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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Ophthalmology
Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy Associated With Covid-19 Infection, James A. David, George D. Fivgas
Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy Associated With Covid-19 Infection, James A. David, George D. Fivgas
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Purpose: To report a case of bilateral acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN) associated with a COVID-19 infection. Observations: A 22-year-old female was referred for evaluation of bilateral scotomas concurrent with a mildly symptomatic COVID-19 infection. Exam showed normal visual acuity, bilateral reddish-brown petaloid retinal lesions which were hyporeflective on near infrared (NIR) optical coherence tomography (OCT), and had associated hypoperfusion of the deep vascular plexus on OCT-angiography (OCT-A) consistent with bilateral AMN. At follow-up, scotomas and retinal findings on near infrared imaging and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography had only slightly improved. Conclusions: COVID-19 has been documented to be the etiology of …
Survey Says: Shingrix Saves, Claire Holmes, Taylor Phelps, Maria Bernal
Survey Says: Shingrix Saves, Claire Holmes, Taylor Phelps, Maria Bernal
Medical Student Research Poster Symposium
Shingles (herpes zoster) results from reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus in spinal and cranial neurosensory ganglia. Nearly 1 in 3 people will develop shingles in their lifetime, with possible complications including hearing loss, vision loss, bacterial superinfection, and post- herpetic neuralgia. In 2006, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of the live attenuated Zostavax® vaccine for prevention of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Due to limitations in its use in immunocompromised individuals, a new non-live recombinant zoster vaccine (Shingrix®) became approved for use in 2017. In comparison to the Zostavax® vaccine, the Shingrix® vaccine has been …
Multiprong Control Of Glioblastoma Multiforme Invasiveness: Blockade Of Pro-Inflammatory Signaling, Anti-Angiogenesis, And Homeostasis Restoration, Nicolas G. Bazan, Madigan M. Reid, Valerie A.Cruz Flores, Juan E. Gallo, William Lewis, Ludmila Belayev
Multiprong Control Of Glioblastoma Multiforme Invasiveness: Blockade Of Pro-Inflammatory Signaling, Anti-Angiogenesis, And Homeostasis Restoration, Nicolas G. Bazan, Madigan M. Reid, Valerie A.Cruz Flores, Juan E. Gallo, William Lewis, Ludmila Belayev
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most invasive type of glial tumor with poor overall survival, despite advances in surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation. One of the main challenges in treating GBM is related to the tumor’s location, complex and heterogeneous biology, and high invasiveness. To meet the demand for oxygen and nutrients, growing tumors induce new blood vessels growth. Antibodies directed against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which promotes angiogenesis, have been developed to limit tumor growth. Bevacizumab (Avastin), an anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, is the first approved angiogenesis inhibitor with therapeutic promise. However, it has limited efficacy, likely due to …
Microrna‐146a‐5p, Neurotropic Viral Infection And Prion Disease (Prd), Aileen I. Pogue, Walter J. Lukiw
Microrna‐146a‐5p, Neurotropic Viral Infection And Prion Disease (Prd), Aileen I. Pogue, Walter J. Lukiw
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
The human brain and central nervous system (CNS) harbor a select sub‐group of potentially pathogenic microRNAs (miRNAs), including a well‐characterized NF‐kB‐sensitive Homo sapiens microRNA hsa‐miRNA‐146a‐5p (miRNA‐146a). miRNA‐146a is significantly over-expressed in progressive and often lethal viral‐ and prion‐mediated and related neurological syndromes associated with progressive inflammatory neurodegeneration. These include ~18 different viral‐induced encephalopathies for which data are available, at least ~10 known prion diseases (PrD) of animals and humans, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other sporadic and progressive age‐related neurological disorders. Despite the apparent lack of nucleic acids in prions, both DNA‐ and RNA‐containing viruses along with prions significantly induce miRNA‐146a …
Covid-19 Vaccines And Thrombosis—Roadblock Or Dead-End Street?, Kenneth Lundstrom, Debmalya Barh, Bruce D. Uhal, Kazuo Takayama, Alaa A.A. Aljabali, Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz, Amos Lal, Elrashdy M. Redwan, Parise Adadi, Gaurav Chauhan, Samendra P. Sherchan, Gajendra Kumar Azad, Nima Rezaei, Ángel Serrano-Aroca, Nicolas G. Bazan, Sk Sarif Hassan, Pritam Kumar Panda, Pabitra Pal Choudhury, Damiano Pizzol, Ramesh Kandimalla
Covid-19 Vaccines And Thrombosis—Roadblock Or Dead-End Street?, Kenneth Lundstrom, Debmalya Barh, Bruce D. Uhal, Kazuo Takayama, Alaa A.A. Aljabali, Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz, Amos Lal, Elrashdy M. Redwan, Parise Adadi, Gaurav Chauhan, Samendra P. Sherchan, Gajendra Kumar Azad, Nima Rezaei, Ángel Serrano-Aroca, Nicolas G. Bazan, Sk Sarif Hassan, Pritam Kumar Panda, Pabitra Pal Choudhury, Damiano Pizzol, Ramesh Kandimalla
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Two adenovirus-based vaccines, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and Ad26.COV2.S, and two mRNA-based vaccines, BNT162b2 and mRNA.1273, have been approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA), and are invaluable in preventing and reducing the incidence of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Recent reports have pointed to thrombosis with associated thrombocytopenia as an adverse effect occurring at a low frequency in some individuals after vaccination. The causes of such events may be related to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein interactions with different C-type lectin receptors, heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) and the CD147 receptor, or to different soluble splice variants of the spike protein, adenovirus vector interactions with the …
Microrna Heterogeneity, Innate-Immune Defense And The Efficacy Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection—A Commentary, Walter J. Lukiw
Microrna Heterogeneity, Innate-Immune Defense And The Efficacy Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection—A Commentary, Walter J. Lukiw
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a member of the genus Betacoronavirus in the family Coronaviridae, possesses an unusually large single-stranded viral RNA (ssvRNA) genome of about ~29,811 nucleotides (nt) that causes severe and acute respiratory distress and a highly lethal viral pneumonia known as COVID-19. COVID-19 also presents with multiple ancillary systemic diseases and often involves cardiovascular, inflammatory, and/or neurological complications. Pathological viral genomes consisting of ssvRNA, like cellular messenger RNA (mRNA), are susceptible to attack, destruction, neutralization, and/or modulation by naturally occurring small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) within the host cell, some of which are known as microRNAs (miRNAs). …
Elv-N32 And Rvd6 Isomer Decrease Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Senescence Programming, Ace2 And Sars-Cov-2-Spike Protein Rbd Binding In Injured Cornea, Thang L. Pham, Jiucheng He, Azucena H. Kakazu, Jorgelina Calandria, Khanh V. Do, Robert Nshimiyimana, Ting F. Lam, Nicos A. Petasis, Haydee E.P. Bazan, Nicolas G. Bazan
Elv-N32 And Rvd6 Isomer Decrease Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Senescence Programming, Ace2 And Sars-Cov-2-Spike Protein Rbd Binding In Injured Cornea, Thang L. Pham, Jiucheng He, Azucena H. Kakazu, Jorgelina Calandria, Khanh V. Do, Robert Nshimiyimana, Ting F. Lam, Nicos A. Petasis, Haydee E.P. Bazan, Nicolas G. Bazan
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a pandemic affecting the most vulnerable in society, triggering a public health crisis and economic collapse around the world. Effective treatments to mitigate this viral infection are needed. Since the eye is a route of virus entrance, we use an in vivo rat model of corneal inflammation as well as human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC) in culture challenged with IFNγ as models of the eye surface to study this issue. We explore ways to block the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 Spike …
Development Of Parameters Towards Voice Bifurcations, Takeshi Ikuma, Andrew J. Mcwhorter, Lacey Adkins, Melda Kunduk
Development Of Parameters Towards Voice Bifurcations, Takeshi Ikuma, Andrew J. Mcwhorter, Lacey Adkins, Melda Kunduk
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Pathological vocal folds are known to exhibit multiple oscillation patterns, depending on tissue imbalance, subglottal pressure level, and other factors. This includes mid-phonation changes due to bifurcations in the underlying voice source system. Knowledge of when changes in oscillation patterns occur is helpful in the assessments of voice disorders, and the knowledge could be transformed into useful objective measures. Mid-phonation bifurcations can occur in rapid succession; hence, a fast classification of oscillation pattern is critical to minimize the averaging of data across bifurcations. This paper proposes frequency-ratio based short-term measures, named harmonic disturbance factor (HDF) and biphonic index (BI), towards …
Elovanoids Downregulate Sars-Cov-2 Cell-Entry, Canonical Mediators And Enhance Protective Signaling In Human Alveolar Cells, Jorgelina M. Calandria, Surjyadipta Bhattacharjee, Nicholas J. Maness, Marie Audrey I. Kautzmann, Aram Asatryan, William C. Gordon, Khanh V. Do, Bokkyoo Jun, Pranab K. Mukherjee, Nicos A. Petasis, Nicolas G. Bazan
Elovanoids Downregulate Sars-Cov-2 Cell-Entry, Canonical Mediators And Enhance Protective Signaling In Human Alveolar Cells, Jorgelina M. Calandria, Surjyadipta Bhattacharjee, Nicholas J. Maness, Marie Audrey I. Kautzmann, Aram Asatryan, William C. Gordon, Khanh V. Do, Bokkyoo Jun, Pranab K. Mukherjee, Nicos A. Petasis, Nicolas G. Bazan
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
The pro-homeostatic lipid mediators elovanoids (ELVs) attenuate cell binding and entrance of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) as well as of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in human primary alveoli cells in culture. We uncovered that very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid precursors (VLC-PUFA, n-3) activate ELV biosynthesis in lung cells. Both ELVs and their precursors reduce the binding to RBD. ELVs downregulate angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and enhance the expression of a set of protective proteins hindering cell surface virus binding and upregulating defensive proteins against lung damage. In addition, ELVs and their precursors decreased the signal of spike (S) protein found in …
Optic Nerve Pit Maculopathy Worsened During Pregnancy: A Case Report, Laura A. Torrado-Cobian, George D. Fivgas
Optic Nerve Pit Maculopathy Worsened During Pregnancy: A Case Report, Laura A. Torrado-Cobian, George D. Fivgas
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Background: To report a case of Optic Disc Pit (ODP) maculopathy exacerbated during pregnancy. Case presentation: A 30-year-old female developed unilateral blurry vision at 10-weeks gestation. Ophthalmic examination revealed left eye reduced visual acuity (VA) with the presence of subretinal fluid temporal to the disc extending to the fovea. On Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) subretinal, and intraretinal fluid was confirmed. Laser photocoagulation was tried in an attempt to prevent surgical intervention without success; subsequently, pars plana vitrectomy, internal limiting membrane peel and gas tamponade was performed. Three-weeks later, a full thickness macular hole developed, and repeat surgery was …