Rehabilitation and Therapy Commons^™

Effects Of Voluntary Breathing On Force Responses To Electrical Stimulation (Es) Of Finger Extensors : A Pilot Study, Shang Li, W. H. Park, Elizabeth Ikeda, Charles Leonard

Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science Faculty Publications

Voluntary breathing can influence motor functions of non-respiratory skeletal muscles, e.g., finger muscles. The influence was proposed to be mediated by the ventilation-associated enhancement on corticospinal excitability of the finger muscles, possibly including spinal mechanisms. Force responses to electrical stimulation include spinal mechanisms. The purpose was to investigate the potential spinal mechanism mediating the voluntary breathing effects on responses of finger extension forces to electrical stimulation. A single-pulse electrical stimulation of the same intensity was delivered to the extensor digitorum communis (EDC) during voluntary breathing (forced inspiration, IN and force expiration, OUT) and normal breathing (Norm) across various submaximal levels …

Myotonometric Measurements Of Muscle During Changes In Gravitational Forces, Charles Leonard, Daniel L. Feeback, James Sykes, Eric Kruger

Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science Faculty Publications

Goal: Assess operational characteristics and reliability of the Myotonometer, a portable medical device that quantifies muscle tone and strength, while gravitational forces are changing.

Correlation Between Impairment And Motor Performance During Reaching Tasks In Subjects With Spastic Hemiparesis, Charles Leonard, Kelsey A. Gardipee, Jennifer R. Koontz, John-Henry Anderson, Scott A. Wilkins

Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science Faculty Publications

Objective: The main purposes of this study were to examine, in subjects with chronic hemiparesis following a stroke: (i) the correlations between tests of muscle tone, stiffness, spasticity, paresis and co-contraction, and (ii) the correlations of these tests and measurements of impairment to upper extremity motor performance.

Design: Prospective, cross-sectional, correlation matrix using sample of convenience.

Subjects: Thirteen subjects with chronic hemiparesis secondary to a cerebrovascular accident (stroke) were tested.

Methods: Subjects were assessed using the Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity Motor Assessment, modified Ashworth scale, deep tendon reflexes, and muscle characteristics that included quantification of muscle stiffness, paresis and co-contraction during …

Early Quadriceps Strength Loss After Total Knee Arthroplasty : The Contributions Of Muscle Atrophy And Failure Of Voluntary Muscle Activation, Ryan L. Mizner, Stephanie C. Petterson, Jennifer E. Stevens, Krista Vandenborne, Lynn Snyder-Mackler

Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science Faculty Publications

While total knee arthroplasty reduces pain and provides a functional range of motion of the knee, quadriceps weakness and reduced functional capacity typically are still present one year after surgery. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the role of failure of voluntary muscle activation and muscle atrophy in theearly loss of quadriceps strength after surgery.

Comparison Of Surface Electromyography And Myotonometric Measurements During Voluntary Isometric Contractions, Charles Leonard, Jason S. Brown, Timothy R. Price, Susan A. Queen, Eugene L. Mikhailenok

Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science Faculty Publications

Objectives: Muscle stiffness increases during muscle contraction.The purpose of this study was to determine the strength of the correlation between myotonometric measurements of muscle stiffness and surface electromyography (sEMG) measurements during various levels of voluntary isometric contractions of the biceps brachii muscle. Subjects: Eight subjects (four female; four male), with mean age of 30:6 ± 8:23 years, volunteered to participate in this study. Methods: Myotonometer and sEMG measurements were taken simultaneously from the right biceps brachii muscle.Data were obtained: (1) at rest, (2) while the subject held a 15 lb (6.8 kg) weight isometrically and, (3) during a maximal voluntary …

Examination And Management Of Spasticity And Weakness, Charles Leonard

Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science Faculty Publications

ln this paper information pertaining to the teaching, within a MS physical therapy curriculum, of the concepts of "spasticity" and "weakness" is presented.These concepts are taught in 2 required and 1 elective course, which span the 2-year program. Students are expected to develop both physical mastery of the skills necessary to treat, confidently and efficiently, as well as the ability to critically analyze each examination and intervention procedure. Four questions are used to guide the students as they learn the material pertaining to examination and intervention. (1) What is the theoretical rationale? (2) Is there basic science evidence that is …

Antagonist Muscle Inhibition During Voluntary And Automatic Movements: Implications For Clinical Intervention, Charles Leonard, Charles Leonard, T. Matsumoto, P. M. Diedrich, J. A. Mcmillan

Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science Faculty Publications

Various rehabilitation techniques encourage eliciting automatic reactions in the hope that muscle activations elicited in this way will influence voluntary movement. Unlike voluntary movements that consist of willed initiation and involvement of descending corticofugal and and basal ganglia pathways, automatic postural reactions resulting from external perturbations primarily involve peripheral receptors arising from the vestibular apparatus, muscles, joints, and eyes. We were interested to determine whether voluntary and automatic movements, which are initiated very differently, involved similar temporal activation of muscles and the same pattern of reciprocal inhibition between agonist and antagonist motor neuron pools.

Afferent Convergence From Divergent Sources Appears To Enhance The Spastic Patient's Ability To Inhibit Antagonist Motoneurons During An Agonist Contraction, Charles Leonard, P. M. Diedrich, T. Matsumoto, G. Kerr

Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science Faculty Publications

Spasticity and excessive muscular cocontraction during movement are common impairments following upper motor neuron (UMN) lesions. For example, during voluntary ankle dorsiflexion, individuals with spastic type cerebral palsy (CP) do not inhibit the antagonist triceps surae motoneuron pool.