Neurology Commons^™

A Taxonomy Of Childhood Pedal Cyclist Injuries From Latent Class Analysis: Associations With Factors Pertinent To Prevention, Joseph Piatt

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Background: Studies of pedal cyclist injuries have largely focused on individual injury categories, but every region of the cyclist's body is exposed to potential trauma. Real-world injury patterns can be complex, and isolated injuries to one body part are uncommon among casualties requiring hospitalization. Latent class analysis (LCA) may identify important patterns in heterogeneous samples of qualitative data.

Methods: Data were taken from the Trauma Quality Improvement Program of the American College of Surgeons for 2017. Inclusion criteria were age 18 years or less and an external cause of injury code for pedal cyclist. Injuries were characterized by Abbreviated Injury …

Language Tasks And The Network Control Role Of The Left Inferior Frontal Gyrus, John D Medaglia, Denise Y Harvey, Apoorva S Kelkar, Jared P Zimmerman, Joely A Mass, Danielle S Bassett, Roy H Hamilton

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Recent work has combined cognitive neuroscience and control theory to make predictions about cognitive control functions. Here, we test a link between whole-brain theories of semantics and the role of the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) in controlled language performance using network control theory (NCT), a branch of systems engineering. Specifically, we examined whether two properties of node controllability, boundary and modal controllability, were linked to semantic selection and retrieval on sentence completion and verb generation tasks. We tested whether the controllability of the left IFG moderated language selection and retrieval costs and the effects of continuous θ burst stimulation …

Posterior Cortical Atrophy: Characteristics From A Clinical Data Registry., Jennifer J Olds, William L Hills, Judith Warner, Julie Falardeau, Lori Haase Alasantro, Mark L Moster, Robert A Egan, Wayne T Cornblath, Andrew G Lee, Benjamin M Frishberg, Roger E Turbin, David M Katz, John A Charley, Victoria S Pelak

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Amyloid-Related Memory Decline In Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease In Dependent On Apoe Ε4 And Is Detectable Over 18-Months, Christine Thai, Yen Ying Lim, Victor L. Villemagne, Simon Laws, David Ames, Kathryn A. Ellis, Stephanie Rainey-Smith, Ralph Martins, Colin L. Masters, Christopher C. Rowe, Paul Maruff, Australian Imaging, Biomarkers And Lifestyle (Aibl) Research Group

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

High levels of β-amyloid (Aβ) in the brain and carriage of the APOE ε4 allele have each been linked to cognitive impairment in cognitively normal (CN) older adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cerebral Aβ level, APOE ε4 carrier status, and cognitive decline over 18 monthes, in 317 cognitively healthy (CN) older adults (47% males, 52.4% females) aged between 60 and 89 years (Mean = 69.9, SC = 6.8). Cognition was assessed using the Cogstate Brief Battery (CBB) and the California Verbal Learning Test, Second Edition (CVLT-II). Planned comparisons indicated that CN older adults …

Pulmonary Function In Patients With Huntington's Disease, Alvaro Reyes, Travis Cruickshank, Mel Ziman, Ken Nosaka

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor, cognitive and psychiatric disturbances. Chest muscle rigidity, respiratory muscle weakness, difficulty in clearing airway secretions and swallowing abnormalities have been described in patients with neurodegenerative disorders including HD. However limited information is available regarding respiratory function in HD patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate pulmonary function of patients with HD in comparison to healthy volunteers, and its association with motor severity.Methods: Pulmonary function measures were taken from 18 (11 male, 7 female) manifest HD patients (53 ± 10 years), and 18 (10 male, 8 female) …

Manifestations Of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Epidural Pannus And Atlantoaxial Subluxation Resulting In Basilar Invagination., Adam L Schreiber, Do, Ma

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Faculty Papers

Presented in part at the AAPMR 71st Annual Assembly Meeting, Seattle, WA, November 4-7, 2010.

Atlantoaxial instability results from cartilaginous destruction, periarticular erosions, and ligament and tendon attenuation. Instability affects 19%-70% of patients, and basilar invagination from vertical odontoid subluxation through the foramen magnum occurs in 38% of patients. This phenomenon occurs twice as often in women than men, whose age at diagnosis typically ranges from 30-50 years. Along with bony compression, the pannus further decreases the space available for the cord by 3mmor more in approximately 66% of patients (Figures 1-7). The earliest and most common symptom of cervical …

What Are The Implications Of Accountable Care Organizations For Physical Medicine And Rehabilitation Practices?, John L. Melvin, Greg Worsowicz

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Faculty Papers

The goal of delivering quality health care at a lower overall cost through accountable care organizations (ACO) as described as part of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) has gained momentum among payers, providers, and the public. The concept includes developing an organization that provides incentives for quality care while lowering the overall cost of the care. If the goals are met, then both providers and payers would be able to share in the financial savings produced by the lower health care costs achieved while improving the quality of care delivered. The Centers for Medicare and …

Hormonal Consequences Of Epilepsy And Its Treatment In Men., Kartik Sivaraaman, Scott Mintzer

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Epilepsy and anticonvulsant medications may substantially alter endocrine homeostasis, including the male reproductive hormonal system.

RECENT FINDINGS: Seizures in medial temporal lobe structures, through their connectivity to the hypothalamus, alter the secretion of gonadotropins. Levels of circulating bioavailable testosterone are affected by changes in the level of binding proteins, which in turn may be affected by seizure medications. The use of older generation medications that induce the cytochrome P450 system is associated with an increase in sex hormone-binding globulin and lower bioactive testosterone. Sexual dysfunction, including decreased libido and decreased potency, and infertility, is seen commonly in …

A Novel And Generalizable Organotypic Slice Platform To Evaluate Stem Cell Potential For Targeting Pediatric Brain Tumors., Shengwen Calvin Li, William Gunter Loudon

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

Brain tumors are now the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in children under age 15. Malignant gliomas are, for all practical purposes, incurable and new therapeutic approaches are desperately needed. One emerging strategy is to use the tumor tracking capacity inherent in many stem cell populations to deliver therapeutic agents to the brain cancer cells. Current limitations of the stem cell therapy strategy include that stem cells are treated as a single entity and lack of uniform technology is adopted for selection of clinically relevant sub-populations of stem cells. Specifically, therapeutic success relies on the selection of a clinically competent …

A Turner Syndrome Neurocognitive Phenotype Maps To Xp22.3., Andrew R Zinn, David Roeltgen, Gerry Stefanatos, Purita Ramos, Frederick F Elder, Harvey Kushner, Karen Kowal, Judith L Ross

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Turner syndrome (TS) is associated with a neurocognitive phenotype that includes selective nonverbal deficits, e.g., impaired visual-spatial abilities. We previously reported evidence that this phenotype results from haploinsufficiency of one or more genes on distal Xp. This inference was based on genotype/phenotype comparisons of individual girls and women with partial Xp deletions, with the neurocognitive phenotype considered a dichotomous trait. We sought to confirm our findings in a large cohort (n = 47) of adult women with partial deletions of Xp or Xq, enriched for subjects with distal Xp deletions. METHODS: Subjects were recruited from North American genetics and …