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Articles 5671 - 5700 of 7137

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

A Methodology For Public-Planner Interaction In Multiobjective Project Planning And Evaluation, Mac Mckee, T. Ward Morgan, Rangesan Narayanan, A. Bruce Bishop Jan 1981

A Methodology For Public-Planner Interaction In Multiobjective Project Planning And Evaluation, Mac Mckee, T. Ward Morgan, Rangesan Narayanan, A. Bruce Bishop

Reports

A review of current multiple objective planning techniques is presented. A critique of certain classes of these techniques is offered, especially in terms of the degree to which they facilitate certain information needs of the planning process. Various tools in operations research are used to constructed a new multiple objective planning methodology, called the "Vector Optimization Decision Convergence Algorithm" (VODCA). An application of the methodology pertaining to water resources development in Utah is documented.

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Erosion Inhibitor Performance Evaluation Under Simulated Wind And Rain, C. Earl Israelsen, Eugene K. Israelsen, William N. Mcneill Jan 1981

Erosion Inhibitor Performance Evaluation Under Simulated Wind And Rain, C. Earl Israelsen, Eugene K. Israelsen, William N. Mcneill

Reports

Introduction: Increasing public awareness of the desireability of protecting the environment from soil erosion caused by wind and water has centered attention on large construction projects such as highways and housing subdivisions, as well as on individual building sites and parking lots. If unattended, sediment produced from these areas pollutes surface water, restricts drainage, fills reservoirs, damages adjacent land, and upsets the natural ecology of lakes and streams. The search continues for products and practices that will prevent of lessen the amount of sediment leaving construction sites. Products currently in use include chemical as well as organic materials, and they …

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Big Desert Grazing, Final Environmental Impact Statement, United States Department Of Interior, Bureau Of Land Management, Idaho Jan 1981

Big Desert Grazing, Final Environmental Impact Statement, United States Department Of Interior, Bureau Of Land Management, Idaho

Range Management Plans (ID)

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) proposes to implement a grazing management program on 1,162,000 acres of public land in Bingham, Blaine, Bonneville, Butte and Power counties in eastern Idaho. This statement analyzes the economic, social and environmental effects of the proposed action and four alternatives. The proposal and alternatives analyze different levels of vegetative allocations to wildlife, livestock and other uses. It analyzes alternative methods by which livestock grazing would be managed as well as necessary support facilities (such as, water developments, fencing, brush control and revegetation projects). Alternative Four of the Big Desert grazing statement is selected as …

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Geochemical Results From A Rock Geochemical Survey In The Mount Belknap Caldera Vicinity, Utah, Robert E. Tucker, William R. Miller, J. N. Motooka, U.S. Geological Survey Jan 1981

Geochemical Results From A Rock Geochemical Survey In The Mount Belknap Caldera Vicinity, Utah, Robert E. Tucker, William R. Miller, J. N. Motooka, U.S. Geological Survey

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Rock, stream-sediment, and hydrogeochemical surveys were conducted in the Mount Belknap caldera area, south-central Utah, during the summer of 1979. The presence of leucocratic rocks and relatively high concentrations of the elements Nb, Be, Ga, Y, Pb, Sn, Mo, and F with corresponding low concentrations of the elements Ba, Mg, Ca, Fe, Sr, and Cu suggests that late phase highly differentiated felsic magmas were intruded and (or) erupted in the caldera vicinity. The presence of Mo and Sn in the rocks and F in the water samples suggest that the ore elements were concentrated, first in residual fluids in the …

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Off-Road Vehicular Destabilization Of Hillslopes: The Major Contributing Factor To Destructive Debris Flows In Ogden, Utah, 1979, John K. Nakata Jan 1981

Off-Road Vehicular Destabilization Of Hillslopes: The Major Contributing Factor To Destructive Debris Flows In Ogden, Utah, 1979, John K. Nakata

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

A severe rain storm on August 11 and 18, 1979, caused major flood damage in urban areas of east Ogden, Utah. At least 3.85 cm of rain fell in a 7 hour-period. The severity of damage was dramatically increased by water diverted from the Brigham-Ogden Canal, when it was clogged by a debris flow in the vicinity or Third, Taylor, and Polk Streets (Fig. 1). The purpose or this investigation is to ascertain the sequence of events that followed the storm, and to quantify the processes insofar as possible. An inspection of the area on September 21-25, 1979 , and …

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Geophysical Measurements In The Beaver Basin, West-Central Utah; Part 1--Slingram, Magnetic, And Self-Potential Profiles, Vincent J. Flanigan, David L. Campbell, U.S. Geological Survey Jan 1981

Geophysical Measurements In The Beaver Basin, West-Central Utah; Part 1--Slingram, Magnetic, And Self-Potential Profiles, Vincent J. Flanigan, David L. Campbell, U.S. Geological Survey

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This report consists of figures showing profile locations (fig. 1, table 1) in the Beaver Basin, west-central Utah, and ground geophysical data collected in September 1980 along these traverses (figs. 2-11). These data consist of slingram electromagnetic (real and imaginary components at 222, 444, 888, 1777, and 3555 Hz), ground magnetic and self-potential measurements collected at 200-foot (61-m) intervals along about 8.8 miles (14.2 km) of survey line. Table 2 lists equipment used. The report contains data only, and no interpretations of the data are included.

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Preliminary Hydrologic Evaluation Of The North Horn Mountain Coal-Resource Area, Utah, M. J. Graham, John E. Tooley, Don Price, U.S. Geological Survey Jan 1981

Preliminary Hydrologic Evaluation Of The North Horn Mountain Coal-Resource Area, Utah, M. J. Graham, John E. Tooley, Don Price, U.S. Geological Survey

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

North Horn Mountain is part of a deeply dissected plateau in central Utah which is characterized by deep, arrow, steep-walled canyons with local relief of more that 1,000 feet. Geologic units exposed in the North Hort Mountain area range in age from Late Cretaceous to Holocene and contain two mineable seams of Cretaceous coal. The area is in the drainage basin of the San Rafael River, in the Colorado River Basin. Runoff from the mountain is ephemeral. This runoff to the San Rafael River sis by way of Cottonwood and Ferron Creeks and represents less than 10 percent of their …

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Field-Trip Guide To The Quaternary Stratigraphy And Faulting In The Area North Of The Mouth Of Big Cottonwood Canyon, Salt Lake County, Utah, United States Geological Survey Jan 1981

Field-Trip Guide To The Quaternary Stratigraphy And Faulting In The Area North Of The Mouth Of Big Cottonwood Canyon, Salt Lake County, Utah, United States Geological Survey

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This field-trip guide describes the Quaternary stratigraphy and faulting in a small area (about 1 km2 ) undergoing intensive gravel-mining operations north of the mouth of Big Cottonwood Canyon, about 15 km south of Salt Lake City. The area lies in the Sugar House and very northern part of the Draper, Utah, 7 1/2 min. quadrangles.

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Flood Insurance Study, City Of Harrisville, Utah, Weber County, Federal Emergency Management Agency Jan 1981

Flood Insurance Study, City Of Harrisville, Utah, Weber County, Federal Emergency Management Agency

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This Flood Insurance Study investigates the existence and severity of flood hazards in the City of Harrisville, Weber County, Utah, and aids in the administration of the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 and the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973. This study will be used to convert Harrisville to the regular program of flood insurance by the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Local and regional planners will use this study in their efforts to promote sound flood plain management.

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Geologic Map And Coal Sections Of The Cap Quadrangle, Emery County, Utah, United States Geological Survey Jan 1981

Geologic Map And Coal Sections Of The Cap Quadrangle, Emery County, Utah, United States Geological Survey

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The Cap quadrangle, in Emery County in central Utah, was mapped in 1977-79 as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's program to evaluate lands in the public domain for potential coal leasing.

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Water-Resources Studies In Utah July 1, 1980 To June 30, 1981, United States Geological Survey Jan 1981

Water-Resources Studies In Utah July 1, 1980 To June 30, 1981, United States Geological Survey

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This report summarizes the progress on water-resources studies in Utah by the U.S. Geological Survey during the period July 1, 1980, to June 30, 1981. Much of the work was done in cooperation with the State of Utah or local agencies. Additional supporting funds were transferred from other Federal agencies or appropriated directly to the Geological Survey.

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Summary Utah/Western Colo, 1992 System Study, United States Department Of Energy Western Area Power Administration Jan 1981

Summary Utah/Western Colo, 1992 System Study, United States Department Of Energy Western Area Power Administration

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The Utah/western Colorado area of the Rocky Mountain Region has adequate coal and water resources to support additional thermal generation plants beyond those already in service. Also within the region are several sites suitable for large-sized hydroelectric pumped-storage projects for purposes of supplying peaking power. The close proximity of these types of electric generating facilities is desirable in providing offpeak energy during the pumping cycle for the pumped-storage units. Considering that the potential capacity of each type of generation is in the 500 to 1,000 (two units) MW range per site and would require major extra-high-voltage (EHV) transmission developments, it …

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Model Choice: An Operational Comparison Of Stochastic Streamflow Models For Droughts, W. Robert James, David S. Bowles, Nath T. Kottegoda Jan 1981

Model Choice: An Operational Comparison Of Stochastic Streamflow Models For Droughts, W. Robert James, David S. Bowles, Nath T. Kottegoda

Reports

The rapid development of stochastic or operational hydrology over the past 10 years has led to the need for some comparative analyses of the currently available long-term persistence models. Five annual stochastic streamflow generation models (autoregressive, autoregressive-moving-average (ARMA), ARMA-Markov, fast fractional Gaussian noise, and broken line) are compared on their ability to preserve drought-related time series properties and annual statistics. Using Monte Carlo generation procedures and comparing the average generated statistics and drought or water supply properties, a basis is established to evalute model performance on four different Utah study streams. A seasonal disaggregation model is applied to each of …

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Design Considerations In The Use Of Glauber Salt For Energy Storage, Duane G. Chadwick, Kim H. Sherwood Jan 1981

Design Considerations In The Use Of Glauber Salt For Energy Storage, Duane G. Chadwick, Kim H. Sherwood

Reports

Various design concepts for the utilization of the latent heat of Glauber salt at temperatues between 25 degrees C and 50 degrees C were studied. Consideration was given to system economics and what particular heat storage system if perfected would be most cost effective. The problems of limited crystal size and heat transfer into and out of salt crystals is discussed. Crystal size is affected by the degree of agitation the salt solution experiences during the salt cooling process. Consequently, crystal size was moderated in a favorable way by introducing air bubbles at the bottom of the salt container. As …

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A Laboratory Evaluation Of Leachate From The Jim Bridger Power Plant Scrubber Wastes, V. Dean Adams, Mary E. Pitts, Megan J. Dyer Jan 1981

A Laboratory Evaluation Of Leachate From The Jim Bridger Power Plant Scrubber Wastes, V. Dean Adams, Mary E. Pitts, Megan J. Dyer

Reports

Introduction: Scrubber wastes obtained in an affort to limit air pollution generated by coal-fired pwoer plants may contribute to another possible sources of pollution. To date, scrubber wastse have been in a liquid phase which causes disposal problems partially due to the liquid characteristics. The use of solid scrubber wastes and the land deposition of such wastes is proposed. The feasibility of solid scrubber wastes disposal in landfills is under question. The primary area of concern is the effect that water percolation through such wastes would have on groundwater quality parameters. Contamination could result either as precipitation travels downward through …

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Evaluation Of Particular Mulches For Fostering Plant Growth And Inhibiting Erosion (Phase 2), C. Earl Israelsen, Eugene K. Israelsen, William N. Mcneill Jan 1981

Evaluation Of Particular Mulches For Fostering Plant Growth And Inhibiting Erosion (Phase 2), C. Earl Israelsen, Eugene K. Israelsen, William N. Mcneill

Reports

Introduction: Increasing public awareness of the desireability of protecting the environment from soil erosion caused by wnid and water has centered attention on large construction projects such as highways and housing subdivisions, as well as on individual building sites and parking lots. If unattended, sediment produced from these areas pollutes surface water, restricts drainage, fills reservoirs, damages adjacent land, and upsets the natural ecology of lakes and streams. The search continues for products and practices that will prevent or lessen the amount of sediment leaving construction sites. Products currently in use include chamical as well as organic materials, and they …

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Economic Impacts Of Irrigation Technologies In The Sevier River Basin, Theodore R. Frickel, Rangesan Narayanan Jan 1981

Economic Impacts Of Irrigation Technologies In The Sevier River Basin, Theodore R. Frickel, Rangesan Narayanan

Reports

The economic well-being of the semiarid intermountain area requires efficent use of available water supplies. Agriculture, the major water-consuming industry, depends on irrigation water. The adoption of sprinkler systems that increase on-farm irrigation "efficiencies" and the area which can be irrigated from upstream diversions may interfere with the "tenure" of downstream water rights. These downstream effects need to be evaluated before allowing farmers to use the water "saved" to irrigate additional acreages or crops to obtain greater profits. The problem in letting farms expand their irrigated acreage is that the individual farmer increases his profits through increased consumptive use. The …

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A Survey And Evaluation Of Shallow Groundwater Contamination Hazards In The State Of Utah, Edward P. Fisk, Calvin G. Clyde Jan 1981

A Survey And Evaluation Of Shallow Groundwater Contamination Hazards In The State Of Utah, Edward P. Fisk, Calvin G. Clyde

Reports

A survey was made to appraise current man-made contamination of shallow groundwater in Utah. Very little has been published on the subject, and most of the information was obtained by personal observation and through interviews of individuals concerned with water quality protection in Utah. After presenting the relevant physiographic, geologic, and hydrologic characteristics of the various regions of Utah and discussing how these relate to groundwater contamination in general, representative groundwater quality hazards in 32 sites or regions in Utah are presented. A very wide range of hazards to groundwater quality was found to exist. These cases cover the range …

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The Potential For Groundwater Contamination Along Basin Margins In The Arid West: Alluvial Fans And Lake Features, Calvin G. Clyde, Robert Q. Oaks, Peter T. Kolesar, Edward P. Fisk Jan 1981

The Potential For Groundwater Contamination Along Basin Margins In The Arid West: Alluvial Fans And Lake Features, Calvin G. Clyde, Robert Q. Oaks, Peter T. Kolesar, Edward P. Fisk

Reports

Many towns of the arid west were built upon alluvial fans and upon sites underlain by Pleistocene lake deposits. The objective of this study was to assess the potential impact of these activities of man upon groundwater quality within these geological features. Emphasis was placed on shallow groundwater quality after it was determined that deep groundwater is rarely contaminated at such sites. A reconnaissance of Utah and Nevada was made and four sites underlain by alluvial fans (Willard, Manti, Elsinore, and Spring City) and four sites underlain by lake shore deposits (Hyde Park, Fielding, Providence and Richmond) were selected in …

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Fielding Ditch Pipeline Computer Simulation Study, Calvin G. Clyde, J. Paul Tullis, Roland W. Jeppson Jan 1981

Fielding Ditch Pipeline Computer Simulation Study, Calvin G. Clyde, J. Paul Tullis, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

The Fielding Ditch Company Pipeline is almost 3 miles long and supplies irrigation water under low pressure to adjacent fields through 33 turnouts along its length. The 24-inch non-reinforced concrete pipeline began to experience repeated structural failures soon after it was placed in operation. This study was done for the Soil Conservation Service by the Utah Water Research Laboratory to gather field data on the pipeline operating characteristics, to analyze the hydraulic transients in the pipeline with the help of a computer simulation model, and to suggest modification to protect the pipeline from future failures caused by transient pressures. Following …

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An Intense Wave/Particle Event In The Auroral Ionosphere, A. D. Johnstone, Jan Josef Sojka, W. Gibbons, B. K. Madahar, L.J. C. Woolliscroft Jan 1981

An Intense Wave/Particle Event In The Auroral Ionosphere, A. D. Johnstone, Jan Josef Sojka, W. Gibbons, B. K. Madahar, L.J. C. Woolliscroft

All Physics Faculty Publications

An intense burst of VLF waves, at frequencies just above the local proton gyrofrequency, was observed shortly after each of two intense bursts of field‐aligned suprathermal electrons (E < 250eV) by instruments carried on a sounding rocket flown in diffuse aurora. If the two phenomena are associated with each other, the implication is that the electron acceleration occurred nearby, in a relatively small volume.

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Energization Of Ionospheric Ions By Electrostatic Hydrogen Cyclotron Waves, Nagendra Singh, Robert W. Schunk, Jan Josef Sojka Jan 1981

Energization Of Ionospheric Ions By Electrostatic Hydrogen Cyclotron Waves, Nagendra Singh, Robert W. Schunk, Jan Josef Sojka

All Physics Faculty Publications

Interactions between ionospheric ions and a monochromatic electrostatic hydrogen cyclotron wave were studied numerically for conditions corresponding to the auroral plasma. Strong heating of the minority ions He+, He++, and O+ were observed. The fraction of the initial ion population which underwent heating was found to strongly depend on the mass, charge, and initial temperature of the ion species.

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A Theoretical Study Of The High-Latitude Winter F Region At Solar Minimum For Low Magnetic Activity, Jan Josef Sojka, W. J. Raitt, Robert W. Schunk Jan 1981

A Theoretical Study Of The High-Latitude Winter F Region At Solar Minimum For Low Magnetic Activity, Jan Josef Sojka, W. J. Raitt, Robert W. Schunk

All Physics Faculty Publications

We combined a simple plasma convection model with an ionospheric-atmospheric composition model in order to study the high-latitude winter F region at solar minimum for low magnetic activity. Our numerical study produced time dependent, three-dimensional ion density distributions for the ions NO+, O2 +, N2 +, O+, N+, and He+. We covered the high-latitude ionosphere above 54°N magnetic latitude and at altitudes between 160 and 800 km for a time period of one complete day. The main result we obtained was that high-latitude ionospheric features, such as the ‘main trough,’ the ‘ionization hole,’ the ‘tongue of ionization,’ the ‘aurorally produced …

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Theoretical Predictions For Ion Composition In The High-Latitude Winter F-Region For Solar Minimum And Low Magnetic Activity, Jan Josef Sojka, W. John Raitt, Robert W. Schunk Jan 1981

Theoretical Predictions For Ion Composition In The High-Latitude Winter F-Region For Solar Minimum And Low Magnetic Activity, Jan Josef Sojka, W. John Raitt, Robert W. Schunk

All Physics Faculty Publications

We combined a simple plasma convection model with an ionospheric-atmospheric density model in order to study the ion composition in the high-latitude winter F-region at solar minimum for low geomagnetic activity. Our numerical study produced time-dependent, 3-dimensional, ion density distributions for the ions NO+, O2 +, N2 +, O+, N+, and He+. We covered the high-latitude ionosphere above 54°N magnetic latitude and at altitudes between 160 and 800 km for a time period of 1 complete day. From our study we found the following (1) The ion composition exhibits a significant variation with latitude, local time, altitude, and universal time. …

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Plasma Density Features Associated With Strong Convection In The Winter High-Latitude F Region, Jan Josef Sojka, W. John Raitt, Robert W. Schunk Jan 1981

Plasma Density Features Associated With Strong Convection In The Winter High-Latitude F Region, Jan Josef Sojka, W. John Raitt, Robert W. Schunk

All Physics Faculty Publications

We combined a simple plasma convection model with an ionospheric-atmospheric composition model in order to study the plasma density features associated with strong convection in the winter high-latitude F region. Our numerical study produced time-dependent, three-dimensional, ion density distributions for the ions NO+, O2 +, N2 +, O+, N+, and He+. We covered the high-latitude ionosphere above 42° N magnetic latitude and at altitudes between 160 and 800 km for a time period of one complete day. From our study, we found the following: (1) For strong convection, the electron density exhibits a significant variation with altitude, latitude, longitude, and …

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Auroral Plasma Lines: A First Comparison Of Theory And Experiment, E. S. Oran, Vincent B. Wickwar, W. Kofman, A. Newman Jan 1981

Auroral Plasma Lines: A First Comparison Of Theory And Experiment, E. S. Oran, Vincent B. Wickwar, W. Kofman, A. Newman

All Physics Faculty Publications

In this preliminary report on low-energy (0.3 to 3 eV) secondary electrons in the auroral E layer (90 to 150 km), we compare intensities of plasma lines observed with the Chatanika radar to theoretical predictions obtained from a detailed numerical model. The model calculations are initiated with a flux of energetic auroral primary electrons which enter the atmosphere and lose energy to electrons, ions, and neutrals through a combination of elastic and inelastic collisions. This flux is chosen in order that the total calculated ionization rate matches one that is deduced from the radar measurements. From these same calculations the …

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Elevated Electron Temperatures In The Auroral E Layer Measured With The Chatanika Radar, Vincent B. Wickwar, C. Lathuillere, W. Kofman, G. Lejeune Jan 1981

Elevated Electron Temperatures In The Auroral E Layer Measured With The Chatanika Radar, Vincent B. Wickwar, C. Lathuillere, W. Kofman, G. Lejeune

All Physics Faculty Publications

An extensive series of spectral measurements has been made in the auroral E region with the Chatanika incoherent scatter radar. Becasue of the small scale length for variations of electron density, temperatures, and ion-neutral collisions we used the operating mode with the best possible range resolution—9 km. About 5% of the time the data exhibited an unusual spectral shape that was most pronounced at 105 and 110 km. Instead of being almost Gaussian with only a small hint of two peaks, the spectra are much wider, with two well-developed peaks. After carefully considering the validity of the measurements and their …

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Reduction Of N-Protected Amino Acids To Amino Alcohols And Subsequent Re-Oxidation To Original N-Protected Amino Acids, Val S. Goodfellow Jan 1981

Reduction Of N-Protected Amino Acids To Amino Alcohols And Subsequent Re-Oxidation To Original N-Protected Amino Acids, Val S. Goodfellow

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

For the synthesis of certain molecules of interest in Dr. Richard Olsen's laboratory it was necessary to produce N-protected a-amino alcohols from N-protected amino acids and subsequently, after further synthesis steps, to oxidize the hydroxyl functionalities of these molecules back to carboxylic acids. A number of methods are known for the reduction of carboxylic acids to alcohols; several methods are also reported in the chemical literature for the oxidation of alcohols to carboxylic acids. The problem in finding a suitable general method, is that the amino acid side chains affect the re activity and chemistry differently in each specific case. …

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The Dependence On Zenith Angle Of The Strength Of 3-Meter Equatorial Electrojet Irregularities, H. M. Ierkic, Bela G. Fejer, D. T. Farley Dec 1980

The Dependence On Zenith Angle Of The Strength Of 3-Meter Equatorial Electrojet Irregularities, H. M. Ierkic, Bela G. Fejer, D. T. Farley

Bela G. Fejer

Radar measurements in Peru were used to deduce the zenith angle dependence of the scattering cross section of plasma irregularities generated by instabilities in the equatorial electrojet. The irregularities probed by the 50 MHz Jicamarca radar had a wavelength of 3m. The cross section for the type 2 irregularities was isotropic in the plane perpendicular to the magnetic field, while the cross section for the stronger type 1 irregularities varied with zenith angle at a rate of approximately 0.3 dB/degree; the horizontally traveling waves were more than 100 times stronger than those traveling vertically.

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Iron And Life, Thomas Emery Nov 1980

Iron And Life, Thomas Emery

Faculty Honor Lectures

Iron, iron, everywhere but. . . . The plight of the ancient mariner surrounded by undrinkable water could hardly have been more frustrating than life on earth with respect to iron. Iron is the fourth most abundant element of the earth's surface, exceeded only by oxygen, silicon, and aluminum. Virtually all forms of life from the simplest bacteria to humans require iron to catalyze numerous and complex metabolic reactions. Because of the diversity and complexity of the role of iron in the life process, it has even been suggested that the origin of life on earth centered around the catalytic …

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