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Full-Text Articles in Medical Genetics
Buffered Memory: A Hypothesis For The Maintenance Of Functional, Virus-Specific Cd8(+) T Cells During Cytomegalovirus Infection., Christopher M Snyder
Buffered Memory: A Hypothesis For The Maintenance Of Functional, Virus-Specific Cd8(+) T Cells During Cytomegalovirus Infection., Christopher M Snyder
Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers
Chronic infections have been a major topic of investigation in recent years, but the mechanisms that dictate whether or not a pathogen is successfully controlled are incompletely understood. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a herpesvirus that establishes a persistent infection in the majority of people in the world. Like other herpesviruses, CMV is well controlled by an effective immune response and induces little, if any, pathology in healthy individuals. However, controlling CMV requires continuous immune surveillance, and thus, CMV is a significant cause of morbidity and death in immune-compromised individuals. T cells in particular play an important role in controlling CMV and …
Sustained Cd8+ T Cell Memory Inflation After Infection With A Single-Cycle Cytomegalovirus., Christopher M Snyder, Kathy S Cho, Elizabeth L Bonnett, Jane E Allan, Ann B Hill
Sustained Cd8+ T Cell Memory Inflation After Infection With A Single-Cycle Cytomegalovirus., Christopher M Snyder, Kathy S Cho, Elizabeth L Bonnett, Jane E Allan, Ann B Hill
Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a β-herpesvirus that establishes a lifelong latent or persistent infection. A hallmark of chronic CMV infection is the lifelong persistence of large numbers of virus-specific CD8+ effector/effector memory T cells, a phenomenon called "memory inflation". How the virus continuously stimulates these T cells without being eradicated remains an enigma. The prevailing view is that CMV establishes a low grade "smoldering" infection characterized by tiny bursts of productive infection which are rapidly extinguished, leaving no detectable virus but replenishing the latent pool and leaving the immune system in a highly charged state. However, since abortive reactivation with limited …
Hydrophobicity As A Driver Of Mhc Class I Antigen Processing., Lan Huang, Matthew C Kuhls, Laurence C. Eisenlohr
Hydrophobicity As A Driver Of Mhc Class I Antigen Processing., Lan Huang, Matthew C Kuhls, Laurence C. Eisenlohr
Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers
The forces that drive conversion of nascent protein to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted peptides remain unknown. We explored the fundamental property of overt hydrophobicity as such a driver. Relocation of a membrane glycoprotein to the cytosol via signal sequence ablation resulted in rapid processing of nascent protein not because of the misfolded luminal domain but because of the unembedded transmembrane (TM) domain, which serves as a dose-dependent degradation motif. Dislocation of the TM domain during the natural process of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) similarly accelerated peptide production, but in the context of markedly prolonged processing that included nonnascent …
Durable Cytotoxic Immune Responses Against Gp120 Elicited By Recombinant Sv40 Vectors Encoding Hiv-1 Gp120 +/- Il-15., Hayley J Mckee, Patricia Y T'Sao, Maria Vera, Puri Fortes, David S Strayer
Durable Cytotoxic Immune Responses Against Gp120 Elicited By Recombinant Sv40 Vectors Encoding Hiv-1 Gp120 +/- Il-15., Hayley J Mckee, Patricia Y T'Sao, Maria Vera, Puri Fortes, David S Strayer
Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers
BACKGROUND: A vaccine that elicits durable, powerful anti-HIV immunity remains an elusive goal. In these studies we tested whether multiple treatments with viral vector-delivered HIV envelope antigen (gp120), with and without IL-15, could help to approach that goal. For this purpose, we used recombinant Tag-deleted SV40-derived vectors (rSV40s), since they do not elicit neutralizing antibody responses, and so can be given multiply without loss of transduction efficiency. METHODS: SV(gp120) carried the coding sequences for HIV-1NL4-3 Env, and SV(mIL-15) carried the cDNA for mouse IL-15. Singly, and in combination, these two vectors were given monthly to BALB/cJ mice. Cytotoxic immunity and …