Women's Health Commons^™

The Association Between Parity, Infant Gender, Higher Level Of Paternal Education And Preterm Birth In Pakistan: A Cohort Study, Kiran Shaikh, Shahirose Sadrudin Premji, Marianne S. Rose, Ambreen Kazi, Shaneela Khowaja, Suzanne Tough

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Background:

High rates of antenatal depression and preterm birth have been reported in Pakistan. Self reported maternal stress and depression have been associated with preterm birth, however findings are inconsistent. Cortisol is a biological marker of stress and depression, and its measurement may assist in understanding the influence of self reported maternal stress and depression on preterm birth.

Methods:

In a prospective cohort study pregnant women between 28 to 30 weeks of gestation from the Aga Khan Hospital for Women and Children completed the A-Z Stress Scale and the Centre for Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale to assess stress and depression …

Comparative Predictive Value Of Three Prognostic Markers--S-Phase Fraction, Pcna And Mitotic Count On Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis In Carcinoma Breast, Shahid Pervez, Muhammad Nadeem Khan, Muhammad Israr Nasir

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background: Axillary lymph node metastasis is the single most important prognostic factor in carcinoma of the breast. Therefore, prognostic markers that may reliably predict probability of lymph node (LN) metastases are of great value. This study was conducted to compare the predictive value of two novel prognostic / proliferative markers i.e. S-phase fraction (SPF) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in parallel with mitotic index.

Methods: Data of consecutive cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) breast diagnosed from July 2003 to July 2004 at the section of the Histopathology, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, were reviewed. A total of …

Women’S Health In Developing Countries, Javed Rizvi, Nadeem F. Zuberi

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Healthcare priorities are different in developing and developed countries. A more effective resource allocation, complemented by efforts to implement only those practices that are effective, should be a priority for improving reproductive health services in developing countries. A large burden of gynaecological disease exists in developing countries and it is difficult to envisage serious reforms and improvements without an increase in public-sector spending. However, communities themselves could assume some responsibility for women's health in ways that prioritize women's own perceptions and primary needs. In this chapter we have compiled existing evidence regarding various gynaecological problems faced by women in developing …

Frequency And Characteristics Of Breast Lymphomas Presenting To A Tertiary Care Hospital, Pakistan, Nausheen Yaqoob, Shahid Pervez, Naila Kayani, Rashida Ahmed, Zubair Ahmed, Sheema Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: To assess the relative frequency of (primary and secondary) mammary lymphomas presenting to a tertiary care hospital, Pakistan and its categorization according to WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms.

Methods: All NHLs (nodal and extra nodal) diagnosed in the section of histopathology during 1992-2004 were retrieved and reviewed. All patients (n=30) diagnosed with lymphomatous involvement of the breast were selected. Distinction between primary and secondary breast lymphomas was not made owing to lack of availability of clinical information.

Results: A total of 5637 breast malignancies were diagnosed in our department during the study period of 10 years and the total …

Breast Diseases: A Histopathological Analysis Of 3279 Cases At A Tertiary Care Center In Pakistan, M. S. Siddiqui, Naila Kayani, Shahid Pervez, S. A. Aziz, S. Muzaffar, Z. Setna, M. Israr, S. H. Hasan, M. S. Gill

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: To know the frequency of breast diseases in Pakistani females.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 3279 breast specimens received over a period of 4 years (1 993-1996) at the department of pathology, the Aga Khan University Hospital.

Results: Out of a total of 3279 breast specimens, common breast lesions included infiltrating duct carcinoma 37%, followed by fibro adenoma 16.95%, fibrocystic change13.96%, mastitis 6.83% and duct ectasia 5.33%. Majority of the cases of infiltrating duct carcinoma were encountered in the 5th and 6th decades of life. Tumour size was 2 or >2 cms. in 93% of cases and 40% of …

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (Egfr) As A Prognostic Marker: An Immunohistochemical Study On 315 Consecutive Breast Carcinoma Patients, S. A. Aziz, Shahid Pervez, N. Kayani, M. H. Rahbar, S. Khan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: To assess the independent and interdependent prognostic value of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in carcinoma of breast in female population. The Type I family of growth factor receptors includes epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR also known as EGFRI).

Methods: The expression of EGFR protein was analysed immunohistochemically on 315 tumour specimens of infiltrating ductal carcinoma of breast. These patients also had axillary lymph nodes sampling.

Results: Overexpression and/or amplification of EGFR was observed in 70 (22.00%) tumours. Eleven (16%) were grade I, 43 (61%) grade II and 16 (23%) grade Ill tumours. Axillary lymph node metastasis had significant …

Dna Ploidy Analysis Of Borderline Epithelial Ovarian Tumours, Saba Lodhi, Sabeen Najam, Shahid Pervez

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: Borderline epithelial ovarian tumors not uncommonly pose a great difficulty to surgical pathologists as morphologically they may show very similar features as those of malignant epithelial tumors except invasion. However it is important to separate these from their invasive counterparts because of their superior prognosis. Recently, attention has been focussed on the prognostic value of flow cytometric analysis of DNA ploidy in borderline epithelial ovarian tumors. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether flow cytometric analysis of cellular DNA content acts as a useful adjunct to the histopathological diagnosis of borderline malignancy.

Materials and Methods: Fifteen histologically …

Diagnostic Evaluation Of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology In The Management Of Palpable Breast Lesions, S. H. Shah, Naila Kayani, S. H. Hasan, I. N. Soomro, Shahid Pervez, A. S. Hussainy

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

A total of 113 fine needle aspirates of the breast masses were evaluated in which the subsequent biopsy or mastectomy specimen were also available for histological examination. The age ranged from 16 to 80 years with a mean of 42 years. In benign conditions the mean age was 34.7 years while in malignant cases it was 48 years. The cytological diagnoses were compared with the histological results which revealed that the specificity and sensitivity of fine needle aspiration cytology in the palpable breast lesions was 86.1% and 89.2% respectively with a positive predictive value of 93% and efficiency of 88.2%. …

Aggressive Angiomyxoma Of Vulva, Farrukh Aijaz, Shahid Pervez, Shehnaz Wasti, Sheema H. Hassan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.