Sports Medicine Commons^™

Breast Injury During Sport Participation, Laura J. Smith, Tamara Eichelberger, Elizabeth Miller, Edward J Kane

Athletic Training Collection

A recent study found that almost half (47.9%), of female college athletes participating in basketball, soccer, volleyball and softball (n = 194) suffered a breast injury during their college career with less than 10% reporting their injury to health personnel with only 2.1% receiving treatment ^[1]. Breast injury in female athletes is under-reported and is lacking a much-needed level of awareness in sport. If there is a void in awareness of breast injuries and in reporting breast injuries, preventive measures as well as any potential sequela from the injury will not be given the necessary attention.

Femoroacetabular Impingement As A Complication Of Acetabular Fracture Fixation, David A. Zuelzer, Christopher B. Hayes, Raymond D. Wright, Stephen T. Duncan

Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Faculty Publications

Case

We present the case of a thirteen-year-old female who sustained a posterior wall acetabular fracture dislocation. She underwent urgent closed reduction and subsequent uncomplicated open reduction and internal fixation. Post reduction computed tomography demonstrated a concentrically reduced hip joint with no evidence of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). She subsequently healed her fracture and returned to running activities; however, one year later presented with aching pain in her thigh. Radiographs demonstrated the development of a large osseous prominence on her anterolateral femoral neck consistent with femoroacetabular impingement. Based on these findings she was evaluated by a hip preservation specialist. She subsequently …

Stress Fractures Of The Elbow In The Throwing Athlete: A Systematic Review., Shelby R. Smith, Nirav K. Patel, Alex E. White, Christopher J Hadley, Christopher C. Dodson

Rothman Institute Faculty Papers

Background: Stress fractures of the elbow are rare in throwing athletes and present a challenge from both a management and rehabilitation perspective. Although the incidence of stress fractures of the elbow is increasing, there is a lack of data in the literature focused on throwers.

Purpose: To evaluate studies regarding the management and outcomes of stress fractures of the elbow in throwing athletes.

Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted by searching the Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane Library electronic databases to identify studies reporting on the management and outcomes of stress fractures in …

Energy And Nutrient Issues In Athletes With Spinal Cord Injury: Are They At Risk For Low Energy Availability?, Katherine Figel, Kelly Pritchett, Robert Pritchett, Elizabeth Broad

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Low energy availability (LEA) and nutrient intake have been well studied in able-bodied athletes, but there is a lack of research examining these issues amongst athletes with spinal cord injury (SCI). To date, there have been no studies that have examined energy availability (EA) amongst this population. Furthermore, athletes with SCI may experience unique challenges around nutrition that may increase their risk of LEA. This review will evaluate the literature and assess whether this population is at risk for LEA. Due to the limited research on this topic, sedentary individuals with SCI and para athletes were also included in this …

The Effect Of Abnormal Vitamin D Levels In Athletes., Jakub Sikora-Klak, Steven J Narvy, Justin Yang, Eric Makhni, F Daniel Kharrazi, Nima Mehran

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Vitamin D is a lipophilic prohormone integral to musculoskeletal, autoimmune, oncologic, cardiovascular, and mental health. Of particular importance to the orthopedic surgeon is the role of vitamin D in the regulation of bone mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. Although vitamin D-related skeletal pathologies are rare in industrialized nations, emerging research in the field has shown that most American adults have inadequate levels of vitamin D. Even among athletes, there is a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, which may place competitors at risk of stress fractures, illness, and delayed muscle recovery. Adequately identifying vitamin D-deficient individuals in need of …

Returners Exhibit Greater Jumping Performance Improvements During A Peaking Phase Compared With New Players On A Volleyball Team, Caleb D. Bazyler, Satoshi Mizuguchi, Ashley A. Kavanaugh, John J. Mcmahon, Paul Comfort, Michael H. Stone

ETSU Faculty Works

Purpose: To determine if jumping-performance changes during a peaking phase differed among returners and new players on a female collegiate volleyball team and to determine which variables best explained the variation in performance changes.

Methods: Fourteen volleyball players were divided into 2 groups—returners (n = 7) and new players (n = 7)—who completed a 5-wk peaking phase prior to conference championships. Players were tested at baseline before the preseason on measures of the vastus lateralis cross-sectional area using ultrasonography, estimated back-squat 1-repetition maximum, countermovement jump height (JH), and relative peak power on a force platform. Jumping performance, rating of perceived …

Injuries In The Chinese Arena Football League: American Versus Chinese Players., Tianwu Chen, Austin Wetzler, Scott Singer, Michael Feldman, David Rubenstein, Gunnar Gillespie, Shiyi Chen, Merrick Wetzler

Rothman Institute Faculty Papers

Background: Arena football is an indoor version of American football played in indoor arenas on a smaller field with 8 players per team. Only 1 study has evaluated injury rates in arena football, and no study had compared 2 distinct cohorts of players.

Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare injury rates in American versus Chinese athletes in the Chinese Arena Football League. Our hypothesis was that the rate of significant injuries (≥7 days of time lost from play) would be statistically significantly higher in Chinese athletes.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods: …

Spinal Cord Trauma: An Overview Of Normal Structure And Function, Primary And Secondary Mechanisms Of Injury, And Emerging Treatment Modalities, Daniel Morin

Senior Honors Theses

The structures of the spinal cord and vertebral column are designed to provide flexibility, while still providing ample protection for the spinal cord deep within. While it does offer remarkable protection against most routine trauma, the spinal cord is still vulnerable to high-force etiologies of trauma and may become damaged as a result. These events are referred to as primary injury. Following the initial injury, the body’s own physiological responses cause a cascade of deleterious effects, known as secondary injury. Secondary injury is a major therapeutic target in mitigating the effects of spinal cord injury (SCI), and much research is …

A Cross-Training Program Does Not Alter Self-Reported Physical Activity Levels In Elementary School Children, Melody L. White, Matthew S. Renfrow, Richards S. Farley, Dana K. Fuller, Brandi M. Eveland-Sayers, Jennifer L. Caputo

ETSU Faculty Works

The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of a school-based cross-training program on body mass index (BMI), attitudes toward physical activity (ATPA), and physical activity (PA) levels of children in the 4^th and 5^th grades. Children (N = 118) were divided into control (n = 60) and experimental (n = 58) groups based on class availability. While the control group continued academic classes as usual, the experimental group participated in cross-training involving resistance training (RT), calisthenics, and stretching twice a week for 10 weeks. Pre- and post-intervention measures included height, mass, ATPA, and PA. BMI …

Therapeutic Effects Of Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization And The Use In Athletic Populations: A Literature Review, Jenna Treloar

Honors Theses

This literature review examines the mechanism and application of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) in athletic populations. IASTM is a treatment technique used for soft tissue pathologies. Experimental studies have been performed to determine the effects of IASTM on range of motion, pain, and inflammation in upper and lower extremities. Conflicting evidence exists for the effect of IASTM on the inflammatory reparative process of the body while more evidence exists in support of the technique’s benefits on pain reduction and improvement in range of motion. Understanding the effects of IASTM on range of motion, pain, and inflammation may be useful …

Horse-Related Injuries: Causes, Preventability, And Where Educational Efforts Should Be Focused, Fernanda Camargo, William R. Gombeski Jr., Polly Barger, Connie Jehlik, Holly Wiemers, James Mead, Amy Lawyer

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

A high percentage of equestrians will experience accidents, with different degrees of severity, throughout their riding careers. Horse-related injuries have the highest likelihood of requiring hospitalization based on individuals visiting US emergency departments. Studies have shown that the majority of injured riders said they could have prevented the accident and the injury was due to rider/handler error. Therefore, equestrians reported their injuries, and a panel of experts analyzed these reports to better understand the causes, how to prevent, and where to invest educational resources to generate a reduction in horse-related accidents. The majority of riders reported intermediate riding skills, most …

Resting Hormone Alterations And Injuries: Block Vs. Dup Weight-Training Among D-1 Track And Field Athletes, Keith B. Painter, G. Gregory Haff, N. Travis Triplett, Charles Stuart, Guy Hornsby, Mike W. Ramsey, Caleb D. Bazyler, Michael H. Stone

ETSU Faculty Works

Daily undulating periodization (DUP), using daily alterations in repetitions, has been advocated as a superior method of resistance training, while traditional forms of programming for periodization (Block) have been questioned. Nineteen Division I track and field athletes were assigned to either a 10-week Block or DUP training group. Year and event were controlled. Over the course of the study, there were four testing sessions, which were used to evaluate a variety of strength characteristics, including maximum isometric strength, rate of force development, and one repetition maximum (1RM). Although, performance trends favored the Block group for strength and rate of force …

Evaluation Of Concussion Incidence And Modulating Factors In The 2013-2017 Australian Football League, Ryan Adams, George K. Lau, Jennifer B. Dai, Adam Y. Li, Kevin P. Cheung, Syed Haider, Alex Gometz

Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine (New York) Publications and Research

The increasing awareness and popularization of concussions in the research realm over the last few years have begun to shed more light on the detrimental effects associated with repetitive head trauma. While the majority of the current literature focuses on the National Football League (NFL) and National Hockey League (NHL), several other high-impact sports have been implementing concussion management protocols to protect their players. The Australian Football League (AFL) is a prime example of a major contact sport that has undertaken recent changes to its concussion assessment and management modalities. We recognize the benefit of reporting potential changes in concussion …

Performance Indicators In Club Level Gaelic Football, Kevin Mcguigan, Mike Hughes, Denise Martin

Articles

Over 2000 Gaelic Football clubs compete annually for the honour of playing in the All-Ireland club finals in Croke Park in front of up to 30,000 people. There are no published performance data for club level Gaelic football, despite evidence of considerable performance analysis activity. This study aims to establish benchmark profiles for Senior, Intermediate and Junior grade club Gaelic football and investigate which variables are most closely associated with winning.

Data from all tiers of the Ulster club football championship of 2015 and 2016 (n = 48) were analysed using a range of validated operational definitions measuring 17 …

Analytical Cpg Model Driven By Limb Velocity Input Generates Accurate Temporal Locomotor Dynamics, Sergiy Yakovenko, Anton Sobinov, Valeriya Gritsenko

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The ability of vertebrates to generate rhythm within their spinal neural networks is essential for walking, running, and other rhythmic behaviors. The central pattern generator (CPG) network responsible for these behaviors is well-characterized with experimental and theoretical studies, and it can be formulated as a nonlinear dynam- ical system. The underlying mechanism responsible for locomotor behavior can be expressed as the process of leaky integration with resetting states generating appropriate phases for changing body velocity. The low-dimensional input to the CPG model generates the bilateral pattern of swing and stance modulation for each limb and is consistent with the desired …

Resting Hormone Alterations And Injuries: Block Vs. Dup Weight-Training Among D-1 Track And Field Athletes, Keith B. Painter, G Gregory Haff, N Travis Triplett, Chales Stuart, Guy Hornsby, Mike W. Ramsey, Caleb D. Bazyler, Michael H. Stone

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Daily undulating periodization (DUP), using daily alterations in repetitions, has been advocated as a superior method of resistance training, while traditional forms of programming for periodization (Block) have been questioned. Nineteen Division I track and field athletes were assigned to either a 10-week Block or DUP training group. Year and event were controlled. Over the course of the study, there were four testing sessions, which were used to evaluate a variety of strength characteristics, including maximum isometric strength, rate of force development, and one repetition maximum (1RM). Although, performance trends favored the Block group for strength and rate of force …

Enhanced Skeletal Muscle Ribosome Biogenesis, Yet Attenuated Mtorc1 And Ribosome Biogenesis-Related Signalling, Following Short-Term Concurrent Versus Single-Mode Resistance Training, Jackson J. Fyfe, David J. Bishop, Jonathan D. Bartlett, Erik D. Hanson, Mitchell J. Anderson, Andrew P. Garnham, Nigel K. Stepto

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Combining endurance training with resistance training (RT) may attenuate skeletal muscle hypertrophic adaptation versus RT alone; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We investigated changes in markers of ribosome biogenesis, a process linked with skeletal muscle hypertrophy, following concurrent training versus RT alone. Twenty-three males underwent eight weeks of RT, either performed alone (RT group, n = 8), or combined with either high-intensity interval training (HIT+RT group, n = 8), or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT+RT group, n = 7). Muscle samples (vastus lateralis) were obtained before training, and immediately before, 1 h and 3 h after the final training session. …

Active And Inactive Leg Hemodynamics During Sequential Single-Leg Interval Cycling, Nicole Gordon, Chris R. Abbiss, Mohammed Ihsan, Andrew J. Maiorana, Jeremiah J. Peiffer

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Introduction Leg order during sequential single-leg cycling (i.e., exercising both legs independently within a single session) may affect local muscular responses potentially influencing adaptations. This study examined the cardiovascular and skeletal muscle hemodynamic responses during double-leg and sequential single-leg cycling. Methods Ten young healthy adults (28 ± 6 yr) completed six 1-min double-leg intervals interspersed with 1 min of passive recovery and, on a separate occasion, 12 (six with one leg followed by six with the other leg) 1-min single-leg intervals interspersed with 1 min of passive recovery. Oxygen consumption, heart rate, blood pressure, muscle oxygenation, muscle blood volume, and …

Complex Training And Countermovement Jump Performance Across Multiple Sets: Effect Of Back Squat Intensity, Nick Poulos, Anic Chaouachi, Martin Buchheit, Denis Slimani, Greg Haff, Robert Newton

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the acute effects of back squats on countermovement jump performance across multiple sets using a strength-power potentiation complex training protocol. Fifteen elite volleyball players performed three unloaded countermovement jumps (CMJ) following three repetitions of the back squat performed at either 65% or 87% of 1-RM, respectively, repeated for 10 sets. A control session of three CMJs was also repeated for 10 sets. Mean jump height performance was enhanced compared to performing CMJs only irrespective of which intensity was used (65% 1-RM: +3.3 ± 2.2% [CI: 1.0 to 5.6]; 87% 1-RM: 2.6 ± …

Intrarater Reliability And Agreement Of The Physioflow Bioimpedance Cardiography Device During Rest, Moderate And High-Intensity Exercise, Nicole Gordon, Chris R. Abbiss, Andrew J. Maiorana, Kieran J. Marston, Jeremiah J. Peiffer

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The PhysioFlow bioimpedance cardiography device provides key measures of central systolic and diastolic and peripheral vascular function. Many of these variables have not been assessed for intrarater reliability and agreement during rest, submaximal exercise and high-intensity interval exercise. Twenty healthy adults (age: 26±4 years) completed two identical trials beginning with five minutes of rest followed by two 5-minute submaximal cycling bouts at 50% and 70% of peak power output. Subjects then completed ten 30-second cycling intervals at 90% of peak power output interspersed with 60 s of passive recovery. Bioimpedance cardiography (PhysioFlow; Manatec Biomedical, France) monitored heart rate, stroke volume, …

Effect Of Water Immersion Temperature On Heart Rate Variability Following Exercise In The Heat, Hui C. Choo, Kazunori Nosaka, Jeremiah J. Peiffer, Mohammed Ihsan, Chow C. Yeo, Chris R. Abbiss

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This study compared the effect of passive rest (CON) and water immersion at 8.6±0.2°C (CWI9), 14.6±0.3°C (CWI15) and 35.0±0.4°C (thermoneutral water immersion [TWI]) on post-exercise heart rate variability (HRV) indices. In a climate chamber (32.8±0.4°C, 32±5% relative humidity), nine men completed 25 min of cycling at the first ventilatory threshold and repeated 30-second bouts at 90% of peak power followed by a 5-minute recovery treatment in a randomised crossover manner. All water immersion re-established the HRV indices (natural logarithm of the square root of the mean sum squared differences between RR intervals [ln rMSSD], low-frequency [lnLF] and high-frequency power densities …

Recreational Soccer As Sport Medicine For Middle-Aged And Older Adults: A Systematic Review, Hao Luo, Robert U. Newton, Fadi Ma'ayah, Daniel A. Galvao, Dennis R. Taaffe

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background Strategies to prevent or attenuate the age-related decline in physical and physiological function and reduce chronic disease risk factors are of clinical importance.

Objective To examine the health benefits of recreational soccer in middle-aged and older adults.

Design Systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Data sources All available records up until 9 June 2017 in PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library databases.

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies All randomised trials with or without a control group (randomised controlled trials or randomised uncontrolled trials) …

The Demands Of A Women's College Soccer Season, Jeremy A. Gentles, Christine L. Coniglio, Matthew M. Besemer, Joshua M. Morgan, Michael T. Mahnken

ETSU Faculty Works

No abstract provided.