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Articles 1 - 4 of 4
Full-Text Articles in Medical Anatomy
Mutant Tdp-43 In Motor Neurons Promotes The Onset And Progression Of Als In Rats, Cao Huang, Jianbin Tong, Fangfang Bi, Hongxia Zhou, Xu-Gang Xia
Mutant Tdp-43 In Motor Neurons Promotes The Onset And Progression Of Als In Rats, Cao Huang, Jianbin Tong, Fangfang Bi, Hongxia Zhou, Xu-Gang Xia
Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by progressive motor neuron degeneration, which ultimately leads to paralysis and death. Mutation of TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) has been linked to the development of an inherited form of ALS. Existing TDP-43 transgenic animals develop a limited loss of motor neurons and therefore do not faithfully reproduce the core phenotype of ALS. Here, we report the creation of multiple lines of transgenic rats in which expression of ALS-associated mutant human TDP-43 is restricted to either motor neurons or other types of neurons and skeletal muscle and can be switched on and off. …
Switches, Excitable Responses And Oscillations In The Ring1b/Bmi1 Ubiquitination System., Lan K Nguyen, Javier Muñoz-García, Helene Maccario, Aaron Ciechanover, Walter Kolch, Boris N Kholodenko
Switches, Excitable Responses And Oscillations In The Ring1b/Bmi1 Ubiquitination System., Lan K Nguyen, Javier Muñoz-García, Helene Maccario, Aaron Ciechanover, Walter Kolch, Boris N Kholodenko
Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers
In an active, self-ubiquitinated state, the Ring1B ligase monoubiquitinates histone H2A playing a critical role in Polycomb-mediated gene silencing. Following ubiquitination by external ligases, Ring1B is targeted for proteosomal degradation. Using biochemical data and computational modeling, we show that the Ring1B ligase can exhibit abrupt switches, overshoot transitions and self-perpetuating oscillations between its distinct ubiquitination and activity states. These different Ring1B states display canonical or multiply branched, atypical polyubiquitin chains and involve association with the Polycomb-group protein Bmi1. Bistable switches and oscillations may lead to all-or-none histone H2A monoubiquitination rates and result in discrete periods of gene (in)activity. Switches, overshoots …
Role And Mechanism Of Arsenic In Regulating Angiogenesis., Ling-Zhi Liu, Yue Jiang, Richard L Carpenter, Yi Jing, Stephen C Peiper, Bing-Hua Jiang
Role And Mechanism Of Arsenic In Regulating Angiogenesis., Ling-Zhi Liu, Yue Jiang, Richard L Carpenter, Yi Jing, Stephen C Peiper, Bing-Hua Jiang
Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers
Arsenic is a wide spread carcinogen associated with several kinds of cancers including skin, lung, bladder, and liver cancers. Lung is one of the major targets of arsenic exposure. Angiogenesis is the pivotal process during carcinogenesis and chronic pulmonary diseases, but the role and mechanism of arsenic in regulating angiogenesis remain to be elucidated. In this study we show that short time exposure of arsenic induces angiogenesis in both human immortalized lung epithelial cells BEAS-2B and adenocarcinoma cells A549. To study the molecular mechanism of arsenic-inducing angiogenesis, we find that arsenic induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which activates AKT …
Tdp-43 Potentiates Alpha-Synuclein Toxicity To Dopaminergic Neurons In Transgenic Mice., Tian Tian, Cao Huang, Jianbin Tong, Ming Yang, Hongxia Zhou, Xugang Xia
Tdp-43 Potentiates Alpha-Synuclein Toxicity To Dopaminergic Neurons In Transgenic Mice., Tian Tian, Cao Huang, Jianbin Tong, Ming Yang, Hongxia Zhou, Xugang Xia
Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers
TDP-43 and α-synuclein are two disease proteins involved in a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases. While TDP-43 proteinopathy is considered a pathologic hallmark of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobe degeneration, α-synuclein is a major component of Lewy body characteristic of Parkinson's disease. Intriguingly, TDP-43 proteinopathy also coexists with Lewy body and with synucleinopathy in certain disease conditions. Here we reported the effects of TDP-43 on α-synuclein neurotoxicity in transgenic mice. Overexpression of mutant TDP-43 (M337V substitution) in mice caused early death in transgenic founders, but overexpression of normal TDP-43 only induced a moderate loss of cortical neurons in …