Epidemiology Commons^™

Preventing Cardiovascular Disease In Kentucky: Epidemiology, Trends, And Strategies For The Future, Sarah Sartini Rugg, Alison L. Bailey, Steven R. Browning

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States despite dramatic improvements in the treatment of heart disease in recent years. Kentucky leads the nation in the prevalence of several individual risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the prevalence of multiple risk factors, and in cardiovascular mortality. While trends in the prevalence of some of these cardiac risk factors have shown improvement, others have remained unchanged or have worsened. The increased prevalence of obesity and diabetes, especially among young persons, is one of the most worrisome trends. The prevalence of smoking in Kentucky remains high, and has …

Lower Adherence To Screening Mammography Guidelines Among Ethnic Minority Women In America: A Meta-Analytic Review, Rebecca J. Purc-Stephenson, Kevin M. Gorey

Social Work Publications

OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the association between ethnic minority status and receiving a screening mammogram within the past 2 years among American women over 50.

METHOD: The findings from 33 studies identified from interdisciplinary research databases (1980 to 2006) were synthesized. Separate pooled analyses compared white non-Hispanics to African Americans (28 outcomes), Hispanics (18 outcomes), and Asian/Pacific Islanders (10 outcomes).

RESULTS: Using the random effects model, results showed that African Americans were screened less than white non-Hispanics at a marginal level (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.75, 1.00). Larger and significant discrepancies were observed for Hispanics (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.50, …

Cancer Survival In Ontario, 1986-2003: Evidence Of Equitable Advances Across Most Diverse Urban And Rural Places, Kevin M. Gorey

Social Work Publications

OBJECTIVES: This study examined whether place and socio-economic status had differential effects on the survival of women diagnosed with breast cancer in Ontario during the 1980s and the 1990s.

METHODS: The Ontario Cancer Registry provided 29,934 primary malignant breast cancer cases. Successive historical cohorts (1986-1988 and 1995-1997) were, respectively, followed until 1994 and 2003. Diverse places were compared: the greater metropolitan Toronto area, other cities, ranging in size from 50,000 to a million people, smaller towns and villages, and rural and remote areas. Socio-economic data for each woman's residence at the time of diagnosis were taken from population censuses.

RESULTS: …

Suicides Among Farmers In Three Southeastern States, 1990-1998, Steven R. Browning, Susan C. Westneat, Robert H. Mcknight

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Several studies have documented higher rates of suicide among farmers in comparison to other occupational groups, both in the U.S. and internationally. The purpose of this study is to describe the epidemiology of farmer suicides in three southeastern states (Kentucky, North Carolina, and South Carolina) during the nine-year period 1990-1998. Electronic death certificate data were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics. Over the nine-year period, there were 590 deaths related to suicide (E-codes: 950-959) among farmers (occupation codes: 473, 474, 475, 477, and 479) in the states of Kentucky, North Carolina, and South Carolina. The results of this …

Foreign-Body Reaction Mimicking Postneurosurgical Infection After Cranioplasty, David Brett-Major, Sean M. Baraniak, Jonathan E. Gilhooly, Rebecca L. Christensen, Gerald T. Grant, Rocco A. Armonda, Anuradha Ganesan

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

The case of a 57-year-old woman who suffered a fall is presented. After a polymethyl malacrylate revision cranioplasty, she presented with signs, symptoms, and intraoperative findings consistent with postneurosurgical infection. Dural foreign-body reaction was diagnosed, and parenteral antibiotic therapy was discontinued successfully.