Radiology Commons^™

From Mathematics To Medicine: A Practical Primer On Topological Data Analysis (Tda) And The Development Of Related Analytic Tools For The Functional Discovery Of Latent Structure In Fmri Data, Andrew Salch, Adam Regalski, Hassan Abdallah, Raviteja Suryadevara, Michael J. Catanzaro, Vaibhav A. Diwadkar

Mathematics Faculty Research Publications

fMRI is the preeminent method for collecting signals from the human brain in vivo, for using these signals in the service of functional discovery, and relating these discoveries to anatomical structure. Numerous computational and mathematical techniques have been deployed to extract information from the fMRI signal. Yet, the application of Topological Data Analyses (TDA) remain limited to certain sub-areas such as connectomics (that is, with summarized versions of fMRI data). While connectomics is a natural and important area of application of TDA, applications of TDA in the service of extracting structure from the (non-summarized) fMRI data itself are heretofore nonexistent. …

Incidental Finding Of Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return Of The Left Upper Lobe, A Rare Anatomical Variation, Anika Dutta, Loren Zuiderveld

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) is a rare congenital abnormality in which 1 to 3 of the pulmonary veins connect to the right atrium rather than the left atrium. In this synthesis of the literature on PAPVR of the left upper lobe, we attempt to illustrate this clinical entity using a case detected incidentally on chest computed tomography, explain the anatomical aspects of this anomaly, and summarize the reported incidence and etiology of left-sided PAPVR. Lastly, differential diagnoses, clinical relevance, and management of left-sided PAPVR are presented. The identification of this variant is important, as it may have serious …

The Application Of Point-Of-Care Ultrasound In Ed Intubations And Airway Access: A Systematic Review, Frank Wheeler, James Espinosa, Alan Lucerna, Jeffrey Gardecki

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Intubation is an essential procedure performed on a routine basis in the emergency room. Unsuccessful intubations are associated with deleterious outcomes. A systematic review was performed to investigate the accuracy of point of care ultrasound (POCUS) in successful Endotracheal Tube (ET) tube confirmation, utilizing ultrasonography, identification of the cricothyroid membrane utilizing ultrasound, and dynamically during use of ultrasonography in the process of intubation. This review demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for ultrasound confirmation of ET tube placement, high success rate in ultrasound-guided intubation, and lower than expected accuracy in identifying the cricothyroid membrane. Ultrasonography should be considered for ET tube …

Guided Imagery And Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Pain, Brandy Alicia Kirk

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

The standard of care in the treatment for women diagnosed with breast cancer includes identification and biopsy of the sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) of the breast (Chaterjee et al., 2017; Kneece, 2017). The process of identifying the SLNs involves radioisotope injections into or near the areola. Because this area is highly sensitive, women report this procedure to be considerably painful. The purpose of this evidence-based practice (EBP) project was to determine if the provision of a 5-minute session of guided imagery (GI), as a complementary alternative medicine, prior to SLN injections was effective in mitigating reports of procedural pain. A …

Imaging Based Prediction Of Pathology In Adult Diffuse Glioma With Applications To Therapy And Prognosis, Evan Gates

Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)

The overall aggressiveness of a glioma is measured by histologic and molecular analysis of tissue samples. However, the well-known spatial heterogeneity in gliomas limits the ability for clinicians to use that information to make spatially specific treatment decisions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) visualizes and assesses the tumor. But, the exact degree to which MRI correlates with the actual underlying tissue characteristics is not known.

In this work, we derive quantitative relationships between imaging and underlying pathology. These relations increase the value of MRI by allowing it to be a better surrogate for underlying pathology and they allow evaluation of the …

Investigating Diffusion Tensor Imaging Correlates Of Cognitive Impairment In Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus And Alzheimer's Disease, Omar Hasan, Omar Hasan

Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)

Modest expansion of the human brain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-filled ventricles is normal with aging, and because of this, it can be difficult for physicians to accurately diagnose and treat enlarged ventricles (ventriculomegaly), called hydrocephalus¹ (fluid or water in the brain) Ventriculomegaly occurs due to an obstruction (such as a blood clot or tumor), or a change in CSF absorption². Primary hydrocephalus, also called idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), is non-obstructive and may be comorbid with other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Clinically, it can be difficult to tell whether the pathophysiological …

C25: The “Spot Sign”: A Predictor Of Hematoma Expansion, Mckenzie Merritt

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Focused Ultrasound-Mediated Drug Delivery To The Brainstem, Dezhuang Ye

McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Brainstem gliomas are tumors that occur in the brainstem, the brain region that connects the brain to the spinal cord and controls vital body functions. The critical anatomic location of the brainstem precludes surgical intervention and limits the use of invasive therapeutic techniques. Moreover, the frequently intact blood-brain barrier (BBB) of most brainstem gliomas prevents therapeutic agents from reaching the diseased site. The currently available techniques for brain drug delivery are either invasive (e.g., convection-enhanced delivery) or lack targeting to the diseased site (e.g., intranasal brain drug delivery). Novel techniques that can noninvasively overcome the BBB are critically needed for …

Mri-Guided Breast Biopsy, Makayla Franko

Medical Imaging Senior Posters

This project explains the role MRI has in performing breast biopsies. MR imaging is used along with mammogram and ultrasound to detect and monitor lesions. Traditional imaging of the breast is explained to understand how images of the breast are obtained. The grade of the lesion and how the lesion is found indicates the type of biopsy performed. MRI provides superior visibility for lesions within the breast. MRI-guided breast biopsies are indicated in patients with lesions only visible on MRI. The equipment required for an MRI-guided breast biopsy includes the breast coil, grid, and vacuum-assisted breast biopsy apparatus. Experienced breast …

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (Tavr), Emily Wentzel

Student Research Poster Presentations 2021

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR)

Emily Wentzel

Lynn Blazaskie

Abstract

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement, or TAVR, is a procedure that is performed when a patient is in need of a new aortic valve. This is a procedure done to relieve symptoms of aortic stenosis. TAVR first began in France in 2002 and came to the United States in 2005. Cardiac Catheterization is the modality that is utilized in order to perform this procedure along with a cardiac catheterization team. The team includes cardiac catheterization technologists, doctors, nurses, cardiovascular surgeons, and ultrasound technologists. Cardiac Catheterization is a minor surgical procedure that …

A Deep Learning U-Net For Detecting And Segmenting Liver Tumors, Vidhya Cardozo

Theses and Dissertations

Visualization of liver tumors on simulation CT scans is challenging even with contrast-enhancement, due to the sensitivity of the contrast enhancement to the timing of the CT acquisition. Image registration to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be helpful for delineation, but differences in patient position, liver shape and volume, and the lack of anatomical landmarks between the two image sets makes the task difficult. This study develops a U-Net based neural network for automated liver and tumor segmentation for purposes of radiotherapy treatment planning. Non-contrast simulation based abdominal CT axial scans of 52 patients with primary liver tumors were utilized. …

Cost Outcomes Of Physical Therapist Providers Compared To Primary Care Providers In The Treatment Of Musculoskeletal Patients In A Military Treatment Facility: A Retrospective Chart Review”, Troy E. Mcgill, Debra F. Stern, Morey J. Kolber, John Mcgee

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the cost of physical therapist (PT) management of patients with musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders to management by traditional primary care managers (PCMs); medical doctors (MDs), doctors of osteopathic medicine (DOs), advanced registered nurse practitioners (ARNPs), and physician assistants (PAs). Methods: This is a retrospective study of electronic medical records using an exploratory, non-experimental, cross-sectional, and quantitative design method. The records of patients with MSK disorders were assessed at an Air Force military medical clinic for 18 months from January 2016 through June 2017. Results: PT management of MSK patients resulted in a …