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Articles 91 - 99 of 99
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Optical Spectroscopic Studies Of Two Star Forming Regions, Kristen Leilani Erickson
Optical Spectroscopic Studies Of Two Star Forming Regions, Kristen Leilani Erickson
Doctoral Dissertations
"The ρ Ophiuchi and Serpens molecular clouds are sites of low mass star formation. The goals of this study were to identify young stellar objects (YSOs) and estimate ages and masses in order to infer an initial mass function (IMF), investigate disk evolution, and determine the star-forming history. Optical spectroscopic surveys of an unbiased sample of candidate young stars have been completed. Optical images taken in different photometric bands were used to create color-magnitude diagrams from which sources were selected for spectroscopic observation. In combination with published data, 135 association members in ρ Ophiuchi and 63 association members plus 16 …
Phase Transitions In Disordered Systems, Fawaz Y. Hrahsheh
Phase Transitions In Disordered Systems, Fawaz Y. Hrahsheh
Doctoral Dissertations
"Disorder can have a wide variety of consequences for the physics of phase transitions. Some transitions remain unchanged in the presence of disorder while others are completely destroyed. In this thesis we study the effects of disorder on several classical and quantum phase transitions in condensed matter systems. After a brief introduction, we study the ferromagnetic phase transition in a randomly layered Heisenberg magnet using large-scale Monte-Carlo simulations. Our results provide numerical evidence for the exotic infinite-randomness scenario. We study classical and quantum smeared phase transitions in substitutional alloys A₁₋ₓBₓ. Our results show that the disorder completely destroys the phase …
Quantum Phase Transitions In Impurity Models And Percolating Lattices, Manal M. Al-Ali
Quantum Phase Transitions In Impurity Models And Percolating Lattices, Manal M. Al-Ali
Doctoral Dissertations
"This thesis investigates the influence of random disorder and dissipation on zero-temperature quantum phase transitions. Both phenomena can fundamentally change the character of the phases of a quantum many-particle system and of the transitions between them. If dissipation and disorder occur simultaneously in a system undergoing a quantum phase transition, particularly strong effects can be expected. In the first paper reproduced in this thesis, we study a single quantum rotor coupled to a sub-Ohmic dissipative bath. We find that this system undergoes a quantum phase transition from a delocalized phase to a localized phase as the dissipation strength is increased. …
Verification Of Information Flow Security In Cyber-Physical Systems, Rav Akella
Verification Of Information Flow Security In Cyber-Physical Systems, Rav Akella
Doctoral Dissertations
"With a growing number of real-world applications that are dependent on computation, securing the information space has become a challenge. The security of information in such applications is often jeopardized by software and hardware failures, intervention of human subjects such as attackers, incorrect design specification and implementation, other social and natural causes. Since these applications are very diverse, often cutting across disciplines a generic approach to detect and mitigate these issues is missing. This dissertation addresses the fundamental problem of verifying information security in a class of real world applications of computation, the Cyber-physical systems (CPSs). One of the motivations …
Structural And Magnetic Properties Of Ni And Cr Substituted La₀.₇Sr₀.₃Mno₃, Thomas Franklin Creel Jr.
Structural And Magnetic Properties Of Ni And Cr Substituted La₀.₇Sr₀.₃Mno₃, Thomas Franklin Creel Jr.
Doctoral Dissertations
"The La₁₋ₓSrₓMn1-yByO₃ perovskite systems where B represents a 3d transition metal such as Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn, are of significant interest due to their large magnetoresistance, and electronic transport properties that change significantly, depending on values of x and which transition metal used. Their applications in technology include cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells, resistance random access memory and catalysis. At certain doping concentrations on the B-site, metal-to-semiconductor or metal-to-insulator transitions coupled with colossal magnetoresistance occur, decreasing the resistivity (up to six orders of magnitude) upon the application of an external magnetic field. …
Transport In Correlated And Uncorrelated Random Media, With Applications To Molecularly Doped Polymers, Nilanka Praveena Gurusinghe
Transport In Correlated And Uncorrelated Random Media, With Applications To Molecularly Doped Polymers, Nilanka Praveena Gurusinghe
Doctoral Dissertations
"The commonly observed Poole-Frenkel field dependence; of the mobility of photo-injected charges in molecularly-doped polymers has been shown to arise from the spatially-correlated, Gaussian energy distribution of transport sites encountered by charges moving through the material. Experimental current-time transients obtained for molecularly-doped polymers exhibit universality with respect to electric field and a metal-insulator-like transition from non-dispersive to dispersive transport, features usually identified with multiple trapping models that assume an uncorrelated exponential distribution of trap energies. For materials that exhibit both sets of features the possibility arises that both kinds of disorder coexist. We study here, analytically and numerically, transport in …
Privacy-Preserving Friend Recommendations In Online Social Networks, Bharath Kumar Samanthula
Privacy-Preserving Friend Recommendations In Online Social Networks, Bharath Kumar Samanthula
Doctoral Dissertations
"Online social networks, such as Facebook and Google+, have been emerging as a new communication service for users to stay in touch and share information with family members and friends over the Internet. Since the users are generating huge amounts of data on social network sites, an interesting question is how to mine this enormous amount of data to retrieve useful information. Along this direction, social network analysis has emerged as an important tool for many business intelligence applications such as identifying potential customers and promoting items based on their interests. In particular, since users are often interested to make …
Study Of Artificially Disordered Optical Fibers, Herath Mudiyanselage Sumudu Rasika Kumari Herath
Study Of Artificially Disordered Optical Fibers, Herath Mudiyanselage Sumudu Rasika Kumari Herath
Doctoral Dissertations
"Light transmission through photo-sensitive multi-mode fibers (MMF) with controlled volume disorder is investigated. Experiment shows that a segment of disordered MMF as short as 10 cm is sufficient to distribute power uniformly over all co-propagating modes and the intensity at the output surface of the fiber follows the Rayleigh negative exponential function. To explain the experimental findings, a comprehensive theoretical model is developed with three main results. First, statistical properties of all components of the dielectric tensor are obtained and analyzed in the framework a microscopical model of photo-sensitivity in a germano-silicate glasses. Secondly, it is shown that induced birefringence …
Characterization Of Nano-Scaled Metal-Hydrides Confined In Nano-Porous Carbon Frameworks, David Edward Peaslee
Characterization Of Nano-Scaled Metal-Hydrides Confined In Nano-Porous Carbon Frameworks, David Edward Peaslee
Doctoral Dissertations
"Metal hydrides are currently being studied to provide hydrogen for use in fuel cells and for transportation applications. Hydrogen can be stored in chemical compounds at higher density and lower volume than liquid H₂ or compressed gas. Thermodynamic properties of metal hydrides differ between bulk and nano-sized particles. Many metal hydrides with useful volumetric and gravimetric capacities have high decomposition temperatures, but when placed in nano-sized frameworks (or templates) desorption and adsorption temperatures can be fine-tuned to meet engineering requirements for real-world systems. Additionally, some metal hydrides have shown a change in the decomposition pathway when infiltrated into these frameworks, …