Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Genetics (2)
- Physiology (2)
- Animals (1)
- Apicomplexa (1)
- Bacterial (1)
-
- Bacterial adhesion (1)
- Bacterial proteins (1)
- Biofilms (1)
- Biosynthesis (1)
- Bone marrow cells (1)
- Burkholderia pseudomallei (1)
- Cd4 t lymphocyte (1)
- Cornea (1)
- Dendritic cells (1)
- Dna transposable elements (1)
- Electron (1)
- Escherichia coli (1)
- Fimbriae (1)
- Gene deletion (1)
- Gene dosage (1)
- Gene expression regulation (1)
- Genetic complementation test (1)
- Growth & development (1)
- Herpesvirus 1 (1)
- Herpetic (1)
- Human (1)
- Immunity (1)
- Immunology (1)
- Infected cell (1)
- Insertional (1)
Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Ophthalmology
Corneal Replication Is An Interferon Response-Independent Bottleneck For Virulence Of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 In The Absence Of Virion Host Shutoff, Tracy J. Pasieka, Vineet D. Menachery, Pamela C. Rosato, David A. Leib
Corneal Replication Is An Interferon Response-Independent Bottleneck For Virulence Of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 In The Absence Of Virion Host Shutoff, Tracy J. Pasieka, Vineet D. Menachery, Pamela C. Rosato, David A. Leib
Dartmouth Scholarship
Herpes simplex viruses lacking the virion host shutoff function (Δvhs) are avirulent and hypersensitive to type I and type II interferon (IFN). In this study, we demonstrate that even in the absence of IFN responses in AG129 (IFN-αβγR−/−) mice, Δvhs remains highly attenuated via corneal infection but is fully virulent via intracranial infection. The data demonstrate that the interferon-independent inherent replication defect of Δvhs has a significant impact upon peripheral replication and neuroinvasion.
Chloroquine Treatment Of Arpe-19 Cells Leads To Lysosome Dilation And Intracellular Lipid Accumulation: Possible Implications Of Lysosomal Dysfunction In Macular Degeneration, Patrick M. Chen, Zoë J. Gombart, Jeff W. Chen
Chloroquine Treatment Of Arpe-19 Cells Leads To Lysosome Dilation And Intracellular Lipid Accumulation: Possible Implications Of Lysosomal Dysfunction In Macular Degeneration, Patrick M. Chen, Zoë J. Gombart, Jeff W. Chen
Dartmouth Scholarship
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss in elderly people over 60. The pathogenesis is still unclear. It has been suggested that lysosomal stress may lead to drusen formation, a biomarker of AMD. In this study, ARPE-19 cells were treated with chloroquine to inhibit lysosomal function. Chloroquine-treated ARPE-19 cells demonstrate a marked increase in vacuolation and dense intracellular debris. These are identified as chloroquine-dilated lysosomes and lipid bodies with LAMP-2 and LipidTOX co-localization, respectively. Dilation is an indicator of lysosomal dysfunction. Chloroquine disrupts uptake of exogenously applied rhodamine-labeled dextran by these cells. This suggests a disruption …
Cd4 T-Cell Suppression By Cells From Toxoplasma Gondii-Infected Retinas Is Mediated By Surface Protein Pd-L1, Elizabeth Charles, Sunil Joshi, John D. Ash, Barbara A. Fox
Cd4 T-Cell Suppression By Cells From Toxoplasma Gondii-Infected Retinas Is Mediated By Surface Protein Pd-L1, Elizabeth Charles, Sunil Joshi, John D. Ash, Barbara A. Fox
Dartmouth Scholarship
In the inflamed retina, CD4(+) T cells can cause retinal damage when they are not properly regulated. Since tissue expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and costimulatory molecules is a key mechanism for regulating effector T cells, we tested the hypothesis that upregulation of these proteins in the retina contributes to the regulation of CD4 T cells. Here we report that in retinas infected with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, MHC class II is upregulated on infiltrating leukocytes as well as on resident retinal cells, including photoreceptors. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that B7 costimulatory family members (CD80, CD86, …
A Serratia Marcescens Oxyr Homolog Mediates Surface Attachment And Biofilm Formation, Robert M. Q. Shanks, Nicholas A. Stella, Eric J. Kalivoda, Megan R. Doe
A Serratia Marcescens Oxyr Homolog Mediates Surface Attachment And Biofilm Formation, Robert M. Q. Shanks, Nicholas A. Stella, Eric J. Kalivoda, Megan R. Doe
Dartmouth Scholarship
OxyR is a conserved bacterial transcription factor with a regulatory role in oxidative stress response. From a genetic screen for genes that modulate biofilm formation in the opportunistic pathogen Serratia marcescens, mutations in an oxyR homolog and predicted fimbria structural genes were identified. S. marcescens oxyR mutants were severely impaired in biofilm formation, in contrast to the hyperbiofilm phenotype exhibited by oxyR mutants of Escherichia coli and Burkholderia pseudomallei. Further analysis revealed that OxyR plays a role in the primary attachment of cells to a surface. Similar to what is observed in other bacterial species, S. marcescens OxyR …
Fas-Fasl Interaction Involved In Pathogenesis Of Ocular Toxoplasmosis In Mice, Mark S. Hu, Joseph D. Schwartzman, Grant R. Yeaman, Jane Collins, Rosanne Seguin, Imtiaz A. Khan, Lloyd H. Kasper
Fas-Fasl Interaction Involved In Pathogenesis Of Ocular Toxoplasmosis In Mice, Mark S. Hu, Joseph D. Schwartzman, Grant R. Yeaman, Jane Collins, Rosanne Seguin, Imtiaz A. Khan, Lloyd H. Kasper
Dartmouth Scholarship
Ocular toxoplasmosis is a potentially blinding intraocular inflammation. The intent of this study was to investigate the role of Fas-FasL interaction in a murine model of acquired ocular toxoplasmosis induced by intracameral inoculation of Toxoplasma gondii. Intraocular inflammation, Fas and FasL expression on lymphocytes and on ocular tissues, the occurrence of apoptosis, and the frequency of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in the infected eyes were analyzed in C57BL/6 (B6) mice. Susceptibility to parasite-induced intraocular inflammation was observed in Fas-deficient (B6-lpr) and FasL-deficient (B6-gld) mice. Inoculation of 5,000 T. gondii tachyzoites induced significant …