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Articles 451 - 455 of 455
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Suppression Of South Asian Summer Monsoon Precipitation In The 21st Century, Moetasim Ashfaq, Ying Shi, Wen-Wen Tung, Robert J. Trapp, Xueijie Gao, Jeremy S. Pal, Noah S. Diffenbaugh
Suppression Of South Asian Summer Monsoon Precipitation In The 21st Century, Moetasim Ashfaq, Ying Shi, Wen-Wen Tung, Robert J. Trapp, Xueijie Gao, Jeremy S. Pal, Noah S. Diffenbaugh
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Works
We used a high-resolution nested climate modeling system to investigate the response of South Asian summer monsoon dynamics to anthropogenic increases in greenhouse gas concentrations. The simulated dynamical features of the summer monsoon compared well with reanalysis data and observations. Further, we found that enhanced greenhouse forcing resulted in overall suppression of summer precipitation, a delay in monsoon onset, and an increase in the occurrence of monsoon break periods. Weakening of the large-scale monsoon flow and suppression of the dominant intraseasonal oscillatory modes were instrumental in the overall weakening of the South Asian summer monsoon. Such changes in monsoon dynamics …
Future Changes In Snowmelt-Driven Runoff Timing Over The Western Us, Sara A. Rauscher, Jeremy S. Pal, Noah S. Diffenbaugh, Michael M. Benedetti
Future Changes In Snowmelt-Driven Runoff Timing Over The Western Us, Sara A. Rauscher, Jeremy S. Pal, Noah S. Diffenbaugh, Michael M. Benedetti
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Works
We use a high-resolution nested climate model to investigate future changes in snowmelt-driven runoff (SDR) over the western US. Comparison of modeled and observed daily runoff data reveals that the regional model captures the present-day timing and trends of SDR. Results from an A2 scenario simulation indicate that increases in seasonal temperature of approximately 3° to 5°C resulting from increasing greenhouse gas concentrations could cause SDR to occur as much as two months earlier than present. These large changes result from an amplified snow-albedo feedback driven by the topographic complexity of the region, which is more accurately resolved in a …
Changes In Severe Thunderstorm Environment Frequency During The 21st Century Caused By Anthropogenically Enhanced Global Radiative Forcing, Robert J. Trapp, Noah S. Diffenbaugh, Harold E. Brooks, Michael E. Baldwin, Eric D. Robinson, Jeremy S. Pal
Changes In Severe Thunderstorm Environment Frequency During The 21st Century Caused By Anthropogenically Enhanced Global Radiative Forcing, Robert J. Trapp, Noah S. Diffenbaugh, Harold E. Brooks, Michael E. Baldwin, Eric D. Robinson, Jeremy S. Pal
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Works
Severe thunderstorms comprise an extreme class of deep convective clouds and produce high-impact weather such as destructive surface winds, hail, and tornadoes. This study addresses the question of how severe thunderstorm frequency in the United States might change because of enhanced global radiative forcing associated with elevated greenhouse gas concentrations. We use global climate models and a high-resolution regional climate model to examine the larger-scale (or “environmental”) meteorological conditions that foster severe thunderstorm formation. Across this model suite, we find a net increase during the late 21st century in the number of days in which these severe thunderstorm environmental conditions …
Connection Between Spring Conditions And Peak Summer Monsoon Rainfall In South America: Role Of Soil Moisture, Surface Temperature, And Topography In Eastern Brazil, Alice M. Grimm, Jeremy S. Pal, Filippo Giorgi
Connection Between Spring Conditions And Peak Summer Monsoon Rainfall In South America: Role Of Soil Moisture, Surface Temperature, And Topography In Eastern Brazil, Alice M. Grimm, Jeremy S. Pal, Filippo Giorgi
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Works
A link between peak summer monsoon rainfall in central-east Brazil, composing part of the South American monsoon core region, and antecedent conditions in spring is disclosed. Rainfall in this region during part of spring holds a significant inverse correlation with rainfall in peak summer, especially during ENSO years. A surface–atmosphere feedback hypothesis is proposed to explain this relationship: low spring precipitation leads to low spring soil moisture and high late spring surface temperature; this induces a topographically enhanced low-level anomalous convergence and cyclonic circulation over southeast Brazil that enhances the moisture flux from northern and central South America into central-east …
Storm Effects On Regional Beach Water Quality Along The Southern California Shoreline, Rachel T. Nobel, Stephen B. Weisberg, Molly K. Leecaster, Charles D. Mcgee, John Dorsey, Patricia Vainik, Victoria Orozco-Borbón
Storm Effects On Regional Beach Water Quality Along The Southern California Shoreline, Rachel T. Nobel, Stephen B. Weisberg, Molly K. Leecaster, Charles D. Mcgee, John Dorsey, Patricia Vainik, Victoria Orozco-Borbón
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Works
Two regional studies conducted during dry weather demonstrated that the Southern California Bight (SCB) shoreline has good water quality, except near areas that drain land-based runoff. Here, we repeat those regional studies 36 h after a rainstorm to assess the influence of runoff under high flow conditions. Two hundred and fifty-four shoreline sites between Santa Barbara, California and Ensenada, Mexico were sampled using a stratified-random sampling design with four strata: sandy beaches, rocky shoreline, shoreline adjacent to urban runoff outlets that flow intermittently, and shoreline adjacent to outlets that flow year-round. Each site was sampled for total coliforms, fecal coliforms …