Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Prediction Intervals, Based On Ranges And Waiting Times, For An Exponential Distribution, Laura Colangelo, Jagdish K. Patel

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

This article contains two prediction intervals applicable to a 2-parameter as well as a 1-parameter exponential distribution. One can be used to predict a future sample range on the basis of an observed sample range. Appropriate prediction factors are tabulated. The other can be used to predict a waiting time between two future successive failures on the basis of an observed waiting time between two previous successive failures. © 1992 IEEE

Structural Studies Of Rare Earth-Iron Nitrides By Neutron Powder Diffraction, William B. Yelon, George C. Hadjipanayis

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

°-Electron Emission In Fast Heavy Ion Atom Collisions, H. Schmidt-Böcking, U. Ramm, G. Kraft, J. Ullrich, H. Berg, C. Kelbch, Ronald E. Olson, R. (Robert) D. Dubois, S. Hagmann, F. Jiazhen

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Biological damages such as mutations, chromosomal aberrations etc. are consequence of biochemical changes mostly in the DNA /1/. With ionizing radiation, these chemical changes are due to primary ionization events and secondary ionization effects caused by the primarily produced electrons. Differences in the biological response of densely ionizing radiation, like heavy charged particles, in comparison to sparsely ionizing radiation, such as X- or γ-rays, are mainly due to the differences in the productions of the so called δ-electrons. Therefore, the emission process of electrons i.e., the cross section for the primary ionization event as well as the energy and angular …

Differential Cross Sections For State-Selective Electron Capture In 25100-Kev Proton-Helium Collisions, D. R. Schultz, C. O. Reinhold, Ronald E. Olson, D. G. Seely

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Cross sections differential in the scattering angle of the projectile are presented for electron capture summed over all states and to the 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, and 4p states of hydrogen in 25-, 50-, and 100-keV proton-helium collisions. The classical-trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC) technique was employed for these calculations as well as to compute total cross sections as a function of impact energy. The latter are compared with experiment to display the behavior of the integral state-selective cross sections in this energy regime. Detailed comparison is also made between the calculated angular differential cross sections and the experimental measurements …

Empirical Procedure That Uses Molecular Structure To Predict Enantioselectivity Of Chiral Stationary Phases, Alain Berthod, San Chun Chang, Daniel W. Armstrong

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

A total of 121 racemic compounds were separated In the normal-phase mode on a (S)-(1-naphthylethyl)carbamoylated β-cyclodextrin (S-NEC-β-CD) bonded phase and 74 on the R equivalent (-NEC) chiral stationary phase (CSP). All compounds are of the type that have four substituents on a stereogenlc center, rather than an "axis of chirality". It is shown that the binary solvent pair used as the mobile phase has a significant Influence on chiral recognition. However, the proportions of the components of a specific pair have little effect. From the results, the Individual contributions to chiral recognition by these CSPs were estimated for 81 different …

Multiple Enantioselective Retention Mechanisms On Derivatized Cyclodextrin Gas Chromatographic Chiral Stationary Phases, Alain Berthed, Weiyong Li, Daniel W. Armstrong

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

2, 6-Di-O-pentyl-3-O-(trifluoroacetyl) (DP-TFA) derivatized β and γ-cyclodextrlne are able to resolve a wide variety of volatile racemic compounds. The enantiomeric recognition mechanism of these phases was Investigated. The retention behavior of homologous series showed that lengthening the side alkyl chain Increases the retention time but does not affect enantioselectivlty. The thermodynamic parameters, free energy, enthalpy, and the difference In free energy, enthalpy, and entropy between enantiomers were evaluated for 24 enantiomeric pairs. From this data, It appears that the compounds can be arranged In two groups. One group has high values for enthalpy, entropy, free energy, and the corresponding difference …

Fault-Tolerant Concurrent Branch And Bound Algorithms Derived From Program Verification, Hanan Lutfiyya, Aggie Sun, Bruce M. Mcmillin

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

An important aspect which is often overlooked in software design of distributed environments is that of fault tolerance. Many methodologies in the past have attempted to provide fault tolerance efficiently but have never been successful at eliminating explicit time and space redundancy. One approach for providing fault tolerance is through examining the behavior and properties of the application and deriving executable assertions that detect faults. Our work focuses on transforming the assertions of a verification proof of a program to executable assertions. These executable assertions may be embedded in the program to create a fault-tolerant program. It is also shown …

1-Ferrocenyl-1-Cyclopropyl Cation: The First Long-Lived Cyclopropyl Cation, G. K.Surya Prakash, Herwig Buchholz, V. Prakash Reddy, Armin De Meijere, George A. Olah

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Proving Functionally Difficult Problems Through Model Generation, Richard Rankin, Ralph W. Wilkerson

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Satchmo [MA88] is a Theorem Prover Implemented in Prolog Which Attempts to Provide Satisfiability Checking through Model Generation. This Paper Gives a Brief Introduction to SATCHMO and Reports Extensions to the Original Work Which Allow SATCHMO to Solve Problems Previously Considered to Be Finitely Unprovable within the SATCHMO System. the Specific Problems Are from [PE86, MO85, LU85] and Were Designed to Convert Simple Propositional Logic Problems into Functionally Difficult First Order Problems. Although the Benefits of using the SATCHMO System Are Many, the Fact that It Could Not Offer Proofs for a Set of Problems Provable in Other Systems is …

Formation Of Clusters And Resolution Of Ordinal Attributes In Id3 Classification Trees, Chaman Sabharwal, Keith R. Hacke, Daniel C. St. Clair

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Many learning systems have been designed to construct classification trees from a set of training examples. One of the most widely used approaches for constructing decision trees is the ID3 algorithm [Quinlan 1986]. Decision trees are ill-suited to handle attributes with ordinal values. Problems arise when a node representing an ordinal attribute has a branch for each value of the ordinal attribute in the training set. This is generally infeasible when the set of ordinal values is very large. Past approaches have sought to cluster large sets of ordinal values before the classification tree is constructed [Quinlan 1986; Lebowitz 1985; …

Parallel Error Tolerance Scheme Based On The Hill Climbing Nature Of Simulated Annealing, Bruce M. Mcmillin, Chul-Eui Hong

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

In parallelizing simulated annealing in a multicomputer, maintaining the global state S involves explicit message traffic and is a critical performance bottleneck. One way to mitigate this bottleneck is to amortize the overhead of these state updates over as many parallel state changes as possible. Using this technique introduces errors in the calculated cost C(S) of a particular state S used by the annealing process. Analytically derived bounds are placed on this error in order to assure convergence to the correct result. The resulting parallel simulated annealing algorithm dynamically changes the frequency of global updates as a function of the …

Experimentation With Proof Methods For Non-Horn Sets, Christopher J. Merz, Ralph W. Wilkerson

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Two Resolution Proof Strategies Developed by Peterson Are Implemented by Modifying Otter, an Existing Automated Theorem Prover. the Methods, Lock-T Refutation and LNL-T Refutation, Are Generalizations of Unit Refutation and Input Resolution, Respectively, to Non-Horn Sets and Represent Independent, Equivalent but Opposite Ways of Searching. the Algorithms Used Are based on a Corrected Version of the Foundational Work. the Strategies Have Been Tested on Various Non-Horn Challenge Problems from the Tarskian Geometry and the Non-Obvious Problem, with the Results Being in Some Cases Quite Favorable When Compared to Other Resolution Techniques.

Fundamental Aspect And Behavior Of Saturated Fluorocarbons In Glow Discharge In Absence Of Potential Source Of Hydrogen, Yu Iriyama, H. Yasuda

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The glow discharge of a series of saturated fluorocarbons, C_nF_2n+2 (n = 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8), was studied with glass substrates which do not contain any hydrogen. It was found that the deposition rate was a function of the F/C ratio of the starting fluorocarbons. That is, fluorocarbons with higher F/C ratio, such as CF₄ and C₂F₆, hardly polymerized, while fluorocarbons with lower F/C ratio, such as C₈F₁₈, polymerized as well as C₂F₄. After plasma exposure, the surface of glass substrate was …

Homogeneous Nucleation Of Liquid From The Vapor Phase In An Expansion Cloud Chamber, John L. Schmitt

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

A Wilson expansion cloud chamber has been used to measure the homogeneous vapor-to-liquid nucleation of several materials over the past decade. These data, representing nucleation rate as a function of temperature and supersaturation ratio for toluene, nonane, and water measured in our center, have been re-examined and are presented both in graphical form and as a table of selected data points. The latter is included for ease of comparison with theory. Measurements of the binary homogeneous nucleation of ethanol-water (E-W) mixtures are also presented. The expansion chamber experimental technique and data reduction technique are discussed.

Dynamic Mechanisms Of He Single Ionization By Fast Proton Impact, A. Gensmantel, J. Ullrich, R. Dörner, Ronald E. Olson, K. Ullmann, E. Forberich, S. Lencinas, H. Schmidt-Böcking

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Triple-differential ionization cross sections 3 pdcphipdprec, the momentum distributions of singly charged recoil ions transverse to the beam direction as a function of the projectile polar (p), and azimuthal (cphip) scattering angle were measured in order to elucidate the dynamics of 3-MeV H+ on He single ionization. For projectile polar deflections 0.2 p1 mrad and azimuthal scattering angles 0°cphip360°, the kinematic regimes where two-body interactions dominate the three-body momentum exchange of the single-ionization reaction were separated experimentally. © 1992 The American Physical Society.

Plasma As A High-Charge-State Projectile Stripping Medium, G. D. Alton, R. A. Sparrow, Ronald E. Olson

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The classical trajectory Monte Carlo model has been used to computationally study the charge-state distributions that result from interactions between a high-energy, multielectron projectile and neutral and fully ionized targets. These studies are designed to determine the properties of a plasma for producing highly stripped ions as a possible alternative to gas and foil strippers that are commonly used to enhance the charge states of energetic ion beams. The results of these studies clearly show that a low-atomic-number, highly ionized plasma can yield higher charge states than a neutral target of the same density. The effect is principally attributable to …

Classical Calculation Of High-Energy Electron Capture In 5-Mev Proton-Hydrogen Collisions, D. R. Schultz, C. O. Reinhold, Ronald E. Olson

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The existence of the classical Thomas peak in the angular distribution of projectiles undergoing capture in collisions of 5-MeV protons with atomic hydrogen is explored using the three-body, three-dimensional classical-trajectory Monte Carlo technique. A method that selects only that portion of the initial phase space which yields capture at this energy was developed to make the calculation tractable due to the extremely small cross section. The spectrum obtained displays only a small shoulder near the angle predicted by Thomas on the basis of successive classical binary collisions and the total (integral) cross section is overestimated by a factor of 26 …

Hydration Behavior Of Laser Dye Aerosols Of Mixed Composition Having High Critical Supersaturations, Max B. Trueblood, Donald E. Hagen, Darryl J. Alofs

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This Study Concerns Aerosol Particles of Mixed Composition. the Particles Contain a Water Insoluble Core (Polystyrene Latex), Surrounded by a Water Soluble Shell (Various Fluorescent Dyes). a Collison Nebulizer and an Electrostatic Aerosol Classifier Are Used to Prepare the Aerosol; its Critical Supersaturation Spectrum is Measured with a Diffusion Cloud Chamber. Experiments Were Done using Four Different Dyes (Disodium Fluorescein, Sulforhodamine 640, Sulforhodamine B and Rhodamine 560 Chloride) with Five Different Polystyrene Latex Sphere Sizes. the Results Indicate that a Kohler-Type Behavior is Obeyed. This Technique of Putting a Soluble Coating Onto an Insoluble Core is Found to Be a …

Composite Stock Cutting Through Simulated Annealing, Hanan Lutfiyya, Bruce M. Mcmillin, Pipatpong Poshyanonda, Cihan H. Dagli

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper explores the use of Simulated Annealing as an optimization technique for the problem of Composite Material Stock Cutting. The shapes are not constrained to be convex polygons or even regular shapes. However, due to the composite nature of the material, the orientation of the shapes on the stock is restricted. For placements of various shapes, we show how to determine a cost function, annealing parameters and performance. © 1992.

Pressure And Temperature Effects On The Energy Of Formation For Silicon Clusters, Sung-Ho Suck Salk, Chen K. Lutrus, Donald E. Hagen, T. Oshiro, Steven M. Beck, Gary L. Loper

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

At present most theoretical studies of atomic clusters are limited to their physical properties referred to 0 K. To the best of our knowledge, there exists no theoretical study of the simultaneous dependence of cluster formation and cluster-size distributions on both pressure and temperature. In the present work both pressure and temperature effects on the formation of silicon clusters are explored. A universal semiempirical formula is obtained to show a general trend in the variation of binding energy as a function of cluster size for both atomic and molecular clusters.

Thalamic Stroke: Presentation And Prognosis Of Infarcts And Hemorrhages, Wolfgang Steinke, Ralph L. Sacco, J. P. Mohr, Mary A. Foulkes, Thomas K. Tatemichi, Philip A. Wolf, Thomas R. Price, Daniel B. Hier

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Thalamic Strokes in 62 Patients Selected from the Stroke Data Bank Were Studied to Determine Differences among 18 Infarctions (INF), 23 Localized Hemorrhages (ICH), and 21 Hematomas with Ventricular Extension (IVH). Stupor or Coma at Onset Occurred More Frequently in the IVH (62%) Than in the INF (6%) or ICH (13%) Groups and Was Reflected in Significantly Lower Median Glasgow Coma Scores in the IVH Group (7) Than in the INF (15) and ICH (14) Groups. Although Ocular Movements Were More Frequently Abnormal in the IVH Group Compared with the ICH and INF Groups, No Significant Differences Were Found in …

Early Clinical Differentiation Of Cerebral Infarction From Severe Atherosclerotic Stenosis And Cardioembolism, S. G. Timsit, R. L. Sacco, J. P. Mohr, M. A. Foulkes, T. K. Tatemichi, P. A. Wolf, T. R. Price, D. (Daniel) B. Hier

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Background and Purpose: Hyperacute Cerebral Infarction Trials Require Early Differentiation of Infarction Subtype. Our Aim Was to Determine Clinical Factors Predictive of Infarction Subtype from Data Collected in the Early Hours of Admission. Methods: using the 1,273 Patients Enrolled in the Stroke Data Bank, Stroke Risk Factors and Demographic, Clinical, and Radiological Features Were Compared between the 246 Cardioembolic and 113 Large-Vessel Atherosclerotic Cerebral Infarcts. Results: Stroke Data Bank Definitions Ensured More Transient Ischemic Attacks in Atherosclerotic Infarcts and More Cardiac Disease in Cardioembolic Infarcts, But the Diagnosis Was Distinguished Further using a Logistic Regression Model. Fractional Arm Weakness (Shoulder …

Semi-Supervised Adaptive Resonance Theory (Smart2), Christopher J. Merz, William E. Bond, Daniel C. St. Clair

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Adaptive resonance theory (ART) algorithms represent a class of neural network architectures which self-organize stable recognition categories in response to arbitrary sequences of input patterns. The authors discuss incorporation of supervision into one of these architectures, ART2. Results of numerical experiments indicate that this new semi-supervised version of ART2 (SMART2) outperformed ART for classification problems. The results and analysis of runs on several data sets by SMART2, ART2, and backpropagation are analyzed. The test accuracy of SMART2 was similar to that of backpropagation. However, SMART2 network structures are easier to interpret than the corresponding structures produced by backpropagation.

Magnetic Properties Of A Novel Iron Carbide Film, Fe₇C₃X Formed In A Glow Discharge, Oran Allan Pringle, Gary J. Long, Fernande Grandjean, Jun L. Li, George C. Hadjipanayis, William Joseph James

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Monte Carlo Study Of A Simple Model Bulk-Ice-Ih System: P-T Melting Behavior At Constant Volume, K. Han, Barbara N. Hale

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

An NVT Metropolis Monte Carlo computer simulation is used to examine the P-T behavior of a constant-density model periodic ice-Ih sample near melting. The ice unit cell with density 0.904 g/cm³ consists of 192 rigid water molecules interacting via the revised central-force potentials (RSL2) of Stillinger and Rahman [J. Chem. Phys. 68, 666 (1978)] with a cutoff. Intramolecular parameters are determined from a minimization of the total potential energy of the ice-Ih structure at 0 K. In the P-T plot, emergence of the liquid-solid coexistence region is signaled by a change in sign of dP/dT (when expansion occurs upon …

Constrained Completion: Theory, Implementation, And Results, Daniel Patrick Murphy

Doctoral Dissertations

"The Knuth-Bendix completion procedure produces complete sets of reductions but can not handle certain rewrite rules such as commutativity. In order to handle such theories, completion procedure were created to find complete sets of reductions modulo an equational theory. The major problem with this method is that it requires a specialized unification algorithm for the equational theory. Although this method works well when such an algorithm exists, these algorithms are not always available and thus alternative methods are needed to attack problems. A way of doing this is to use a completion procedure which finds complete sets of constrained reductions. …

Atomic Collision Processes Of Interest In Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion Research, Victor Dewitt Irby

Doctoral Dissertations

"This thesis examines several atomic collisional processes involved in controlled thermonuclear fusion. Specifically, experimental studies have been made on the state- selective single capture reaction

³He²⁺ + He —> ³He⁺(n) + He⁺(n'), (1)

on the double capture reaction

³He²⁺ + H e—> ³He + He²⁺ , (2)

and on the single ionization of atomic targets X

A^q+ + X —> A^q+ + X⁺ + e^- (3)

by charged projectiles A^q+. Reactions (1) and (2) have an importance in plasma energy balance and in …