Cardiology Commons^™

Cardioembolic Stroke Secondary To Massive Stress-Induced Apical Thrombosis: A Clinical Conundrum Relating To Anticoagulation Initiation, Siva Naga S. Yarrarapu, Parth Shah, Vikramaditya Samala Venkata, Jayasree Ravilla, Gaurav Mohan, Poorva Bhide, David Anwar

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy or stress cardiomyopathy is a condition characterized by acute and transient left ventricular systolic dysfunction in the absence of coronary heart disease, occurring after an acute emotional or physical stressful event. Cardiac dysfunction in these patients is suspected to be secondary to catecholamine induced cardiac myocyte injury via cyclic AMP-mediated calcium overload or due to endothelial dysfunction. Even though left ventricular dysfunction in takotsubo cardiomyopathy is transient, it can lead to acute complications. Left ventricular thrombus formation is a widely reported complication and has an incidence of around 5-14% in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy patients and can lead to thromboembolic …

Atrial High-Rate Episodes, Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation And Short-Duration Clinical Atrial Fibrillation: Different Names For The Same Arrhythmia Or A New Player On The Pitch?, Juan Benezet-Mazuecos, Alvaro Lozano Rosado, Julian Crosa, Jose Antonio Iglesias

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Long-Term Oral Anticoagulation Therapies Including Newly Approved Reversal Agent For Dabigatran, Mackenzie Devine, Natalie Lennartz, Michaela Wolford, Rebecca Worden, Joelle Farano, Erin Petersen

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Anticoagulants are a well-known class of agents essential for the prevention of blood clots, which may further develop into deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism or stroke. Individuals at a high risk of clotting, such as those with atrial fibrillation, multiple risk factors or recent hip/knee surgery, are in need of long-term anticoagulation therapy. The purpose of this review is to highlight the pros and cons for each available anticoagulant as well as discuss pivotal clinical trials that evaluated the safety and efficacy of these agents. Warfarin, the oldest anticoagulant, requires the patient to attend frequent appointments with a health care …

Safety And Efficacy Of Routine Bridging Anticoagulation For Subtherapeutic Anticoagulation In Outpatients With A Left Ventricular Assist Device, David C. Shisler, Gaurang N. Vaidya, Lori Muncy, Rajakrishnan Vijayakrishnan, Mark S. Slaughter, Emma J. Birks, Dmitry Abramov

The VAD Journal

Background

Anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists is vital to prevent pump thrombosis in patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). However, the safety and efficacy of bridging anticoagulation for the routine management of subtherapeutic international normalized ratio (INR) in stable outpatients remains poorly characterized.

Methods

In this retrospective study, a total of 60 LVAD outpatients had 110 episodes of subtherapeutic INR noted on routine testing. 34 of these episodes were managed with parenteral bridging anticoagulation and 76 were managed with only an adjusted dose of warfarin. The rates of bleeding and thromboembolic adverse events following these episodes of subtherapeutic INR …

Anticoagulation Monitoring In Left Ventricular Assist Device (Lvad) Patients, Adam Sieg, Jennifer Gass, Phillip Weeks, Indranee Rajapreyar, Igor Gregoric

The VAD Journal

The use of left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) provides a treatment strategy for advanced heart failure patients to prolong life and serve as a mediator (bridge to transplant) until an organ becomes available in patients considered suitable candidates for heart transplantation. The use of LVAD therapy is complicated by the constant risk of bleeding and thrombotic events. We reviewed and analyzed the effectiveness of our current heparin protocol with respect to overall anticoagulation and time in therapeutic range (TTR). Our analysis demonstrated that patients did not achieve therapeutic anticoagulation for at least 24 hours following initiation of heparin and that …

Inferior Stemi Complicated By Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage Due To Ruptured Aaa, Farley B. Neasman Iii, Melissa D. Lester, Nepal C. Chowdhury

Marshall Journal of Medicine

When patients present with life threatening conditions, a rapid cost-benefit analysis prioritizes care and commits treatment to a certain course that, in the case of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) treated with drug-eluting stents (DES), could be fatal if there is any deviation. Antiplatelet therapy is vital and secondary concerns (i.e. bleeding diatheses) may accept suboptimal outcomes – in rare cases, another life-threatening condition may be unmasked, the treatment for which runs directly counter to the first. We present a case of STEMI with high clot burden treated with multiple DES, complicated by retroperitoneal hemorrhage due to a ruptured abdominal …

Predicting Outcomes In Patients With Atrial Fibrillation And Acute Mesenteric Ischemia, Sanjay Bhandari, Geetanjali Dang, Muhammad Shahreyar, Ahmad Hanif, Vijayadershan Muppidi, Atul Bhatia, Jasbir Sra, A. Jamil Tajik, Arshad Jahangir

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose

Outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation who develop acute mesenteric ischemia, and the impact of anticoagulation on complications, are not defined.

Methods

Patients admitted with acute mesenteric ischemia in the National Inpatient Sample from 2007, with and without atrial fibrillation, were compared for in-hospital outcomes using multivariate regression, and the impact of prior anticoagulation determined.

Results

Of 48,872 patients with acute mesenteric ischemia, 8,306 had atrial fibrillation, with 680 patients also on anticoagulation. Atrial fibrillation patients were more likely to be older and have hypertension, heart failure, or chronic lung or renal disease. After adjusting for potential confounders, atrial …

Recurrent Acute Myocardial Infarction In Patients With Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura, Fengyi Shen, Tonga Nfor, Tanvir Bajwa

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), also known as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, is an acquired immune-mediated disease of adults and children characterized by a transient or persistent decrease of platelets and, depending upon the degree of thrombocytopenia, an increased risk of bleeding. The use of standard treatments for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), such as antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants, pose serious problems in patients with ITP due to the potential higher risk of bleeding complications. There are no current guidelines available for management of ITP patients with AMI. In this brief review of the limited available literature, we discuss the proposed pathophysiological link …