Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons^™

Experiencia En Investigación Formativa: Semillero De Investigación En Salud Visual Y Ocular, Íngrid Jiménez Barbosa

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

No abstract provided.

Evaluación De La Actividad Proteolítica De Una Solución Empleada En La Limpieza De Lentes De Contacto: Proyecto De Aula, Jenifer Castro, Luis Eduardo Chacua Mazabel, Karent Paola Mahecha Bernal, Nicoll Andrea Márquez Buitrago, Lucy Rivera Rojas

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

En cada lágrima existe una alta concentración de proteínas y en la mayoría de los materiales empleados en lentes de contacto estas se adhieren, y ello genera depósitos e incomodidad en el usuario. De ahí que sea necesaria la limpieza de los lentes para asegurar la eliminación de tales depósitos. Uno de los métodos más efectivos es la desproteinización, mediante la actividad proteolítica de las proteasas. Objetivos: evaluar la actividad proteolítica de una solución empleada en la limpieza de lentes de contacto, como proyecto final de aula del espacio académico Bioquímica, del programa de Optometría de la Universidad de La …

Aspectos Clínicos Relevantes En El Diagnóstico De Las Oclusiones Venosas Retinianas: Revisión, Marcelo Carrizosa Murcia, Sara Lucía Pineda Ocampo

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

Objetivo describir la oclusión de la vena central de la retina (OVCR) y la oclusión de la rama venosa de la retina (ORVR), sus características clínicas, su diagnóstico y tratamiento y sus factores de riesgo, mediante la información más actualizada. Materiales y métodos se desarrolló una búsqueda sistematizada en las bases de datos PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest, Medline, entre otras además, se incluyeron textos literarios con información del tema. Los documentos y la información seleccionada pertenecen a un periodo de publicación del 2005 al 2016. Conclusión la OVCR y la ORVR son patologías prevalentes en la práctica diaria el abordaje …

Intervalos De Referencia De Agudeza Visual Y Sensibilidad Al Contraste En Una Población Escolar De Pereira, Colombia, Alejandro León Álvarez, Ana María Agudelo Guevara, Jorge Mario Estrada Álvarez

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

Introducción las pruebas que evalúan la agudeza visual (AV) y la función de sensibilidad al contraste (FSC) permiten cuantificar e identificar la calidad de la visión. En Colombia, los intervalos de referencia para estas dos pruebas visuales se han establecido a partir de parámetros hallados principalmente en poblaciones foráneas. Objetivos determinar los intervalos de referencia de la AV y la FSC en una población escolar sana de 5 a 19 años de Pereira, Colombia. Materiales y métodos estudio descriptivo-transversal en el que se evaluaron 626 sujetos entre los 5 y los 19 años de edad, identificados en un muestreo aleatorio …

Historia Y Análisis Bibliométrico De La Revista Ciencia Y Tecnología Para La Salud Visual Y Ocular, Nicol Bernal Gil, Karol Romero Menjura, Ingrid Astrid Jiménez Barbosa

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

La revista Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular nace en 2003 como un instrumento necesario para divulgar los hallazgos en investigación de la Facultad de Optometría de la Universidad de La Salle de este modo, se constituye en una publicación científica única en su clase y en un referente para Latinoamérica. Objetivo presentar al lector la historia, las tendencias, los retos y las dificultades que ha tenido la revista durante sus 14 años de existencia. Metodología: se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a los seis editores que han colaborado con su trabajo en la publicación y se desarrolló un …

Conocimiento Del Personal De Salud De Una Clínica En Bogotá Acerca Del Sistema Obligatorio De Garantía De Calidad De La Atención De Salud, Wilson Giovanni Jiménez Barbosa, Angie Carolina Pérez Villalba

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

Esta investigación se basa en la normatividad colombiana, establecida en el Decreto 1011 del 2006, a partir de la cual se crean los estándares del Sistema Obligatorio de Garantía de Calidad de la Atención de Salud (SOGCS). Objetivo: evaluar el conocimiento que tienen los funcionarios de la clínica N respecto al SOGCS. Materiales y métodos: se aplicó una metodología descriptiva y evaluativa con la que se estableció el grado de conocimiento que tiene el personal que labora en la clínica acerca de esta normatividad. La muestra fue de 341 miembros del personal de todas las áreas de la clínica, seleccionados …

Appendectomy Versus Non-Operative Treatment For Acute Uncomplicated Appendicitis In Children: Study Protocol For A Multicentre, Open-Label, Non-Inferiority, Randomised Controlled Trial., Nigel J. Hall, Simon Eaton, Olivier Abbo, Alexis P. Arnaud, Marianne Beaudin, Mary Brindle, Andreana Bütter, Dafydd Davies, Tim Jancelewicz, Kathy Johnson, Richard Keijzer, Eveline Lapidus-Krol, Martin Offringa, Nelson Piché, Risto Rintala, Erik Skarsgard, Jan F. Svensson, Wendy J. Ungar, Tomas Wester, Andrew R. Willan, Augusto Zani, Shawn D. St Peter, Agostino Pierro

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background: Appendectomy is considered the gold standard treatment for acute appendicitis. Recently the need for surgery has been challenged in both adults and children. In children there is growing clinician, patient and parental interest in non-operative treatment of acute appendicitis with antibiotics as opposed to surgery. To date no multicentre randomised controlled trials that are appropriately powered to determine efficacy of non-operative treatment (antibiotics) for acute appendicitis in children compared with surgery (appendectomy) have been performed.

Methods: Multicentre, international, randomised controlled trial with a non-inferiority design. Children (age 5-16 years) with a clinical and/or radiological diagnosis of acute uncomplicated appendicitis …

Assessment With Children Who Need Augmentative And Alternative Communication (Aac): Clinical Decisions Of Aac Specialists., Shelley Lund, Quach Wendy, Kristy S.E. Weissling, Miechelle L. Mckelvey, Aimee R. Dietz

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore how speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who are augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) specialists approach the assessment process for 2 case studies, 1 child with cerebral palsy and 1 with autism spectrum disorder. The aim of the study was to answer the following questions: (a) How do clinicians with expertise approach the AAC assessment process for children with developmental disabilities? (b) Can any initial hypothesis be drawn about how SLPs approach the assessment of children with motor versus social interactive deficits?

Method This study used a phenomenological qualitative design. The researchers conducted 2 …

Prebiotics And Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Heather Rasmussen, Bruce R. Hamaker

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Inflammatory bowel disease risk factors include poor diet, and corresponding low intake of dietary fiber, specifically prebiotics, which is fermented by the gut microbiota. Dietary fibers, many of which are potential prebiotics, have hundreds to thousands of unique chemical structures that may promote bacteria or bacterial groups to provide beneficial health effects. In vitro and in vivo animal models provide some support for the use of prebiotics for inflammatory bowel disease through inflammation reduction. Studies using prebiotics in patients with inflammatory bowel disease are limited and focus on only a select few prebiotic substances.

Keywords: Inflammatory bowel disease, Ulcerative colitis, …

The Neuropsychology Of Sport And Performance, Arthur C. Maerlender

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

Neuropsychological theory has been a mainstay for understanding pathology within the brain-behavior context. However, our theories for predicting superior behavior are not as well developed. Sport neuropsychology was developed on the presumption that athletes represent a population in a relatively well-controlled environment for studying brain pathology due to injury. This study of pathology within a high-performance environment has been responsible for identifying the effects of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) on individual functioning. Far less attention has been paid to the other end of the performance continuum, and yet, viable brain-behavior hypotheses should hold true across the spectrum of function …

Validity And Reliability Of Baseline Testing In A Standardized Environment, Kathryn L. Higgins, Todd Caze, Arthur C. Maerlender

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

Objective — The Immediate Postconcussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) is a computerized neuropsychological test battery commonly used to determine cognitive recovery from concussion based on comparing post-injury scores to baseline scores. This model is based on the premise that ImPACT baseline test scores are a valid and reliable measure of optimal cognitive function at baseline. Growing evidence suggests that this premise may not be accurate and a large contributor to invalid and unreliable baseline test scores may be the protocol and environment in which baseline tests are administered. This study examined the effects of a standardized environment and administration …

Measurement Of Cortisol In Saliva: A Comparison Of Measurement Error Within And Between International Academic‑Research Laboratories, Jessica L. Calvi, Frances R. Chen, Victoria Brann Benson, Eleanor Brindle, Matt Bristow, Alpana De, Sonja Entringer, Helen Findlay, Christine Heim, Eric A. Hodges, Heiko Klawitter, Sonia Lupien, Holly M. Rus, Jitske Tiemensma, Silvanna Verlezza, Claire-Dominique Walker, Douglas A. Granger

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

Objective: Hundreds of scientific publications are produced annually that involve the measurement of cortisol in saliva. Intra- and inter-laboratory variation in salivary cortisol results has the potential to contribute to crossstudy inconsistencies in findings, and the perception that salivary cortisol results are unreliable. This study rigorously estimates sources of measurement variability in the assay of salivary cortisol within and between established international academic-based laboratories that specialize in saliva analyses. One hundred young adults (Mean age: 23.10 years; 62 females) donated 2 mL of whole saliva by passive drool. Each sample was split into multiple- 100 μL aliquots and …

Patterns Of Referral In High School Concussion Management Programs: A Pilot Study Of Consultants From Different Disciplines, Jonathan Lichtenstein, Kate S. Linnea, Arthur C. Maerlender

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

School-based concussion management programs cover thousands of young athletes, yet there is little in the way of research to assess program processes or outcomes. This study examined the referral patterns of consultants working with ten high school concussion management programs. In addition to the number of referrals made to specialists, other potential outcome variables were explored. The sample included over 5,000 athlete-seasons and 298 concussions managed directly by certified athletic trainers. All programs used computerized neuropsychological testing (both baseline and post injury). Two groups were compared: five programs used a clinical neuropsychologist (NP) as the testing consultant and five used …

Attention Is Associated With Postural Control In Those With Chronic Ankle Instability, Adam B. Rosen, Nicholas T. Than, William Z. Smith, Jennifer M. Yentes, Melanie L. Mcgrath, Mukul Mukherjee, Sarah A. Myers, Arthur C. Maerlender

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is often debilitating and may be affected by a number of intrinsic and environmental factors. Alterations in neurocognitive function and attention may contribute to repetitive injury in those with CAI and influence postural control strategies. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine if there was a difference in attentional functioning and static postural control among groups of Comparison, Coper and CAI participants and assess the relationship between them within each of the groups. Recruited participants performed single-limb balance trials and completed the CNS Vital Signs (CNSVS) computer-based assessment to assess their attentional function. Center …

Sandbagging On The Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment And Cognitive Testing (Impact) In A High School Athlete Population, Kathryn L. Higgins, Robert L. Denny, Arthur C. Maerlender

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

The Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) is a computerized neuropsychological test battery commonly used to assess cognitive functioning after a concussion. It is recommended that application of ImPACT utilizes a baseline administration so athletes have an individualized baseline with which to compare post-injury results should they sustain a concussion. It has been suggested that athletes may provide suboptimal effort, called “sandbagging,” in order to return to their baseline cognitive scores, and thus to play, more quickly. This research examines ImPACT baseline scores when high school athletes were asked to attempt to “sandbag,” and compares those scores with scores …

Psychological And Neural Contributions To Appetite Self-Regulation, Luke E. Stoeckel, Leann L. Birch, Todd Heatherton, Traci Mann, Christine Hunter, Susan Czajkowski, Lisa Onken, Paige K. Berger, Cary R. Savage

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

Objective: This paper reviews the state of the science on psychological and neural contributions to appetite self-regulation in the context of obesity. Methods: Three content areas (neural systems and cognitive functions; parenting and early childhood development; and goal setting and goal striving) served to illustrate different perspectives on the psychological and neural factors that contribute to appetite dysregulation in the context of obesity. Talks were initially delivered at an NIH workshop consisting of experts in these three content areas, and then content areas were further developed through a review of the literature. Results: Self-regulation of appetite involves a complex interaction …

Pilot Study Of Endurance Runners And Brain Responses Associated With Delay Discounting, Laura E. Martin, Jason-Flor V. Sisante, David R. Wilson, Angela A. Moody, Cary R. Savage, Sandra A. Billinger

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

High levels of endurance training have been associated with potentially negative health outcomes and addictive-like symptoms such as exercise in the presence of injury and higher levels of impulsivity. This pilot study examined the relationships among self-report measures of addictive symptoms related to exercise and behavioral and neural measures of impulsivity in endurance runners. We hypothesized endurance runners would have increased preference for immediate rewards and greater activation of cognitive control regions when making decisions involving delayed rewards. Twenty endurance runners (at least 20 miles/week) were recruited to undergo measures of self-report exercise addiction symptoms, impulsive decision-making (delay discounting) and …

Lateral Hypothalamic Activity Indicates Hunger And Satiety States In Humans, Omid Talakoub, Raquel R. Paiva, Matija Milosevic, Marcelo Q. Hoexter, Ruth Franco, Eduardo Alho, Jessie Navarro, Jose F. Pereira Jr., Milos R. Popovic, Cary Savage, Antonio C. Lopes, Pedro Alvarenga, Durval Damiani, Manoel J. Teixeira, Euripides C. Miguel, Erich T. Fonoff, Marcelo C. Batistuzzo, Clement Hamani

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

Lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) local field potentials (LFPs) were recorded in a Prader–Willi patient undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) for obesity. During hunger, exposure to food-related cues induced an increase in beta/ low-gamma activity. In contrast, recordings during satiety were marked by prominent alpha rhythms. Based on these findings, we have delivered alphafrequency DBS prior to and during food intake. Despite reporting an early sensation of fullness, the patient continued to crave food. This suggests that the pattern of activity in LHA may indicate hunger/satiety states in humans but attest to the complexity of conducting neuromodulation studies in obesity.

Adaptación De Lente De Contacto De Apoyo Escleral En Un Paciente Con Queratoplastia Penetrante Causada Por Una Ectasia Unilateral Post-Lasik: Reporte De Caso, Eduard S. Rodríguez Vásquez

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

La córnea brinda alrededor del 70 % del poder refractivo del ojo en esta se practica la mayoría de las cirugías refractivas que existen en la actualidad, como el LASIK. Por ello, es esencial llevar a cabo todos los exámenes prequirúrgicos y posquirúrgicos que se tengan a disposición, ya que se pueden prevenir ectasias iatrogénicas. Igualmente, los aspectos biomecánicos de la córnea después de la cirugía láser, como el porcentaje de tejido alterado y el residual estromal, son datos de suma importancia para determinar el comportamiento futuro de la córnea luego del procedimiento. En este reporte de caso el paciente …

Talento Humano En Salud Visual En Bogotá, Colombia, Años 2013-2014, Mario Esteban Bautista Ochoa, Olivia Margarita Narváez Rumié

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

Introducción el talento humano en salud visual ha sido caracterizado en Bogotá y en Colombia en unión con profesiones afines, es decir, no individualmente. Objetivo describir el talento humano en salud visual en Bogotá, durante los años 2013-2014, al determinar sus características demográficas y socioeconómicas, la institución de pregrado, la experiencia profesional, los ingresos, la modalidad de contrato, entre otros. Metodología enfoque cuantitativo con diseño descriptivo, de corte transversal. Se tomaron bases de datos del Consejo Técnico Nacional Profesional de Optometría, la Secretaría Distrital de Salud de Bogotá y la Asociación Colombiana de Facultades de Optometría. Se diseñó una encuesta …

¿Diversidad Funcional O Discapacidad?: Reflexiones Para El Debate, Elkin A. Sánchez Montenegro

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

No abstract provided.

An Analysis Of Perioperative Adverse Neurological Events Associated With Anesthetic Management At A Tertiary Care Center Of A Developing Country, Fauzia Anis Khan, Sobia Khan, Gauhar Afshan

Department of Anaesthesia

Background and Aims: Existing literature on neurological complications related to anesthesia is reported from affluent countries but the trends may vary in less affluent countries.MATERIAL AND Methods: The objective was to find the associated factors contributing to neurological adverse events occurring within 48 h of anesthesia and surgery. The existing departmental morbidity and mortality database was reviewed from 1992 to 2012 for major adverse neurological events. A standardized methodology was used in reviewing and classifying the data. All adverse events were predefined and categorized before filling the form into the following headers; meningitis, cord/plexus/peripheral nerve injury, stroke, paraparesis/paraplegia/quadriparesis/or quadriplegia, new …

Enhanced Breast Cancer Classification With Automatic Thresholding Using Support Vector Machine And Harris Corner Detection, Mohammad Taheri

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Image classification and extracting the characteristics of a tumor are the powerful tools in medical science. In case of breast cancer medical treatment, the breast cancer classification methods can be used to classify input images as benign and malignant classes for better diagnoses and earlier detection with breast tumors. However, classification process can be challenging because of the existence of noise in the images, and complicated structures of the image. Manual classification of the images is timeconsuming, and need to be done only by medical experts. Hence using an automated medical image classification tool is useful and necessary. In addition, …

Halo- And Solvato-Fluorochromic Polymer Nanoassemblies For Cancer Theranostics, Derek Alexander Reichel

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Theranostics is an emerging treatment approach that combines diagnostics with therapy in order to personalize treatment regimens for individual patients and decrease cancer mortality. Previously, nanoparticles entrapping conventional fluorescent dyes were developed for cancer theranostics, but fluorescent nanoparticles did not allow clinicians to significantly improve cancer treatments.

The use of fluorescent dyes that are sensitive to solvent acidity (halo-fluorochromism) and polarity (solvato-fluorochromism) may overcome the limitations of fluorescent nanoparticles and improve cancer therapy by enabling researchers to detect chemical properties within the nanoparticle core environment. The model halo- and solvato-fluorochromic dye Nile blue was attached to the core of nanoscale …

An Expanded Role For Nurses In Laboratory Utilization, Marilyn S. Hamilton, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Michele Fix, Lynn E. Shriver

Posters

Introduction: The majority of laboratory testing errors occur in the pre-analytical stage, including specimen collection. Children provide special challenges including small blood volumes, small veins, and an inability to cooperate. We describe collaboration between laboratorians and nursing staff to improve specimen collection and the reliability of test results.

Methods: We identified three areas for improvement: 1) Volume of blood for culture, 2) Urine collection, and 3) Appropriate blood collection through a line. Base line data was established. Guidelines for specimen collection were updated. Nurse members of the Laboratory Utilization Committee developed educational tools.

Results: Nursing education was effective at improving …

Creation Of An Injectable In Situ Gelling Native Extracellular Matrix For Nucleus Pulposus Tissue Engineering, Rebecca A. Wachs, Ella N. Hoogenboezem, Hammad I. Huda, Shangjing Xin, Stacy L. Porvasnik, Christine E. Schmidt

Department of Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications

Background Context: Disc degeneration is the leading cause of low back pain and is often characterized by a loss of disc height, resulting from cleavage of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) present in the nucleus pulposus. Intact CSPGs are critical to water retention and maintenance of the nucleus osmotic pressure. Decellularization of healthy nucleus pulposus tissue has the potential to serve as an ideal matrix for tissue engineering of the disc because of the presence of native disc proteins and CSPGs. Injectable in situ gelling matrices are the most viable therapeutic option to prevent damage to the anulus fibrosus and future …

Validation Of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Short Forms For Use In Childhood-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus., Jordan T. Jones, Adam C. Carle, Janet Wootton, Brianna Liberio, Jiha Lee, Laura E. Schanberg, Jun Ying, Esi Morgan Dewitt, Hermine I. Brunner

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVE: To validate the pediatric Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System short forms (PROMIS-SFs) in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a clinical setting.

METHODS: At 3 study visits, childhood-onset SLE patients completed the PROMIS-SFs (anger, anxiety, depressive symptoms, fatigue, physical function-mobility, physical function-upper extremity, pain interference, and peer relationships) using the PROMIS assessment center, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) legacy measures (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire, Simple Measure of Impact of Lupus Erythematosus in Youngsters [SMILEY], and visual analog scales [VAS] of pain and well-being). Physicians rated childhood-onset SLE activity on a VAS and completed …

Biomechanical Evaluation Of A Growth-Friendly Rod Construct., Sarah Galvis, Josh Arnold, Erin Mannen, Benjamin Wong, Hadley Sis, Eileen Cadel, John Anderson, Dennis Anderson, Paul Arnold, Elizabeth Friis

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Distraction-type rods mechanically stabilize the thorax and improve lung growth and function by applying distraction forces at the rib, spine, pelvis, or a combination of locations. However, the amount of stability the rods provide and the amount the thorax needs is unknown.

METHODS: Five freshly frozen and thawed cadaveric thoracic spine specimens were tested for lateral bending, flexion/extension, and axial rotation in displacement control (1°/sec) to a load limit of ±5 Nm for five cycles after which a growth-friendly unilateral rod was placed in a simulated rib-to-lumbar attachment along the right side. The specimens were tested again in the …

Biomarkers Of Sepsis: A Retrospective Approach, Jose M. Roberts

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Background: Biomarkers are taking the spotlight in becoming the norm for early diagnoses. Sepsis is an inflammatory disease that increases metabolic rate in children. The first biomarker is hyponatremia. Hyponatremia is a frequent electrolyte imbalance in clinical practice, often observed in children with inflammatory disease and infection. Presence of hyponatremia is associated with electrical signaling imbalances, inflammation and renal dysfunction. The clinical value of hyponatremia in pediatric patients is unknown. The C-reactive protein is a second biomarker. Its presence signifies that necrotic cells and inflammation are present.

Objectives: To evaluate the use of biomarkers in children seen in the Emergency …

An Assessment Of Nurses’ Experiences Of Work Related Stress Through Self-Reporting And Hair Cortisol Analysis, In A Metropolitan Hospital In Western Australia, Kim Oliver

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The aim of this study was to assess how years of experience and practice area influence work related stress amongst 1,200 nurses employed in a metropolitan hospital environment in Western Australia. A combination of self-administered questionnaires and hair cortisol, an objective stress biomarker, was utilised to measure stress levels and to relate these to practice area, age and experience. Questionnaire results indicated that there was a higher level of perceived stress for 40% of this cohort of nurses; the study methodology was able to unearth noteworthy factors within a local WA nursing population that impacted on their perceived stress. These …