analysis Of Great Bog And The Horse Point Delta/Esker System, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Biologists Organized For Ecosystem Assessment, Colby College
A Resource Inventory And Impact Analysis Of Great Bog And The Horse Point Delta/Esker System, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Biologists Organized For Ecosystem Assessment, Colby College
Colby College Watershed Study: Other Area Studies
In May of 1990, Tilcon-Maine, Inc. submitted an application to mine gravel on the east side of Horse Point Road on Horse Point in the Town of Belgrade. The project site covers 46 acres and the proposed excavation covers 16 acres. An estimated 740,000 cubic yards of material will be removed over a period of six or seven years (Pfister, pers. comm.). According to Tilcon (Timson et al., 1990) the maximum depth of the pit will be 78 feet and the bottom of the pit will be a minimum of 6 feet above the water table. At the present time …
The 1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreement: A Model Of Intergovernmental And Multi-State Cooperation In Estuary/Coastal Resource Management, John F. Faltus
The 1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreement: A Model Of Intergovernmental And Multi-State Cooperation In Estuary/Coastal Resource Management, John F. Faltus
Theses and Major Papers
The 1980s witnessed an increased awareness of the problems of estuary and coastal water pollution. The medical waste problems of 1988 heightened public awareness of this problem and showed that coastal pollution is not just isolated but rather is a regional problem which requires regional solutions. During the 1980x the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the States of Maryland, Virginia, Pennsylvania, and the District of Columbia worked together to forge two agreements, one in 1983, and more significantly a broader agreement in 1987, in which they agreed to work together to develop specific goals and objectives to address and solve …
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion: (Otec) Outlook For The Future, John M. Kroft
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion: (Otec) Outlook For The Future, John M. Kroft
Theses and Major Papers
The temperature differential between the tropical ocean surface and deep waters represents tremendous energy potential. Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) systems represent an environmentally sound method to extract that energy resource. Included in this paper is a review of the history of OTEC, basic thermodynamic principles involved and major components of the system. The three basic types of OTEC systems are discussed, citing the various advantages and disadvantages of each. The resource extent and possible environmental impacts are examined from the U. S. perspective. After reviewing the conflicting ocean use interest involved, comparative cost calculations of energy types, and the …
Hawaii's Rainforest Crunch: Land, People, And Geothermal Development, Paul Faulstich
Hawaii's Rainforest Crunch: Land, People, And Geothermal Development, Paul Faulstich
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
One hundred and forty-one people, led by Native Hawaiians, were arrested on 25 March 1990 as part of the largest demonstration yet against geothermal development in Hawaii. The gathering was intended to focus attention on Native Hawaiian rights and the ecological consequences of drilling geothermal wells in the near-pristine Wao Kele O Puna rain forest. The energy project, undertaken by True Geothermal Company and endorsed by Hawaii's governor and other imposing figures, has already invaded the largest intact tropical lowland rain forest in the United States.
The New Materialism: Managing Minnesota's Materials As If Matter Mattered, David Morris
The New Materialism: Managing Minnesota's Materials As If Matter Mattered, David Morris
Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
La Conservation Des Forêts Au Népal: Encourager La Participation Des Femmes, Augusta Molnar
La Conservation Des Forêts Au Népal: Encourager La Participation Des Femmes, Augusta Molnar
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Ce numéro de SEEDS porte sur les moyens mis en oeuvre pour faire participer les femmes à un programme gouvernemental visant à preserver et à restituer la forêt au Népal. Comme il arrive fréquemment lors de la mise en place de projets aussi vastes ayant une portée generale, les femmes n'étaient pas un centre d'intérêt spécifique au moment de la conception du projet. Cependant, lorsque les activités ont demarré, les responsables népalais du projet et leurs collègues de l'étranger se sont tres vite rendus compte que le succès du programme dépendait de la participation directe des femmes aux activités du …