Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Exercise Medicine For Cancer Cachexia: Targeted Exercise To Counteract Mechanisms And Treatment Side-Effects, Georgios Mavropalias, Marc Sim, Dennis R. Taaffe, Daniel A. Galvao, Nigel Spry, William Kraemer, Keijo Häkkinen, Robert U. Newton

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose: Cancer-induced muscle wasting (i.e., cancer cachexia, CC) is a common and devastating syndrome that results in the death of more than 1 in 5 patients. Although primarily a result of elevated inflammation, there are multiple mechanisms that complement and amplify one another. Research on the use of exercise to manage CC is still limited, while exercise for CC management has been recently discouraged. Moreover, there is a lack of understanding that exercise is not a single medicine, but mode, type, dosage, and timing (exercise prescription) have distinct health outcomes. The purpose of this review was to examine the effects …

Exercise In Advanced Prostate Cancer Elevates Myokine Levels And Suppresses In-Vitro Cell Growth, Jin Soo Kim, Dennis R. Taaffe, Daniel A. Galvão, Nicolas H. Hart, Elin Gray, Charles J. Ryan, Stacey A. Kenfield, Fred Saad, Robert U. Newton

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background:

Altering the systemic milieu through exercise has been proposed as a potential mechanism underlying exercise-driven tumour suppression. It is not yet known whether men with advanced prostate cancer can elicit such adaptations following a program of exercise. The purpose is to examine myokine levels of serum acquired from metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients recruited to the INTERVAL-GAP4 trial before and after 6 months of exercise and its tumour-suppressive effect.

Methods:

Twenty-five men with mCRPC (age = 74.7 ± 7.1 yrs) were randomised to supervised multimodal (aerobic and resistance) exercise (EX) or self-directed exercise control group (CON). Body composition …

Congenital Anomaly Epidemiological Correlates Of Δ8thc Across Usa 2003–16: Panel Regression And Causal Inferential Study, Albert Stuart Reece, Gary Kenneth Hulse

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8THC) is marketed in many US states as ‘legal weed’. Concerns exist relating to class-wide genotoxic cannabinoid effects. We conducted an epidemiological investigation of Δ8THC-related genotoxicity expressed as 57 congenital anomaly (CA) rates (CARs) in the USA. CARs were taken from the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia. Drug exposure data were taken from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health, with a response rate of 74.1%. Ethnicity and income data were taken from the US Census Bureau. National cannabinoid exposure was taken from Drug Enforcement Agency publications and multiplied by state cannabis use data to derive state-based …

European Epidemiological Patterns Of Cannabis- And Substance-Related Congenital Cardiovascular Anomalies: Geospatiotemporal And Causal Inferential Study, Albert Stuart Reece, Gary Kenneth Hulse

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

As prenatal and community cannabis exposures have recently been linked with congenital heart disease (CHD), it was of interest to explore these associations in Europe in a causal framework and space-time context. Congenital anomaly data from Eurocat, drug-use data from the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, and income from the World Bank. Countries with rising daily cannabis use had in general higher congenital anomaly rates over time than those without (time: status interaction: β-Est. = 0.0267, P = 0.0059). At inverse probability-weighted panel regression, cannabis terms were positive and significant for CHD, severe CHD, atrial septal defect, …

Epidemiology Of ∆8thc-Related Carcinogenesis In Usa: A Panel Regression And Causal Inferential Study, Albert Stuart Reece, Gary Kenneth Hulse

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The use of ∆8THC is increasing at present across the USA in association with widespread cannabis legalization and the common notion that it is “legal weed”. As genotoxic actions have been described for many cannabinoids, we studied the cancer epidemiology of ∆8THC. Data on 34 cancer types was from the Centers for Disease Control Atlanta Georgia, substance abuse data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, ethnicity and income data from the U.S. Census Bureau, and cannabinoid concentration data from the Drug Enforcement Agency, were combined and processed in R. Eight cancers (corpus uteri, liver, gastric cardia, breast …

Effects Of Cannabis On Congenital Limb Anomalies In 14 European Nations: A Geospatiotemporal And Causal Inferential Study, Albert Stuart Reece, Gary Kenneth Hulse

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Cannabinoid exposure is increasing in some European nations. Europe therefore provides an interesting test environment for the recently reported link between cannabis exposure and congenital limb anomaly (CLA) rates (CLARs). Exponential genotoxic dose–response relationships make this investigation both intriguing and imperative. Annual CLAR in 14 nations were from Epidemiological Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies. Drug use rates were from European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Dependency. Median household income was from the World Bank. E-values provide a quantitative measure of robustness of results to confounding by extraneous covariates. Inverse probability weighting is an important technique for equalizing exposures across countries …

Building The Plane While It’S Flying: Implementation Lessons From Integrating A Co-Located Exercise Clinic Into Oncology Care, Mary A. Kennedy, Sara Bayes, Robert U. Newton, Yvonne Zissiadis, Nigel A. Spry, Dennis R. Taaffe, Nicolas H. Hart, Daniel A. Galvão

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background:

Despite its therapeutic role during cancer treatment, exercise is not routinely integrated into care and implementation efforts are largely absent from the literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate a strategy to integrate the workflow of a co-located exercise clinic into routine care within a private oncology setting in two clinics in the metropolitan region of Western Australia.

Methods:

This prospective evaluation utilised a mixed methods approach to summarise lessons learned during the implementation of an integrated exercise workflow and supporting implementation plan. Data collection was informed by the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework. Reports …

Musculoskeletal Responses To Exercise Plus Nutrition In Men With Prostate Cancer On Androgen Deprivation: A 12-Month Rct, Jack Dalla Via, Patrick J. Owen, Robin M. Daly, Niamh L. Mundell, Patricia M. Livingston, Timo Rantalainen, Stephen J. Foulkes, Jeremy L. Millar, Declan G. Murphy, Steve F. Fraser

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose:

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer has multiple adverse effects on musculoskeletal health. This 12-month randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the effects of multicomponent exercise training combined with whey protein, calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD), structure and strength, body composition, muscle strength, and physical function in ADT-treated men.

Methods:

Seventy ADT-treated men were randomized to exercise plus supplementation (Ex + Suppl; n = 34) or usual care (control; n = 36). Ex + Suppl involved thrice weekly progressive resistance training plus weight-bearing impact exercise with daily multinutrient supplementation. Primary outcomes were DXA …

Intra- And Inter-Tumoral Heterogeneity Of Liver Metastases In A Patient With Uveal Melanoma Revealed By Single-Cell Rna Sequencing, Weitao Lin, Aaron Beasley, Nima Mesbah Ardakani, Elena Denisenko, Leslie Calapre, Matthew Jones, Benjamin Woods, Lydia Warburton, Alistair R.R. Forrest, Elin S. Gray

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Tumour heterogeneity is a major obstacle to the success of cancer treatment. An accurate understanding and recognition of tumour heterogeneity is critical in the clinical management of cancer patients. Here, we utilised single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to uncover the intra- and inter-tumoural heterogeneity of liver metastases from a patient with metastatic uveal melanoma. The two metastases analysed were largely infiltrated by non-cancerous cells with significant variability in the proportion of different cell types. Analysis of copy number variations (CNVs) showed gain of 8q and loss of 6q in both tumours, but loss of chromosome 3 was only detected in one …

Association Between Vitamin K1 Intake And Mortality In The Danish Diet, Cancer, And Health Cohort, Claire R. Palmer, Jamie W. Bellinge, Frederik Dalgaard, Marc Sim, Kevin Murray, Emma Connolly, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Catherine P. Bondonno, Kevin D. Croft, Gunnar Gislason, Anne Tjønneland, Kim Overvad, Carl Schultz, Joshua R. Lewis, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Nicola P. Bondonno

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Reported associations between vitamin K and both all-cause and cause-specific mortality are conflicting. The 56,048 participants from the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health prospective cohort study, with a median [IQR] age of 56 [52-60] years at entry and of whom 47.6% male, were followed for 23 years, with 14,083 reported deaths. Of these, 5015 deaths were CVD-related, and 6342 deaths were cancer-related. Intake of vitamin K (phylloquinone) was estimated from a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and its relationship with mortality outcomes was investigated using Cox proportional hazards models. A moderate to high (87-192 µg/d) intake of vitamin K was associated with …

The Oncogene Aamdc Links Pi3k-Akt-Mtor Signaling With Metabolic Reprograming In Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer, Emily Golden, Rabab Rashwan, Eleanor A. Woodward, Agustin Sgro, Edina Wang, Anabel Sorolla, Charlene Waryah, Wan Jun Tie, Elisabet Cuyàs, Magdalena Ratajska, Iwona Kardaś, Piotr Kozlowski, Elizabeth K. M. Johnstone, Heng B. See, Ciara Duffy, Jeremy Parry, Kim A. Lagerborg, Piotr Czapiewski, Javier A. Menendez, Adam Gorczyński, Bartosz Wasag, Kevin D. G. Pfleger, Christina Curtis, Bum-Kyu Lee, Jonghwan Kim, Joseph Cursons, Nathan J. Pavlos, Wojciech Biernat, Mohit Jain, Andrew J. Woo, Andrew Redfern, Pilar Blancafort

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Adipogenesis associated Mth938 domain containing (AAMDC) represents an uncharacterized oncogene amplified in aggressive estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers. We uncover that AAMDC regulates the expression of several metabolic enzymes involved in the one-carbon folate and methionine cycles, and lipid metabolism. We show that AAMDC controls PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling, regulating the translation of ATF4 and MYC and modulating the transcriptional activity of AAMDC-dependent promoters. High AAMDC expression is associated with sensitization to dactolisib and everolimus, and these PI3K-mTOR inhibitors exhibit synergistic interactions with anti-estrogens in IntClust2 models. Ectopic AAMDC expression is sufficient to activate AKT signaling, resulting in estrogen-independent tumor growth. Thus, AAMDC-overexpressing …

The Supportive Care Needs Of Regional And Remote Cancer Caregivers, Anna Stiller, Belinda C. Goodwin, Fiona Crawford-Williams, Sonja March, Michael Ireland, Joanne F. Aitken, Jeff Dunn, Suzanne K. Chambers

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objective: As cancer survival rates continue to increase, so will the demand for care from family and friends, particularly in more isolated settings. This study aims to examine the needs of cancer caregivers in regional and remote Australia. Methods: A total of 239 informal (i.e., non-professional) cancer caregivers (e.g., family/friends) from regional and remote Queensland, Australia, completed the Comprehensive Needs Assessment Tool for Cancer Caregivers (CNAT-C). The frequencies of individuals reporting specific needs were calculated. Logistic regression analyses assessed the association between unmet needs and demographic characteristics and cancer type. Results: The most frequently endorsed needs were lodging near hospital …

Glucosinolates From Cruciferous Vegetables And Their Potential Role In Chronic Disease: Investigating The Preclinical And Clinical Evidence, Emma Connolly, Marc Sim, Nikolaj Travica, Wolfgang Marx, Gemma Beasy, Gordon S. Lynch, Catherine P. Bondonno, Joshua R. Lewis, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

An increasing body of evidence highlights the strong potential for a diet rich in fruit and vegetables to delay, and often prevent, the onset of chronic diseases, including cardiometabolic, neurological, and musculoskeletal conditions, and certain cancers. A possible protective component, glucosinolates, which are phytochemicals found almost exclusively in cruciferous vegetables, have been identified from preclinical and clinical studies. Current research suggests that glucosinolates (and isothiocyanates) act via several mechanisms, ultimately exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and chemo-protective effects. This review summarizes the current knowledge surrounding cruciferous vegetables and their glucosinolates in relation to the specified health conditions. Although there is evidence that …

An Integrated Multicomponent Care Model For Men Affected By Prostate Cancer: A Feasibility Study Of Truenth Australia, Patsy Yates, Rob Carter, Robyn Cockerell, Donna Cowan, Cyril Dixon, Anne Magnus, Robert U. Newton, Nicolas H. Hart, Daniel A. Galvão, Brenton Baguley, Nicholas Denniston, Tina Skinner, Jeremy Couper, Jon Emery, Mark Frydenberg, Wei-Hong Liu

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of implementing an integrated multicomponent survivorship care model for men affected by prostate cancer. Methods: Using a single arm prospective cohort study design, men with prostate cancer were recruited from two regional public hospitals in Australia for a 6-months program that provided information and decision support, exercise and nutrition management, specialised clinical support, and practical support through localised and central care coordination. Carers of the men were also invited to the program. Data were collected from multiple sources to evaluate: (1) recruitment capability and participant characteristics; (2) appropriateness and feasibility of delivering the specific intervention …

Dilemmas In Anticoagulation And Use Of Inferior Vena Cava Filters In Venous Thromboembolism; A Survey Of Respiratory Physicians, Haematologists And Medical Oncologists And A Review Of The Literature, Philip Craven, Ciara Daly, Nisha Sikotra, Tim Clay, Eli Gabbay

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© The Author(s) 2021. Twenty percent of patients with Cancer Associated Thrombosis receive an inferior vena cava filter annually. Insertion is guided by practice guidelines, which do not specify or discuss the use of inferior vena cava filters in malignancy. Adherence to these guidelines is known to be variable. We aimed to see if there was consistent management of venous thromboembolism among Medical Oncologists/Haematologists and Respiratory Physicians, with respect to inferior vena cava filter use in the setting of suspected and confirmed malignancy. Medical Oncologists, Haematologists and Respiratory Physicians were surveyed with four theoretical cases. Case 1 concerns a patient …

Epidemiological Overview Of Multidimensional Chromosomal And Genome Toxicity Of Cannabis Exposure In Congenital Anomalies And Cancer Development, Albert Stuart Reece, Gary K. Hulse

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Cannabis and cannabinoids are implicated in multiple genotoxic, epigenotoxic and chromosomal-toxic mechanisms and interact with several morphogenic pathways, likely underpinning previous reports of links between cannabis and congenital anomalies and heritable tumours. However the effects of cannabinoid genotoxicity have not been assessed on whole populations and formal consideration of effects as a broadly acting genotoxin remain unexplored. Our study addressed these knowledge gaps in USA datasets. Cancer data from CDC, drug exposure data from National Survey of Drug Use and Health 2003–2017 and congenital anomaly data from National Birth Defects Prevention Network were used. We show that cannabis, THC cannabigerol …

Otud4 Enhances Tgfβ Signalling Through Regulation Of The Tgfβ Receptor Complex, Patrick William Jaynes, Prasanna Vasudevan Iyengar, Sarah Kit Leng Lui, Tuan Zea Tan, Natali Vasilevski, Sarah Christine Elizabeth Wright, Giuseppe Verdile, Anand D. Jeyasekharan, Pieter Johan Adam Eichhorn

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020, The Author(s). Systematic control of the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) pathway is essential to keep the amplitude and the intensity of downstream signalling at appropriate levels. Ubiquitination plays a crucial role in the general regulation of this pathway. Here we identify the deubiquitinating enzyme OTUD4 as a transcriptional target of the TGFβ pathway that functions through a positive feedback loop to enhance overall TGFβ activity. Interestingly we demonstrate that OTUD4 functions through both catalytically dependent and independent mechanisms to regulate TGFβ activity. Specifically, we find that OTUD4 enhances TGFβ signalling by promoting the membrane presence of TGFβ receptor …

Keeping Patients With Cancer Exercising In The Age Of Covid-19, Robert U. Newton, Nicolas H. Hart, Tim Clay

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a global public health emergency. To date, physical distancing and good personal hygiene have been the only effective measures to limit spread. The pandemic has altered routine cancer care, including allied health and supportive care interventions. Clinicians must adapt and find ways to continue to deliver optimal patient care at this time. The prescription of exercise to people with cancer has been demonstrated to have meaningful benefits for both physical and mental health and quality of life, and may even enhance survival. Such exercise interventions provide the largest benefit to patients when …

The Global, Regional, And National Burden Of Oesophageal Cancer And Its Attributable Risk Factors In 195 Countries And Territories, 1990-2017: A Systematic Analysis For The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2017, Farin Kamangar, Dariush Nasrollahzadeh, Saeid Safiri, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Christina Fitzmaurice, Kevin S. Ikuta, Catherine Bisignano, Farhad Islami, Gholamreza Roshandel, Stephen S. Lim, Hassan Abolhassani, Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Rufus Adesoji Adedoyin, Shailesh M. Advani, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Miloud Taki Eddine Aichour, Tomi Akinyemiju, Chisom Joyqueenet Akunna, Fares Alahdab, Vahid Alipour, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Abdulaziz M. Almulhim, Nahla Hamed Anber, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Jalal Arabloo, Morteza Arab-Zozani, Atalel Fentahun Awedew, Alaa Badawi, Kathleen S. Sachiko Berfield, Kidanemaryam Berhe, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Antonio Biondi, Tone Bjørge, Antonio M. Borzì, Cristina Bosetti, Giulia Carreras, Felix Carvalho, Clara Castro, Dinh-Toi Chu, Vera Marisa Costa, Baye Dagnew, Jiregna Darega Gela, Ahmad Daryani, Feleke Mekonnen Demeke, Gebre Teklemariam Demoz, Mostafa Dianatinasab, Iffat Elbarazi, Mohammad Hassan Emamian, Arash Etemadi, Pawan Sirwan Faris, Eduarda Fernandes, Irina Filip, Florian Fischer, Mohamed M. Gad, Silvano Gallus, Abadi Kahsu Gebre, Tsegaye Tewelde Gebrehiwot, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn Gebremeskel, Begashaw Melaku Gebresillassie, Fatemah Ghasemi-Kebria, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Nermin Ghith, Mahaveer Golechha, Giuseppe Gorini, Rahul Gupta, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Arvin Haj-Mirzaian, James D. Harvey, Maryam Hashemian, Hamid Yimam Hassen, Simon I. Hay, Andualem Henok, Chi Linh Hoang, H. Dean Hosgood, Mowafa Househ, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Milena D. Ilic, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Charvi Jain, Spencer L. James, Sun Ha Jee, Ravi Prakash Jha, Farahnaz Joukar, Ali Kabir, Amir Kasaeian, Mesfin Wudu Kassaw, Supreet Kaur, Andre Pascal Kengne, Esma Kerboua, Yousef Saleh Khader, Rovshan Khalilov, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Abdullah T. Khoja, Jonathan M. Kocarnik, Hamidreza Komaki, Vivek Kumar, Carlo La Vecchia, Savita Lasrado, Bingyu Li, Alan D. Lopez, Azeem Majeed, Navid Manafi, Ana Laura Manda, Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei, Manu Raj Mathur, Varshil Mehta, Dhruv Mehta, Walter Mendoza, Prasanna Mithra, Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad, Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Reza Mohammadpourhodki, Jemal Abdu Mohammed, Farnam Mohebi, Ali H. Mokdad, Lorenzo Monasta, Delaram Moosavi, Mahmood Moosazadeh, Ghobad Moradi, Farhad Moradpour, Rahmatollah Moradzadeh, Gurudatta Naik, Lonut Negoi, Haruna Asura Nggada, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Rajan Nikbakhsh, Molly R. Nixon, Andrew T. Olagunju, Jagadish Roa. Padubidri, Keyvan Pakshir, Shanti Patel, Mona Pathak, Hai Quang Pham, Akram Pourshams, Navid Rabiee, Mohammad Rabiee, Amir Radfar, Alireza Rafiei, Kiana Ramezanzadeh, Goura Kishor Rath, Priya Rathi, Salman Rawaf, David Laith Rawaf, Nima Rezaei, Elias Merdassa Roro, Anas M. Saad, Hamideh Salimzadeh, Abdallah M. Samy, Benn Sartorius, Arash Sarvaezad, Mario Sekerija, Feng Sha, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Sara Sheikhbahaei, Reza Shirkoohi, Sudeep K. Siddappa Malleshappa, Jasvinder A. Singh, Dhirendra Narain Sinha, Catalin-Gabriel Smarandache, Sergey Soshnikov, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Degena Bahrey Tadesse, Berhe Etsay Tesfay, Bhaskar Thakur, Eugenio Traini, Khanh Bao Tran, Bach Xuan Tran, Irfan Ullah, Marco Vacante, Yousef Veisani, Isidora S. Vujcic, Girmay Teklay Weldesamuel, Rixing Xu, Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Deniz Yuce, Vesna Zadnik, Zoubida Zaidi, Zhi-Jiang Zhang, Reza Malekzadeh, Mohsen Naghavi, Gbd 2017 Oesophageal Cancer Collaborators

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 The Author(s). Background Oesophageal cancer is a common and often fatal cancer that has two main histological subtypes: oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma and oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Updated statistics on the incidence and mortality of oesophageal cancer, and on the disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) caused by the disease, can assist policy makers in allocating resources for prevention, treatment, and care of oesophageal cancer. We report the latest estimates of these statistics for 195 countries and territories between 1990 and 2017, by age, sex, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017 …

We Have The Program, What Now? Development Of An Implementation Plan To Bridge The Research-Practice Gap Prevalent In Exercise Oncology, Mary A. Kennedy, Sara Bayes, Robert U. Newton, Yvonne Zissiadis, Nigel A. Spry, Dennis R. Taaffe, Nicolas H. Hart, Michael Davis, Aileen Eiszele, Daniel A. Galvão

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 The Author(s). Background: Exercise has emerged as a promising therapy for people with cancer. Novel programs have been developed to translate research into practice; however, implementation barriers have limited their success in part because successful translation of exercise oncology research into practice requires context-specific implementation plans. The aim of this study was to employ the implementation mapping protocol to develop an implementation plan to support programming of a co-located exercise clinic and cancer treatment center. Methods: The Implementation Mapping protocol, which consists of five specific iterative tasks, was used. A stakeholder advisory group advised throughout the process. Results: …

Clinical Oncology Society Of Australia: Position Statement On Cancer-Related Malnutrition And Sarcopenia, Nicole Kiss, Jenelle Loeliger, Merran Findlay, Elizabeth Isenring, Brenton J. Baguley, Anna Boltong, Alexis Butler, Irene Deftereos, Michelle Eisenhuth, Steve F. Fraser, Rebecca Fichera, Hayley Griffin, Sandi Hayes, Emily Jeffery, Catherine Johnson, Chris Lomma, Barbara Van Der Meij, Carolyn Mcintyre, Tracey Nicholls, Lina Pugliano, Tina Skinner, Jane Stewart, Judy Bauer

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 The Authors. Nutrition & Dietetics published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Dietitians Australia. This position statement describes the recommendations of the Clinical Oncology Society of Australia (COSA) regarding management of cancer-related malnutrition and sarcopenia. A multidisciplinary working group completed a review of the literature, focused on evidence-based guidelines, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, to develop recommendations for the position statement. National consultation of the position statement content was undertaken through COSA members. All people with cancer should be screened for malnutrition and sarcopenia in all health settings at diagnosis and as the clinical situation …

Geographical Disparities In Screening And Cancer- Related Health Behaviour, Belinda Goodwin, Arlen K. Rowe, Fiona Crawford-Williams, Peter Baade, Suzanne K. Chambers, Nicholas Ralph, Joanne F. Aitken

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This study aimed to identify whether cancer-related health behaviours including participation in cancer screening vary by geographic location in Australia. Data were obtained from the 2014–2015 Australian National Health Survey, a computer-assisted telephone interview that measured a range of health-related issues in a sample of randomly selected households. Chi-square tests and adjusted odds ratios from logistic regression models were computed to assess the association between residential location and cancer-related health behaviours including cancer screening participation, alcohol consumption, smoking, exercise, and fruit and vegetable intake, controlling for age, socio-economic status (SES), education, and place of birth. The findings show insufficient exercise, …

Summary Of Cancer Among Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People, Australian Indigenous Healthinfonet

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

No abstract provided.

A Geospatiotemporal And Causal Inference Epidemiological Exploration Of Substance And Cannabinoid Exposure As Drivers Of Rising Us Pediatric Cancer Rates [Dataset], Albert Stuart Reece

Research Datasets

Background. Age-adjusted US total pediatric cancer incidence rates (TPCIR) rose 49% 1975-2015 for unknown reasons. Prenatal cannabis exposure has been linked with several pediatric cancers which together comprise the majority of pediatric cancer types. We investigated whether cannabis use was related spatiotemporally and causally to TPCIR.

Methods. State-based age-adjusted TPCIR data was taken from the CDC Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results cancer database 2003-2017. Drug exposure was taken from the nationally-representative National Survey of Drug Use and Health, response rate 74.1%. Drugs included were: tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, opioid analgesics and cocaine. This was supplemented by cannabinoid concentration data from the …

Evaluation Of A Remote Symptom Assessment And Management (Sam) System For People Receiving Adjuvant Chemotherapy For Breast Or Colorectal Cancer: Mixed Methods Study, Lisa Whitehead, Laura Emery, Deborah Kirk, Diane Twigg, Deborah Brown, Joanna Dewar

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

©Lisa Whitehead, Laura Emery, Deborah Kirk, Diane Twigg, Deborah Brown, Joanna Dewar. Background: The Symptom Assessment and Management (SAM) program is a structured, online, nurse-supported intervention to support symptom self-management in people receiving adjuvant chemotherapy post surgery for breast or colorectal cancer. Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the development, implementation strategy, and evaluation of the SAM system. Methods: The development of the SAM program involved 3 phases. In phase 1, the web app was developed through consultation with consumers and clinicians and of the literature to ensure that the system was evidence-based and reflected the realities …

Nutrition, Body Composition And Physical Activity In Malignant Pleural Disease: Associations With Patient Outcomes And Response To An Exercise Intervention, Emily Jeffery

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Background: Patients with malignant pleural disease (MPD) have advanced cancer and high symptom burden. Goals of patient care are to optimise health-related quality-of-life (HR-QoL) and participation in daily physical activities. Supportive care interventions such as nutrition and exercise could offer benefit to patients. However, there is a lack of information on the prevalence of low muscle mass (i.e., pre-sarcopenia), malnutrition, inactivity and poor physical functioning in patients with MPD. Additionally, little is known about the factors associated with development of pre-sarcopenia and malnutrition or their associations with patient outcomes.

Purpose: The objectives were to: 1) characterise physical activity levels and …

Examining The Effects Of Creatine Supplementation In Augmenting Adaptations To Resistance Training In Patients With Prostate Cancer Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial, Ciaran M. Fairman, Kristina L. Kendall, Robert U. Newton, Nicolas H. Hart, Dennis R. Taaffe, Raphael Chee, Colin I. Tang, Daniel A. Galvao

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

INTRODUCTION: Creatine supplementation has consistently been demonstrated to augment adaptations in body composition, muscle strength and physical function in a variety of apparently healthy older adults and clinical populations. The effects of creatine supplementation and resistance training in individuals with cancer have yet to be investigated. This study aims to examine the effects of creatine supplementation in conjunction with resistance training on body composition, muscle strength and physical function in prostate cancer patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial designed to examine the effects of creatine supplementation in addition to resistance training …

Flavonoid Intake Is Associated With Lower Mortality In The Danish Diet Cancer And Health Cohort, Nicola P. Bondonno, Frederik Dalgaard, Cecilie Kyrø, Kevin Murray, Catherine P. Bondonno, Joshua R. Lewis, Kevin D. Croft, Gunnar Gislason, Augustin Scalbert, Aedin Cassidy, Anne Tjønneland, Kim Overvad, Jonathan M. Hodgson

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Flavonoids, plant-derived polyphenolic compounds, have been linked with health benefits. However, evidence from observational studies is incomplete; studies on cancer mortality are scarce and moderating effects of lifestyle risk factors for early mortality are unknown. In this prospective cohort study including 56,048 participants of the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health cohort crosslinked with Danish nationwide registries and followed for 23 years, there are 14,083 deaths. A moderate habitual intake of flavonoids is inversely associated with all-cause, cardiovascular- and cancer-related mortality. This strong association plateaus at intakes of approximately 500 mg/day. Furthermore, the inverse associations between total flavonoid intake and mortality …

Immediate Versus Delayed Exercise In Men Initiating Androgen Deprivation: Effects On Bone Density And Soft Tissue Composition, Dennis R. Taaffe, Daniel A. Galvao, Nigel Spry, David Joseph, Suzanne K. Chambers, Robert A. Gardiner, Dickon Hayne, Prue Cormie, David H.K. Shum, Robert U. Newton

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

OBJECTIVES: To examine whether it is more efficacious to commence exercise medicine in men with prostate cancer at the onset of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) rather than later on during treatment to preserve bone and soft-tissue composition, as ADT results in adverse effects including: reduced bone mineral density (BMD), loss of muscle mass, and increased fat mass (FM).

PATIENTS AND METHODS: In all, 104 patients with prostate cancer, aged 48-84 years initiating ADT, were randomised to immediate exercise (IMEX, n = 54) or delayed exercise (DEL, n = 50) conditions. The former consisted of 6 months of supervised resistance/aerobic/impact exercise and …

Quality Of Life And Psychological Distress In Cancer Survivors: The Role Of Psycho-Social Resources For Resilience, Craig A. Harms, Lynne Cohen, Julie Ann Pooley, Suzanne K. Chambers, Daniel A. Galvao, Robert U. Newton

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between scores on the Protective Factors for Resilience Scale (PFRS) (as a measure of a person's psycho-social resources for resilience) and quality of life as well as symptoms of psychological distress for adult cancer survivors.

METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 295 cancer survivors (59% female) provided background demographic information and completed the PFRS as well as measures of quality of life and psychological distress previously validated with cancer survivors. Most of the survivors were diagnosed with breast or prostate cancer.

RESULTS: Analysis of the data confirmed the factor structure for the PFRS …