Medical Cell Biology Commons^™

Mechanisms Underlying Enhanced Bone Marrow Adipogenesis In Diabetes, Jina J.Y. Kum

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Morbidity and mortality associated with diabetes are due to secondary vascular complications that include both micro- and macro-vascular organ dysfunctions. Our recent studies show that vascular dysfunction and inadequate vessel repair in diabetes may potentially be due to impaired vasculogenesis (de novo vessel formation). Specifically, we have shown that diabetes enhances adipogenesis in the bone marrow and reduces the number of marrow-resident vascular regenerative stem cells. In this study, I have determined the mechanisms of deleterious bone marrow adipogenesis, which may alter the cellular composition of the marrow and lead to the depletion of vascular regenerative stem cells.

My …

Scrna Seq Analysis Of Ebv+ Associated Gastric Cancer, Eric Wang

Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference

No abstract provided.

Erythrokeratodermia Variabilis Et Progressiva (Ekvp) Linked Cx30.3 Mutants Can Be Selectively Rescued By Co-Expression Of Wildtype Keratinocyte Connexins, Rhett O. Figliuzzi

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Connexin 30.3 (Cx30.3) is a β-connexin encoded by GJB4 that is key in epidermal homeostasis. Eleven mutations to the GJB4 are linked to an autosomal dominant skin disease called erythrokeratodermia variabilis et progressiva (EKVP). These mutations remain largely uncharacterized, limiting therapeutic options. In this study, we characterize the expression and functional status of three EKVP-linked Cx30.3 mutants, G12D, T85P and F189Y in rat epidermal keratinocytes. We found that EKVP-linked Cx30.3 mutants were not functional due to their retention in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but did not upregulate BiP, an indicator of ER stress. Sub-physiological incubation and chemical chaperones (such as …

Delineating The Skeletal Muscle-Microvessel Regeneration Program After Ischemic Injury, Jason J. Lee

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Understanding the cellular processes involved in skeletal muscle regeneration after damage is critical to advancing translational efforts toward the development of targeted therapeutics. The purpose of this thesis was to ascertain the dynamic interplay between regenerating muscle and regenerating blood vessels after ischemic injury.

First, using a novel systematic investigation of a widely used preclinical mouse model of limb ischemia, I generated a detailed atlas of muscle injury zones and angiogenesis zones in C57BL/6 mice subjected to femoral artery excision. This uncovered previously unrecognized regional variability and an exclusive relationship between angiogenesis and actively regenerating muscle zones. Then, an unbiased, …

Trna Regulation In Humans: The Cellular Effect Of A Pathological Hars Y454s Mutation, Rosan Kenana

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

tRNAs are the adapter molecules involved in translating the genetic code into functional protein in a living cell. tRNAs are charged with their cognate amino acids - by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRS or ARS) - which are then transferred to a growing peptide in a process called mRNA translation. The efficiency of translation is dependent on the ratio of ARS enzymes to their cognate tRNAs and the availability of correctly amino acylated tRNAs. Disruptions of this process, caused by mutations in ARS genes, in particular, have been linked to complex inherited diseases. USH3B syndrome, a recessively inherited disorder among consanguineous families …

Functional Role Of Dream And Dyrk1a In High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Cell Dormancy, Pirunthan Perampalam

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common form of ovarian cancer. The majority of women are disproportionately diagnosed at an advanced stage (stage III-IV) of the disease when tumours have progressed beyond the ovaries or fallopian tubes and into the peritoneal cavity. Survival rates at late-stage are as low as 25% and chemoresistant disease recurrence is common, affecting up to 90% of patients. Multicellular clusters called spheroids contribute to dormancy, chemoresistance, and metastases and are a major challenge to treatment of HGSOC. Spheroid cells undergo reversible quiescence to evade chemotherapy in a process mediated by the mammalian DREAM …