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Syracuse University

2011

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Articles 31 - 60 of 144

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Amplitude Analyses Of The Decays Chi_C1 -> Eta Pi+ Pi- And Chi_C1 -> Eta' Pi+ Pi-, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, T. Skwarnicki Sep 2011

Amplitude Analyses Of The Decays Chi_C1 -> Eta Pi+ Pi- And Chi_C1 -> Eta' Pi+ Pi-, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, T. Skwarnicki

Physics - All Scholarship

Using a data sample of 2.59 x 10^7 psi(2S) decays obtained with the CLEO-c detector, we perform amplitude analyses of the complementary decay chains chi_c1 -> eta pi+ pi- and chi_c1 -> eta' pi+ pi-. We find evidence for a P-wave eta' pi scattering amplitude, which, if interpreted as a resonance, would have exotic J^PC = 1^-+ and parameters consistent with the pi_1(1600) state reported in other production mechanisms. We also make the first observation of the decay a_0(980) -> eta' pi and measure the ratio of branching fractions B(a_0(980) -> eta' pi)/B(a_0(980) -> eta pi) = 0.064 +- 0.014 …

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A Branching Process For Virus Survival, J. Theodore Cox, Rinaldo B. Schinazi Sep 2011

A Branching Process For Virus Survival, J. Theodore Cox, Rinaldo B. Schinazi

Mathematics - All Scholarship

Quasispecies theory predicts that there is a critical mutation probability above which a viral population will go extinct. Above this threshold the virus loses the ability to replicate the best adapted genotype, leading to a population composed of low replicating mutants that is eventually doomed. We propose a new branching model that shows that this is not necessarily so. That is, a population composed of ever changing mutants may survive.

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Adjoint Functors, Projectivization, And Differentiation Algorithms For Representations Of Partially Ordered Sets, Mark Kleiner, Markus Reitenbach Sep 2011

Adjoint Functors, Projectivization, And Differentiation Algorithms For Representations Of Partially Ordered Sets, Mark Kleiner, Markus Reitenbach

Mathematics - All Scholarship

Adjoint functors and projectivization in representation theory of partially ordered sets are used to generalize the algorithms of differentiation by a maximal and by a minimal point. Conceptual explanations are given for the combinatorial construction of the derived set and for the differentiation functor.

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Implementation And Testing Of The First Prompt Search For Electromagnetic Counterparts To Gravitational Wave Transients, Duncan Brown, J. Abadie, Stefan Ballmer, Collin Capano, P. Couvares Sep 2011

Implementation And Testing Of The First Prompt Search For Electromagnetic Counterparts To Gravitational Wave Transients, Duncan Brown, J. Abadie, Stefan Ballmer, Collin Capano, P. Couvares

Physics - All Scholarship

Aims. A transient astrophysical event observed in both gravitational wave (GW) and electromagnetic (EM) channels would yield rich scientific rewards. A first program initiating EM follow-ups to possible transient GW events has been developed and exercised by the LIGO and Virgo community in association with several partners. In this paper, we describe and evaluate the methods used to promptly identify and localize GW event candidates and to request images of targeted sky locations. Methods. During two observing periods (Dec 17 2009 to Jan 8 2010 and Sep 2 to Oct 20 2010), a low-latency analysis pipeline was used to identify …

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Exploring Non-Typical Memcache Architectures For Decreased Latency And Distributed Network Usage., Paul G. Talaga, Steve J. Chapin Sep 2011

Exploring Non-Typical Memcache Architectures For Decreased Latency And Distributed Network Usage., Paul G. Talaga, Steve J. Chapin

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - Technical Reports

Memcache is a distributed in-memory data store designed to reduce database load for web applications by caching frequently used data across multiple machines. While memcache already offers excellent performance, we explore how data-locality can increase performance under certain environments and workloads.

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The Baryon-Dark Matter Ratio Via Moduli Decay After Affleck-Dine Baryogenesis, Scott Watson, Gordon Kane, Jing Shao, Hai-Bo Yu Sep 2011

The Baryon-Dark Matter Ratio Via Moduli Decay After Affleck-Dine Baryogenesis, Scott Watson, Gordon Kane, Jing Shao, Hai-Bo Yu

Physics - All Scholarship

Low-scale supersymmetry breaking in string motivated theories implies the presence of O(100) TeV scale moduli, which generically lead to a significant modification of the history of the universe prior to Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. Such an approach implies a non-thermal origin for dark matter resulting from scalar decay, where the lightest supersymmetric particle can account for the observed dark matter relic density. We study the further effect of the decay on the baryon asymmetry of the universe, and find that this can satisfactorily address the problem of the over-production of the baryon asymmetry by the Affleck-Dine mechanism in the MSSM. Remarkably, …

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Observation Of J/Ψ Pair Production In Pp Collisions At √S=7 Tev, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, Alessandra Borgia Sep 2011

Observation Of J/Ψ Pair Production In Pp Collisions At √S=7 Tev, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, Alessandra Borgia

Physics - All Scholarship

The production of J/\psi pairs in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV has been observed using an integrated luminosity of 37.5 pb^{-1} collected with the LHCb detector. The production cross-section for pairs with both \jpsi in the rapidity range 2

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Observation Of J/Ψ Pair Production In Pp Collisions At \Sqrt{S}=7 Tev, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, Alesandra Borgia Sep 2011

Observation Of J/Ψ Pair Production In Pp Collisions At \Sqrt{S}=7 Tev, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, Alesandra Borgia

Physics - All Scholarship

The production of J/\psi pairs in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV has been observed using an integrated luminosity of 37.5 pb^{-1} collected with the LHCb detector. The production cross-section for pairs with both \jpsi in the rapidity range 2

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Lipschitz Regularity For Inner-Variational Equations, Tadeusz Iwaniec, Leonid V. Kovalev, Jani Onninen Sep 2011

Lipschitz Regularity For Inner-Variational Equations, Tadeusz Iwaniec, Leonid V. Kovalev, Jani Onninen

Mathematics - All Scholarship

We obtain Lipschitz regularity results for a fairly general class of nonlinear first-order PDEs. These equations arise from the inner variation of certain energy integrals. Even in the simplest model case of the Dirichlet energy the inner-stationary solutions need not be differentiable everywhere; the Lipschitz continuity is the best possible. But the proofs, even in the Dirichlet case, turn out to relay on topological arguments. The appeal to the inner-stationary solutions in this context is motivated by the classical problems of existence and regularity of the energy-minimal deformations in the theory of harmonic mappings and certain mathematical models of nonlinear …

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Observation Of The H_C(1p) Using E^+E^- Collisions Above Ddbar Threshold, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, T. Skwarnicki Aug 2011

Observation Of The H_C(1p) Using E^+E^- Collisions Above Ddbar Threshold, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, T. Skwarnicki

Physics - All Scholarship

Using 586pb^-1 of e^+e^- collision data at E_CM = 4170MeV, produced at the CESR collider and collected with the CLEO-c detector, we observe the process e^+e^- --> pi^+ pi^- h_c(1P). We measure its cross section to be 15.6+-2.3+-1.9+-3.0pb, where the third error is due to the external uncertainty on the branching fraction of psi(2S) --> pi^0 h_c(1P), which we use for normalization. We also find evidence for e^+e^- --> eta h_c(1P) at 4170MeV at the 3sigma level, and see hints of a rise in the e^+e^- --> pi^+ pi^- h_c(1P) cross section at 4260MeV.

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Quantum Equivalence Principle Violations In Scalar-Tensor Theories, Christian Armendariz-Picon, Riccardo Penco Aug 2011

Quantum Equivalence Principle Violations In Scalar-Tensor Theories, Christian Armendariz-Picon, Riccardo Penco

Physics - All Scholarship

We study the equivalence principle and its violations by quantum effects in scalar-tensor theories that admit a conformal frame in which matter only couples to the spacetime metric. These theories possess Ward identities that guarantee the validity of the weak equivalence principle to all orders in the matter coupling constants. These Ward identities originate from a broken Weyl symmetry under which the scalar field transforms by a shift, and from the symmetry required to couple a massless spin two particle to matter (diffeomorphism invariance). But the same identities also predict violations of the weak equivalence principle relatively suppressed by at …

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Observation Of The Hc(1p) Using E+E- Collisions Above Dd Threshold, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, T. Skwarnicki Aug 2011

Observation Of The Hc(1p) Using E+E- Collisions Above Dd Threshold, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, T. Skwarnicki

Physics - All Scholarship

Using 586pb^-1 of e^+e^- collision data at E_CM = 4170MeV, produced at the CESR collider and collected with the CLEO-c detector, we observe the process e^+e^- --> pi^+ pi^- h_c(1P). We measure its cross section to be 15.6+-2.3+-1.9+-3.0pb, where the third error is due to the external uncertainty on the branching fraction of psi(2S) --> pi^0 h_c(1P), which we use for normalization. We also find evidence for e^+e^- --> eta h_c(1P) at 4170MeV at the 3sigma level, and see hints of a rise in the e^+e^- --> pi^+ pi^- h_c(1P) cross section at 4260MeV.

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Substrate Rigidity Deforms And Polarizes Active Gels, Shiladitya Banerjee, M. C. Marchetti Aug 2011

Substrate Rigidity Deforms And Polarizes Active Gels, Shiladitya Banerjee, M. C. Marchetti

Physics - All Scholarship

We present a continuum model of the coupling between cells and substrate that accounts for some of the observed substrate-stiffness dependence of cell properties. The cell is modeled as an elastic active gel, adapting recently developed continuum theories of active viscoelastic fluids. The coupling to the substrate enters as a boundary condition that relates the cell's deformation field to local stress gradients. In the presence of activity, the coupling to the substrate yields spatially inhomogeneous contractile stresses and deformations in the cell and can enhance polarization, breaking the cell's front-rear symmetry.

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Equidistribution Results For Singular Metrics On Line Bundles, Dan Coman, George Marinescu Aug 2011

Equidistribution Results For Singular Metrics On Line Bundles, Dan Coman, George Marinescu

Mathematics - All Scholarship

Let L be a holomorphic line bundle with a positively curved singular Hermitian metric over a complex manifold X. One can define naturally the sequence of Fubini-Study currents associated to the space of square integrable holomorphic sections of the p-th tensor powers of L. Assuming that the singular set of the metric is contained in a compact analytic subset of X and that the logarithm of the Bergman kernel function associated to the p-th tensor power of L (defined outside the singular set) grows like o(p) as p tends to infinity, we prove the following:
1) the k-th power of …

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Branching Fractions For Y(3s) -> Pi^0 H_B And Psi(2s) -> Pi^0 H_C, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, T. Skwarnicki Aug 2011

Branching Fractions For Y(3s) -> Pi^0 H_B And Psi(2s) -> Pi^0 H_C, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, T. Skwarnicki

Physics - All Scholarship

Using e^+e^- collision data corresponding to 5.88M Y(3S) [25.9M psi(2S)] decays and acquired by the CLEO III [CLEO-c] detectors operating at CESR, we study the single-pion transitions from Y(3S) [psi(2S)] to the respective spin-singlet states h_{b[c]}. Utilizing only the momentum of suitably selected transition-pi^0 candidates, we obtain the upper limit B(Y(3S) -> pi^0 h_b) < 1.2\times 10^{-3} at 90% confidence level, and measure B(psi(2S) -> pi^0 h_c) = (9.0+-1.5+-1.3)\times 10^{-4}. Signal sensitivities are enhanced by excluding very asymmetric pi^0 -> gamma gamma candidates.

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Branching Fractions For ϒ(3s)→ Π0hb And Ψ(2s) →Π0hc, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, T. Skwarnicki Aug 2011

Branching Fractions For ϒ(3s)→ Π0hb And Ψ(2s) →Π0hc, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, T. Skwarnicki

Physics - All Scholarship

Using e^+e^- collision data corresponding to 5.88M Y(3S) [25.9M psi(2S)] decays and acquired by the CLEO III [CLEO-c] detectors operating at CESR, we study the single-pion transitions from Y(3S) [psi(2S)] to the respective spin-singlet states h_{b[c]}. Utilizing only the momentum of suitably selected transition-pi^0 candidates, we obtain the upper limit B(Y(3S) -> pi^0 h_b) < 1.2\times 10^{-3} at 90% confidence level, and measure B(psi(2S) -> pi^0 h_c) = (9.0+-1.5+-1.3)\times 10^{-4}. Signal sensitivities are enhanced by excluding very asymmetric pi^0 -> gamma gamma candidates.

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Plasmonic Nanogels With Robustly Tunable Optical Properties, Tao Cong, Satvik N. Wani, Georo Zhou, Elia Baszczuk, Radhakrishna Sureshkumar Aug 2011

Plasmonic Nanogels With Robustly Tunable Optical Properties, Tao Cong, Satvik N. Wani, Georo Zhou, Elia Baszczuk, Radhakrishna Sureshkumar

Biomedical and Chemical Engineering - All Scholarship

Low viscosity fluids with tunable optical properties can be processed to manufacture thin film and interfaces for molecular detection, light trapping in photovoltaics and reconfigurable optofluidic devices. In this work, self-assembly in wormlike micelle solutions is used to uniformly distribute various metallic nanoparticles to produce stable suspensions with localized, multiple wavelength or broad-band optical properties. Their spectral response can be robustly modified by varying the species, concentration, size and/or shape of the nanoparticles. Structure, rheology and optical properties of these plasmonic nanogels as well as their potential applications to efficient photovoltaics design are discussed.

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Semi-Leptonic D_S^+(1968) Decays As A Scalar Meson Probe, Joseph Schechter, Amir H. Fariborz, Renata Jora, M. Naeem Shahid Aug 2011

Semi-Leptonic D_S^+(1968) Decays As A Scalar Meson Probe, Joseph Schechter, Amir H. Fariborz, Renata Jora, M. Naeem Shahid

Physics - All Scholarship

The unusual multiplet structures associated with the light spin zero mesons have recently attracted a good deal of theoretical attention. Here we discuss some aspects associated with the possibility of getting new experimental information on this topic from semi-leptonic decays of heavy charged mesons into an isosinglet scalar or pseudoscalar plus leptons.

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Non-Commutative Crepant Resolutions: Scenes From Categorical Geometry, Graham J. Leuschke Aug 2011

Non-Commutative Crepant Resolutions: Scenes From Categorical Geometry, Graham J. Leuschke

Mathematics - All Scholarship

Non-commutative crepant resolutions are algebraic objects defined by Van den Bergh to realize an equivalence of derived categories in birational geometry. They are motivated by tilting theory, the McKay correspondence, and the minimal model program, and have applications to string theory and representation theory. In this expository article I situate Van den Bergh's definition within these contexts and describe some of the current research in the area.

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Mcrg Minimal Walking Technicolor, Simon Catterall, Luigi Del Debbio, Joel Giedt Aug 2011

Mcrg Minimal Walking Technicolor, Simon Catterall, Luigi Del Debbio, Joel Giedt

Physics - All Scholarship

We present a Monte Carlo renormalisation group study of the SU(2) gauge theory with two Dirac fermions in the adjoint representation. Using the two-lattice matching technique we measure the running of the coupling and the anomalous mass dimension. We find slow running of the coupling, compatible with an infrared fixed point. Assuming this running is negligible we find a vanishing anomalous dimension, gamma=-0.03(13), however taking this source of systematic error into account gives a much larger range of allowed values, -0.6 < gamma < 0.6. We also attempt to measure the anomalous mass dimension using the stability matrix method. We discuss the systematic errors affecting the current analysis and possible improvements.

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Possible Z-Width Probe Of A "Brane-World" Scenario For Neutrino Masses, Joseph Schechter, Sherif Moussa, Salah Nasri, F Sannino Aug 2011

Possible Z-Width Probe Of A "Brane-World" Scenario For Neutrino Masses, Joseph Schechter, Sherif Moussa, Salah Nasri, F Sannino

Physics - All Scholarship

The possibility that the accurately known value of the Z width might furnish information about the coupling of two neutrinos to the Majoron (Nambu-Goldstone boson of spontaneous lepton number violation) is proposed and investigated in detail. Both the "ordinary" case and the case in which one adopts a "brane" world picture with the Majoron free to travel in extra dimensions are studied. Bounds on the dimensionless coupling constants are obtained, allowing for any number of extra dimensions and any intrinsic mass scale. These bounds may be applied to a variety of different Majoron models. If a technically natural see-saw model …

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An Object Oriented Code For Simulating Supersymmetric Yang--Mills Theories, Simon Catterall, Anosh Joseph Aug 2011

An Object Oriented Code For Simulating Supersymmetric Yang--Mills Theories, Simon Catterall, Anosh Joseph

Physics - All Scholarship

Discretization of supersymmetric Yang--Mills (SYM) theories is an old problem in lattice field theory. It has resisted solution until recently when new ideas drawn from orbifold constructions and topological field theories have been brought to bear on the question. The result has been the creation of a new class of lattice gauge theories in which the lattice action is invariant under one or more supersymmetries. The resultant theories are local, free of doublers and also possess exact gauge-invariance. In principle they form the basis for a truly non-perturbative definition of the continuum SYM theories. In the continuum limit they lead …

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Higher Derivative Gravitational Systems And Ghost Fields, Michele Fontanini Aug 2011

Higher Derivative Gravitational Systems And Ghost Fields, Michele Fontanini

Physics - Dissertations

Effective Field Theory (EFT) is one of the most powerful theoretical tools in the hands of cosmologists, it allows them to come up with testable effective descriptions of the universe even when a fundamental theory is missing. EFT though, is not the only possible answer for pushing our knowledge beyond the limits of what has already been established. Applying EFT and other alternative methods has become an important part of a cosmologist’s work, particularly in the last few years when a vast plethora of extensions of the Standard Model of Cosmology has been proposed and needs to be tested against …

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Strong Approximation Of Homeomorphisms Of Finite Dirichlet Energy, Tadeusz Iwaniec, Leonid V. Kovalev, Jani Onninen Jul 2011

Strong Approximation Of Homeomorphisms Of Finite Dirichlet Energy, Tadeusz Iwaniec, Leonid V. Kovalev, Jani Onninen

Mathematics - All Scholarship

Let X and Y be planar Jordan domains of the same finite connectivity, Y being inner chordarc regular (such are Lipschitz domains). Every homeomorphism h:X->Y in the Sobolev space W1,2 extends to a continuous map between closed domains. We prove that there exist homeomorphisms between closed domains which converge to h uniformly and in W1,2. The problem of approximation of Sobolev homeomorphisms, raised by J. M. Ball and L. C. Evans, is deeply rooted in a study of energy-minimal deformations in nonlinear elasticity. The new feature of our main result is that approximation takes place also …

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Rectification Of Vortex Motion In A Circular Ratchet Channel, Britton Plourde, N. S. Lin, T. W. Heitmann, Kang Yu, V. R. Misko Jul 2011

Rectification Of Vortex Motion In A Circular Ratchet Channel, Britton Plourde, N. S. Lin, T. W. Heitmann, Kang Yu, V. R. Misko

Physics - All Scholarship

We study the dynamics of vortices in an asymmetric ring channel driven by an external current I in a Corbino setup. The asymmetric potential can rectify the motion of vortices and cause a net flow without any unbiased external drive, which is called ratchet effect. With an applied ac current, the potential can rectify the motion of vortices in the channel and induce a dc net flow. We show that the net flow of vortices strongly depends on vortex density and frequency of the driving current. Depending on the density, we distinguish a "single-vortex" rectification regime (low density) determined by …

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Active Jamming: Self-Propelled Soft Particles At High Density, Silke Henkes, Yaouen Fily, M. Christina Marchetti Jul 2011

Active Jamming: Self-Propelled Soft Particles At High Density, Silke Henkes, Yaouen Fily, M. Christina Marchetti

Physics - All Scholarship

We study numerically the phases and dynamics of a dense collection of self-propelled particles with soft repulsive interactions in two dimensions. The model is motivated by recent in vitro experiments on confluent monolayers of migratory epithelial and endothelial cells. The phase diagram exhibits a liquid phase with giant number fluctuations at low packing fraction and high self-propulsion speed and a jammed phase at high packing fraction and low self-propulsion speed. The dynamics of the jammed phase is controlled by the low frequency modes of the jammed packing.

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Measurement Of The Inclusive Φ Cross-Section In Pp Collisions At √S = 7 Tev, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, Alessandra Borgia Jul 2011

Measurement Of The Inclusive Φ Cross-Section In Pp Collisions At √S = 7 Tev, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, Alessandra Borgia

Physics - All Scholarship

The cross-section for inclusive phi meson production in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV has been measured with the LHCb detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The differential cross-section is measured as a function of the phi transverse momentum p_T and rapidity y in the region 0.6 < p_T < 5.0 GeV/c and 2.44 < y < 4.06. The cross-section for inclusive phi production in this kinematic range is sigma(pp -> phi X) = 1758 pm 19(stat) ^{+43}_{-14}(syst) pm 182(scale) microbarn, where the first systematic uncertainty depends on the p_T and y region and the second is related to the overall scale. Predictions based on the Pythia 6.4 generator underestimate the cross-section.

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Measurement Of The Inclusive Phi Cross-Section In Pp Collisions At Sqrt(S) = 7 Tev, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, Alessandra Borgia Jul 2011

Measurement Of The Inclusive Phi Cross-Section In Pp Collisions At Sqrt(S) = 7 Tev, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, Alessandra Borgia

Physics - All Scholarship

The cross-section for inclusive phi meson production in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV has been measured with the LHCb detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The differential cross-section is measured as a function of the phi transverse momentum p_T and rapidity y in the region 0.6 < p_T < 5.0 GeV/c and 2.44 < y < 4.06. The cross-section for inclusive phi production in this kinematic range is sigma(pp -> phi X) = 1758 pm 19(stat) ^{+43}_{-14}(syst) pm 182(scale) microbarn, where the first systematic uncertainty depends on the p_T and y region and the second is related to the overall scale. Predictions based on the Pythia 6.4 generator underestimate the cross-section.

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Nonlinear Hydrodynamics Of Disentangled Flux-Line Liquids, Panayotis Benetatos, M. Cristina Marchetti Jul 2011

Nonlinear Hydrodynamics Of Disentangled Flux-Line Liquids, Panayotis Benetatos, M. Cristina Marchetti

Physics - All Scholarship

In this paper we use non-Gaussian hydrodynamics to study the magnetic response of a flux-line liquid in the mixed state of a type-II superconductor. Both the derivation of our model, which goes beyond conventional Gaussian flux liquid hydrodynamics, and its relationship to other approaches used in the literature are discussed. We focus on the response to a transverse tilting field which is controlled by the tilt modulus, c44, of the flux array. We show that interaction effects can enhance c44 even in infinitely thick clean materials. This enhancement can be interpreted as the appearance of a disentangled flux-liquid fraction. In …

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On Khovanov-Seidel Quiver Algebras And Bordered Floer Homology, Denis Auroux, J. Elisenda Grigsby, Stephan M. Wehrli Jul 2011

On Khovanov-Seidel Quiver Algebras And Bordered Floer Homology, Denis Auroux, J. Elisenda Grigsby, Stephan M. Wehrli

Mathematics - All Scholarship

We discuss a relationship between Khovanov- and Heegaard Floer-type homology theories for braids. Explicitly, we define a filtration on the bordered Heegaard-Floer homology bimodule associated to the double-branched cover of a braid and show that its associated graded bimodule is equivalent to a similar bimodule defined by Khovanov and Seidel.

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