Public Health Commons^™

Rapid Rhino Vs. Merocel: A Retrospective Analysis Of Patients With Anterior Epistaxis Visiting Emergency Rooms In London, Ontario, Dhatri Shukla

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

When patients present to an emergency room (ER) with a nosebleed, one technique that physicians employ is the application of nasal packing. Merocel is a common nasal pack utilized in ER because of their low cost. Rapid Rhino is a nasal packing that is more comfortable for patients but is more costly than Merocel. Costing for epistaxis treatment is more than initial treatment costs and needs to consider rebleed rates. Using a retrospective cohort study design with covariates adjusted by propensity scores, we compared the costs associated with Merocel, and Rapid Rhino from the hospital and provincial healthcare perspectives. Merocel …

Population-Based Studies On Medications And Fall-Related Injury In Older Adults, Yu Ming

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Background: Fall-related injuries in older adults result in serious consequences to individuals and health care system, especially with the increasing aging population. The purpose of this study was to (1) describe medication prescription patterns within one year prior to fall-related injuries; (2) identify medication classes prescribed within 30 days prior to the injury that were associated to fall-related injury; and (3) examine the association between fall-related injuries and continuous use or new initiation of most commonly prescribed medications.

Methods: Studies used administrative health care data in Ontario. Study 1 described the frequency of medications prescribed to older adults within one …

Primary Health Service Use By Mothers And Children From London-Middlesex, Ontario, Catherine Holtz

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Primary health service use (P-HSU) may be influenced by predisposing and enabling factors measured at individual- and contextual-levels but is equitable when driven by need factors. Objectives: 1) Estimate the effect of residential location on maternal and child P-HSU; 2) Assess P-HSU inequity by determining whether the effects of need factors on P-HSU are dependent on predisposing and enabling factors; 3) Describe perceived unmet healthcare needs in the maternal-child population observed to have inequitable P-HSU. Methodology: The sample of 1451 mother-child pairs was from a prenatal cohort recruited from London, Ontario between 2002 and 2004, with follow-up until children were …

Screening For Adult Adhd In Ontario: A Cross-Sectional Study Examining Sex Differences, Mental Health Correlates And Substance Use, Deanne Daigle

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The vast majority of studies on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are based on samples with inherent age, sex, and referral biases. Therefore, the current study used population-based data to 1) estimate the prevalence of adult ADHD (as well as previous diagnosis and medication use using an ADHD screener) and co-occurring psychiatric distress and substance use in Ontario 2) examine the sex differences in ADHD screening status and co-occurring psychiatric distress and substance use and 3) model ADHD screening status as a risk factor for psychiatric distress using the 2011 cycle of the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Monitor. A positive …